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==Sources==
==Sources==
*''Historical records of the Survey of India'' (Dehra Dun, 1945-58) by Reginald Henry Phillimore.  Comprises 5 volumes. Available on open shelves at British Library shelfmark OIR.354.54. Includes biographical notes of persons involved in the geographical and historical survey of India (the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India) from 1777 to 1843. Also available to read online, refer "Historical books online" below. Volume V, to 1861, may be downloaded as a pdf.
*''Historical records of the Survey of India'' (Dehra Dun, 1945-58) by Reginald Henry Phillimore.  Comprises 5 volumes. Available on open shelves at British Library shelfmark OIR.354.54. Includes biographical notes of persons involved in the geographical and historical survey of India (the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India) from 1777 to 1843. Also available to read online, refer "Historical books online" below.


== Also see==
== Also see==
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091229122957/http://www.ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity/sahyadri/wgbis_info/trigonometrical_survey.htm  "The Trigonometrical Survey"] by FC Danvers (a transcript of an article, possibly that in ''Quarterly Journal of Science VII 1870''  pages 448-458) ces.iisc.ernet.in (archive.org link)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091229122957/http://www.ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity/sahyadri/wgbis_info/trigonometrical_survey.htm  "The Trigonometrical Survey"] by FC Danvers (a transcript of an article, possibly that in ''Quarterly Journal of Science VII 1870''  pages 448-458) ces.iisc.ernet.in (archive.org link)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125140842/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b5b_22.pdf "The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India in a Historical Perspective"] by Rana Deb Roy ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 21(1):22-32 (1986)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125140842/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b5b_22.pdf "The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India in a Historical Perspective"] by Rana Deb Roy ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 21(1):22-32 (1986)
*[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Man-who-mapped-India-sits-forgotten-under-tree/articleshow/20512569.cms Man who mapped India sits forgotten under tree] by  M T Saju, June 10, 2013, ''Times of India''. This article is about the  bust of William Lambton, who launched his work for the Great Trigonometrical Survey on top of St Thomas Mount. On FIBIS on Facebook, Harshawardhan Bosham Nimkhedkar commented on 10 June 2013: Lambton died in Hinganghat, a small town in (the present-day) Chandrapur district of the western state of Maharashtra (about 100 kilometres from Nagpur). He was travelling up north, doing his survey work but fell ill near Hinganghat and died due dysentery. John Keay in his wonderful book The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India gives the details. Keay also discovered Lambton's crumbling tomb in a Moslem graveyard in Hinganghat and photographed it. Lambton was succeeded by George Everest (pronounced Eve-rest), after whom the world's tallest peak Mount Everest in the Himalayas is named.
*[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Man-who-mapped-India-sits-forgotten-under-tree/articleshow/20512569.cms Man who mapped India sits forgotten under tree] by  M T Saju, June 10, 2013, ''Times of India''. This article is about the  bust of William Lambton, who launched his work for the Great Trigonometrical Survey on top of St Thomas Mount. On FIBIS on Facebook, Harshawardhan Bosham Nimkhedkar commented on 10 June 2013: Lambton died in Hinganghat, a small town in (the present-day) Chandrapur district of the western state of Maharashtra (about 100 kilometres from Nagpur). He was travelling up north, doing his survey work but fell ill near Hinganghat and died due dysentery. John Keay in his wonderful book The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India [see Historical books online, below] gives the details. Keay also discovered Lambton's crumbling tomb in a Moslem graveyard in Hinganghat and photographed it. Lambton was succeeded by George Everest (pronounced Eve-rest), after whom the world's tallest peak Mount Everest in the Himalayas is named.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125144649/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005abc_47.pdf "Making Mountains out of Molehills?  George Everest and Henry Barrow 1830-39"] by Jane Insley ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 30 (1) 1995, pages 47-55. Henry Barrow was the first Mathematical Instrument Maker chosen by George Everest  to set up and run a workshop for the repair of defective equipment for the Survey of India.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125144649/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005abc_47.pdf "Making Mountains out of Molehills?  George Everest and Henry Barrow 1830-39"] by Jane Insley ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 30 (1) 1995, pages 47-55. Henry Barrow was the first Mathematical Instrument Maker chosen by George Everest  to set up and run a workshop for the repair of defective equipment for the Survey of India.
*[http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Land_Surveys  Land Surveys] Banglapedia (National Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh). It is stated "The objectives of the revenue survey were to make accurate maps of the village boundaries and, sometimes, of the estate boundaries, showing topographical details, compiling certain statistical data for general administrative purposes, and making maps (usual scale: 4 inches = 1 mile and 1 inch = 1 mile) of each village and pargana"  
*[http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Land_Surveys  Land Surveys] Banglapedia (National Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh). It is stated "The objectives of the revenue survey were to make accurate maps of the village boundaries and, sometimes, of the estate boundaries, showing topographical details, compiling certain statistical data for general administrative purposes, and making maps (usual scale: 4 inches = 1 mile and 1 inch = 1 mile) of each village and pargana"  
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101129164152/http://hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/13/stories/2002111300060300.htm  A pioneering institution <nowiki>[</nowiki>The Madras Survey School<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  by S. Muthiah 13 November 2002 The Hindu
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101129164152/http://hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/13/stories/2002111300060300.htm  A pioneering institution <nowiki>[</nowiki>The Madras Survey School<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  by S. Muthiah 13 November 2002 The Hindu
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125143502/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b66_317.pdf "Science in British India" by RK Kochhar ''Indian Journal of History of Science''] 34(4) 1999 pp317-346. Includes information about Surveys . Page 329 (page 13 of the link) states 'Madras Observatory ran a surveying school from 1794 to 1810 to train teenager European orphaned boys as practical revenue surveyors'.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140125143502/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b66_317.pdf "Science in British India" by RK Kochhar ''Indian Journal of History of Science''] 34(4) 1999 pp317-346. Includes information about Surveys . Page 329 (page 13 of the link) states 'Madras Observatory ran a surveying school from 1794 to 1810 to train teenager European orphaned boys as practical revenue surveyors'.
*From 1794 the brighter students at the Madras Male Orphanage, usually boys of mixed blood, were recruited to the Survey school.<ref> Rootsweb India List post [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2011-02/1298802118 Revenue Surveyor] by Shirley West 27 Feb 2011 (retrieved 14 April 2014)</ref>
*From 1794 the brighter students at the Madras Male Orphanage, usually boys of mixed blood, were recruited to the Survey school.<ref>West, Shirley.
*[http://www.holdiches.com/sir-thomas-hungerford-holdich-1843-1929/  Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1843 – 1929] His Life Story,  Chapters 1-5  cover his time in India. (click on the drop down menu). He became a Royal Engineer and he was sent to India on attachment to the Survey Department. His first campaign was in [[Duar War|Bhutan in 1865]]. This led to his permanent appointment to the Survey Department. He subsequently served in the [[2nd Afghan War]]. he was appointed  as Surveyor to the Historical Boundary Commission which was to settle the boundary between Russia and Afghanistan, and then Chief Commissioner to settle the boundary between Persia and Baluchistan He was involved with the [[Tirah Campaign|1898  campaign against the Afridis]], but soon had to retire as he had reached the age of 55.  The Holdich Family History Society (retrieved 14 April 2014).  [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Holdich Thomas Holdich] Wikipedia. For online books, refer below.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20190405054619/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/1316102/ Revenue Surveyor] ''Rootsweb India  Mailing List'' 27 February 2011, archived.</ref>
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20161014021447/http://www.holdiches.com/sir-thomas-hungerford-holdich-1843-1929/  Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1843 – 1929] His Life Story,  Chapters 1-5  cover his time in India. (click on the drop down menu). He became a Royal Engineer and he was sent to India on attachment to the Survey Department. His first campaign was in [[Duar War|Bhutan in 1865]]. This led to his permanent appointment to the Survey Department. He subsequently served in the [[2nd Afghan War]]. he was appointed  as Surveyor to the Historical Boundary Commission which was to settle the boundary between Russia and Afghanistan, and then Chief Commissioner to settle the boundary between Persia and Baluchistan He was involved with the [[Tirah Campaign|1898  campaign against the Afridis]], but soon had to retire as he had reached the age of 55.  The Holdich Family History Society, now archived.  [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Holdich Thomas Holdich] Wikipedia. For online books, refer below.
*[http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/pundits-mapping-india-british "The Spies Who Mapped Great Swathes of South Asia by Foot"] by Eleanor Cummins April 17, 2017. atlasobscura.com
*[http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/pundits-mapping-india-british "The Spies Who Mapped Great Swathes of South Asia by Foot"] by Eleanor Cummins April 17, 2017. atlasobscura.com
*[http://www.asiatimes.com.au/the-troubled-land-arunachal-dispute/ "The Troubled Land: Arunachal Dispute"] by Anant Mishra ''Asia Times'' 22 February, 2015. Mentions some of the historical Boundary Lines, such as the Johnson Line, the McCartney-MacDonald Line, and the McMahon Line (scroll down).  
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190330174326/http://www.asiatimes.com.au/the-troubled-land-arunachal-dispute/ "The Troubled Land: Arunachal Dispute"] by Anant Mishra ''Asia Times'' 22 February, 2015. Mentions some of the historical Boundary Lines, such as the Johnson Line, the McCartney-MacDonald Line, and the McMahon Line (scroll down).
*[https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/colonel-charles--ida-ryder.html Colonel Charles & Ida Ryder] 1868 – 1945. Royal Engineers and Survey of India, served in India, Burma, China, Tibet, Turco-Persian Boundary Commission, 1917-1918 Mesopotamia in World War 1, Royal & French Geographical Societies, FRGS Gold Medalist, Surveyor General of India 1919-1924. From the drop down menu at the top of the webpage under Colonel Charles Ryder there are links to other sections, including [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/burma--china.html Burma and China 1894-1903]; [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/tibet.html Tibet] [1904]; [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/turco-persian-boundary.html Turco-Persian Boundary Commission 1913-1914] Ryder Archives.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131126124906/http://www.himalayanclub.org/journal/obituary-5/ Obituary of Colonel Reginald Henry Phillimore 1879-1964] himalayanclub.org (archive.org link)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131126124906/http://www.himalayanclub.org/journal/obituary-5/ Obituary of Colonel Reginald Henry Phillimore 1879-1964] himalayanclub.org (archive.org link)
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/61/a4036961.shtml "A British Boy in Wartime Burma"] by Richard Hurley, 09 May 2005. bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar. The author's father was an official in the Survey of India,  in Burma at the outbreak of war, who became  part of a small Survey Group under Brigadier Guy Bomford, who was the Deputy Director of Survey in the 14th Army from 1942 to 1945.
*[https://barry-lewis.com/some-survey-memoirs-of-south-india/ "Some Survey Memoirs of South India"] by Barry Lewis 24 July 2015. Details memoirs of topographical and revenue surveys sponsored by the East India Company (EIC). barry-lewis.com
*[http://www.rics.org Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors - RICS], with headquarters in London. Previously the website advised there was  a Library enquiry service for Family History  which  would  search the archives for a fee, for biographical details of chartered surveyors. (Previously, for the relevant website page, select Knowledge/Enquires & library/Library services/Library enquiry service).  However at 2017/4, this information no longer seems to appear on the website.
*[http://www.rics.org Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors - RICS], with headquarters in London. Previously the website advised there was  a Library enquiry service for Family History  which  would  search the archives for a fee, for biographical details of chartered surveyors. (Previously, for the relevant website page, select Knowledge/Enquires & library/Library services/Library enquiry service).  However at 2017/4, this information no longer seems to appear on the website.
===Historical books online===
===Historical books online===
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*[http://books.google.com/books?id=tE41AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR1  ''A manual of surveying for India, detailing the mode of operations on the revenue surveys in Bengal and the North-western provinces''] by Ralph Smyth and  Henry Edward Landor Thuillier 1851 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=tE41AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR1  ''A manual of surveying for India, detailing the mode of operations on the revenue surveys in Bengal and the North-western provinces''] by Ralph Smyth and  Henry Edward Landor Thuillier 1851 Google Books
*''A Memoir On The Indian Surveys'' by Clements R Markham Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/memoironindiansu00mark#page/n3/mode/2up First Edition  1871],  [http://www.archive.org/stream/memoirontheindia025502mbp#page/n1/mode/2up  2nd Edition  1878]  
*''A Memoir On The Indian Surveys'' by Clements R Markham Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/memoironindiansu00mark#page/n3/mode/2up First Edition  1871],  [http://www.archive.org/stream/memoirontheindia025502mbp#page/n1/mode/2up  2nd Edition  1878]  
*[https://archive.org/details/accountofsurveyo00trotrich ''Account of the Survey Operations in connection with the Mission to Yarkand and Kashgar in 1873-74''] by Captain Henry Trotter, RE, Deputy Superintendent, Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. 1875 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/journeytolhasaa00dasgoog ''Journey to Lhasa and Central Tibet''] by Sarat Chandra Das of the Bengal Educational Service. 1902. Archive.org. A journey in 1881-1882. [https://exploringtibet.wikischolars.columbia.edu/Sarat+Chandra+Das  Sarat Chandra Das] exploringtibet.wikischolars.columbia.edu
:[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HZxDAAAAYAAJ ''Indian Pandits in the Land of Snow''] by  Sarat Chandra Das  1893 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/waysandworksini02macggoog#page/n34/mode/2up "Great Indian Trigonometrical Survey"] from ''Ways and works in India being an account of the public works in that country from the earliest times up to the present day'' by G. W. Macgeorge 1894 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/waysandworksini02macggoog#page/n34/mode/2up "Great Indian Trigonometrical Survey"] from ''Ways and works in India being an account of the public works in that country from the earliest times up to the present day'' by G. W. Macgeorge 1894 Archive.org
*''Account of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India'' Archive.org
*''Account of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India'' Archive.org
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**[https://archive.org/details/accountoftheoper029737mbp  ''Volume XIXA: Descriptions and Heights or Bench-Marks on the Southern Lines of Levelling''] by Colonel S.G. Burrard 1910 Archive.org
**[https://archive.org/details/accountoftheoper029737mbp  ''Volume XIXA: Descriptions and Heights or Bench-Marks on the Southern Lines of Levelling''] by Colonel S.G. Burrard 1910 Archive.org
*''Records of the Survey Of India Volume XVII'' [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n1/mode/2up ''Memoir On Maps Of Chinese Turkistan and Kensu from the Surveys made during Sir Aurel Stein’s Explorations 1900-1, 1906-8, 1913-1915''] by Aurel Stein, Indian Archaelogical Survey 1923 (Trigonometrical Survey Office, Dehra Dun) [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n223/mode/2up Photographs], following page 208. Note this book/file  does not contain any maps. Archive.org
*''Records of the Survey Of India Volume XVII'' [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n1/mode/2up ''Memoir On Maps Of Chinese Turkistan and Kensu from the Surveys made during Sir Aurel Stein’s Explorations 1900-1, 1906-8, 1913-1915''] by Aurel Stein, Indian Archaelogical Survey 1923 (Trigonometrical Survey Office, Dehra Dun) [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n223/mode/2up Photographs], following page 208. Note this book/file  does not contain any maps. Archive.org
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1925-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-20-the-war-record-s-pdf/ ''Records of the Survey of India, Volume 20. The War Record 1914-1920''] 1925. If the download button does not display, locate in Books/Survey Of India, or [https://pahar.in/?wpfb_dl=21751 Direct link] PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=jAFEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR3  Google Books version] (now full view). [https://archive.org/details/records-survey-india-vol.-20 Archive.org version]. Work of Royal Engineers and other staff  of the Survey of India mapping in various theatres of war, in Mesopotamia, Kurdistan, Macedonia, Arabia, Persia, Palestine, East Africa and Afghanistan.
:Many other volumes of ''Records'' are also available on PAHAR.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210463/page/n5/mode/2up ''Records Of The Survey Of India Vol-XXII Exploration Of The Shaksgam Valley And Aghil Ranges 1926''] by Major Kenneth Mason RE 1928 Archive.org.
*''Historical Records of the Survey of India by Colonel'' R H Phillimore (late Royal Engineers and Survey of India).  Read online or download as pdfs Archive.org
*''Historical Records of the Survey of India by Colonel'' R H Phillimore (late Royal Engineers and Survey of India).  Read online or download as pdfs Archive.org
**[http://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol1-3/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVolI#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume I 18th Century''] published 1945
**[http://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol1-3/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVolI#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume I 18th Century''] published 1945
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**[https://archive.org/details/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore ''Volume IV 1830 to 1843 George Everest'' [Surveyor General and Superintendent<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  published 1958 Archive.org
**[https://archive.org/details/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore ''Volume IV 1830 to 1843 George Everest'' [Surveyor General and Superintendent<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  published 1958 Archive.org
***[https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n11/mode/2up Contents], [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n463/mode/2up Biographical Notes] page 415, [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n529/mode/2up Index] page 477
***[https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n11/mode/2up Contents], [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n463/mode/2up Biographical Notes] page 415, [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n529/mode/2up Index] page 477
**''Volume V 1844-1861'', published 1968, (first published 1964)  may be downloaded as a pdf  from [http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/rarebooks/ Digital Himalaya at University of Cambridge Yale],(scroll down) (as may  earlier volumes) (large files up to 47 MB). Volume V was withdrawn by the Indian Government soon after it was published, because of the strategic sensitivity of some of the subject matter.<ref>[http://www.abebooks.co.uk/HISTORICAL-RECORDS-SURVEY-INDIA-Volumes-Phillimore/5703551383/bd abebooks.co.uk]</ref> so it is not widely available.
**''Volume V 1844-1861'', published 1968, (first published 1964)  may be downloaded as a pdf  from [http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/rarebooks/ Digital Himalaya at University of Cambridge, UK],(scroll down) (as may  earlier volumes) (large files up to 47 MB). Also available as a pdf download [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1968-historical-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-5-by-phillimore-s-pdf/PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]. If download button does not display locate under Books/Survey Of India/RH Phillimore and the Historical Records. [https://archive.org/details/historical-records-of-the-survey-of-india-05/Historical%20Records%20of%20the%20Survey%20of%20India_05/mode/2up Archive.org edition] also containing Volumes 1-4. [https://archive.org/details/1968-historical-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-5-by-phillimore-s-volume-v Vol. 5, File 2 Archive.org].  <br>Volume V was withdrawn by the Indian Government soon after it was published, because of political reasons<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141130063031/http://www.abebooks.co.uk/HISTORICAL-RECORDS-SURVEY-INDIA-Volumes-Phillimore/5703551383/bd abebooks.co.uk, now an archived webpage.]</ref> [strategic sensitivity of some of the subject matter], so it is not widely available.
:Volumes I-IV are available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website
*[https://archive.org/details/GeographicalSurveyingInIndia  "Geographical Surveying In India"] by Colonel Sir T H Holdich 1898  Paper XI,'' Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers: Occassional Papers Volume XX˜IV 1898''  pages  289-305 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/GeographicalSurveyingInIndia  "Geographical Surveying In India"] by Colonel Sir T H Holdich 1898  Paper XI,'' Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers: Occassional Papers Volume XXIV 1898''  pages  289-305 Archive.org
:''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900'' by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich [https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog 1901 edition], [https://archive.org/details/indianborderland00holduoft Second and cheaper edition 1909]  Archive.org
*''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900'' by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich [https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog 1901 edition], [https://archive.org/details/indianborderland00holduoft Second and cheaper edition 1909]  Archive.org
:[https://archive.org/details/india01holdgoog ''India'']  by Colonel Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1904 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/india01holdgoog ''India'']  by Colonel Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1904 Archive.org
:[https://archive.org/details/gatesofindiabei00hold  ''The Gates of India, being an Historical Narrative''] by Colonel Sir Thomas Holdich 1910. Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/gatesofindiabei00hold  ''The Gates of India, being an Historical Narrative''] by Colonel Sir Thomas Holdich 1910
:[https://archive.org/details/politicalfrontie00holdiala ''Political Frontiers and Boundary Making''] by  Col.  Sir Thomas  H  Holdich 1916 Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/politicalfrontie00holdiala ''Political Frontiers and Boundary Making''] by  Col.  Sir Thomas  H  Holdich 1916
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1922-routes-in-western-himalaya-kashmir-c-vol-1-punch-kashmir-ladakh-by-mason-s-pdf/  ''Routes in Western-Himalaya Kashmir &c Volume 1 Punch, Kashmir, Ladakh''] [''Púnch, Kashmír & Ladákh''] by Kenneth Mason. Published under the direction of the Surveyor General of India, 1922 and printed at the Office of the Trigonometrical Survey of India, Dehra Dun.  [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1929-routes-in-western-himalaya-kashmir-etc-vol-1-by-mason-s-pdf/ 2nd edition 1929, Revised and corrected].  Pdf downloads, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2190/mode/2up 1922 Archive.org mirror version], [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2402/mode/2up 1929 Archive.org mirror version]. [https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5907/mode/2up 1929 File 2] Archive.org.
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1970-the-forbidden-frontiers-the-survey-of-india-from-1765-to-1949-by-styles-pdf/  ''The Forbidden Frontiers–the Survey of India from 1765 to 1949''] by  Frank Showell Styles 1970  Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate in Books/Survey Of India. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3392/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1988-the-pundits-british-exploration-of-tibet-and-central-asia-by-waller-s-pdf/ ''The Pundits : British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia''] by Derek Waller catalogued 1988, other indications are 1990. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Tibet. [https://archive.org/details/punditsbritishex0000wall/page/n3/mode/2up Archive.org Books to borrow/Lending Library]
:[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1990-thomas-montgomerie-and-the-trans-himalayan-explorers-of-the-survey-of-india-by-waller-s-pdf/ 1990 ''Thomas Montgomerie and the Trans-Himalayan Explorers of the Survey of India''] by Waller.  Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Survey of India/(end section). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3639/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].    Possibly 1983 article ''Annals Assoc.Asian Stud. Southeast Conf''. 5: 27-35.<ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=SZD9--xYamkC&pg=PA278 Page 278] ''Britain and Tibet 1765-1947: A Select Annotated Bibliography of British Relations with Tibet and the Himalayan States Including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan'' by Julie G. Marshall, Alastair Lamb 2005</ref>
*[https://archive.org/details/greatarcdramatic00keay/mode/2up ''The Great Arc: The Dramatic Tale of How India was Mapped and Everest Named''] by John Keay 2000. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Also available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/2000-the-great-arc-how-india-was-mapped-and-everest-named-by-keay-s-pdf/ pdf download], PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display,  locate under Books/Geodesy, Surveying And Astronomy. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3721 Archive.org mirror version].
*[https://archive.org/details/acataloguemanus00offigoog/page/n3/mode/2up ''A catalogue of manuscript and printed reports, field books, memoirs, maps, etc., of the Indian Surveys, deposited in the Map Room of the India Office''] Printed by order of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for India in Council. 1878 Archive.org
:[https://bl.iro.bl.uk/concern/file_sets/e6bb6ee8-6443-49d4-b819-ce192c1b8608?locale=en&_ga=2.90445402.1391013580.1643519540-2134952893.1637567471 Same underlying text, but with handwritten alterations, deletions etc], with a link to a pdf download. British Library bl.iro.bl.uk


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 11:22, 19 August 2023

Sources

  • Historical records of the Survey of India (Dehra Dun, 1945-58) by Reginald Henry Phillimore. Comprises 5 volumes. Available on open shelves at British Library shelfmark OIR.354.54. Includes biographical notes of persons involved in the geographical and historical survey of India (the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India) from 1777 to 1843. Also available to read online, refer "Historical books online" below.

Also see

External links

  • "Colin Mackenzie: Collector Extraordinary" by David M.Blake British Library Journal 1991 pages 128-150. Mackenzie was an officer in the Madras Engineers and had arrived in Madras in 1783. At the time of his death in 1821, he was Surveyor-General of India.
"Spies or Pandits? Colin Mackenzie’s Indian Assistants, 1788 to 1821" 29 September 2017 British Library Untold lives blog.
  • "The Trigonometrical Survey" by FC Danvers (a transcript of an article, possibly that in Quarterly Journal of Science VII 1870 pages 448-458) ces.iisc.ernet.in (archive.org link)
  • "The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India in a Historical Perspective" by Rana Deb Roy Indian Journal of History of Science 21(1):22-32 (1986)
  • Man who mapped India sits forgotten under tree by M T Saju, June 10, 2013, Times of India. This article is about the bust of William Lambton, who launched his work for the Great Trigonometrical Survey on top of St Thomas Mount. On FIBIS on Facebook, Harshawardhan Bosham Nimkhedkar commented on 10 June 2013: Lambton died in Hinganghat, a small town in (the present-day) Chandrapur district of the western state of Maharashtra (about 100 kilometres from Nagpur). He was travelling up north, doing his survey work but fell ill near Hinganghat and died due dysentery. John Keay in his wonderful book The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India [see Historical books online, below] gives the details. Keay also discovered Lambton's crumbling tomb in a Moslem graveyard in Hinganghat and photographed it. Lambton was succeeded by George Everest (pronounced Eve-rest), after whom the world's tallest peak Mount Everest in the Himalayas is named.
  • "Making Mountains out of Molehills? George Everest and Henry Barrow 1830-39" by Jane Insley Indian Journal of History of Science 30 (1) 1995, pages 47-55. Henry Barrow was the first Mathematical Instrument Maker chosen by George Everest to set up and run a workshop for the repair of defective equipment for the Survey of India.
  • Land Surveys Banglapedia (National Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh). It is stated "The objectives of the revenue survey were to make accurate maps of the village boundaries and, sometimes, of the estate boundaries, showing topographical details, compiling certain statistical data for general administrative purposes, and making maps (usual scale: 4 inches = 1 mile and 1 inch = 1 mile) of each village and pargana"
  • A pioneering institution [The Madras Survey School] by S. Muthiah 13 November 2002 The Hindu
  • "Science in British India" by RK Kochhar Indian Journal of History of Science 34(4) 1999 pp317-346. Includes information about Surveys . Page 329 (page 13 of the link) states 'Madras Observatory ran a surveying school from 1794 to 1810 to train teenager European orphaned boys as practical revenue surveyors'.
  • From 1794 the brighter students at the Madras Male Orphanage, usually boys of mixed blood, were recruited to the Survey school.[1]
  • Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1843 – 1929 His Life Story, Chapters 1-5 cover his time in India. (click on the drop down menu). He became a Royal Engineer and he was sent to India on attachment to the Survey Department. His first campaign was in Bhutan in 1865. This led to his permanent appointment to the Survey Department. He subsequently served in the 2nd Afghan War. he was appointed as Surveyor to the Historical Boundary Commission which was to settle the boundary between Russia and Afghanistan, and then Chief Commissioner to settle the boundary between Persia and Baluchistan He was involved with the 1898 campaign against the Afridis, but soon had to retire as he had reached the age of 55. The Holdich Family History Society, now archived. Thomas Holdich Wikipedia. For online books, refer below.
  • "The Spies Who Mapped Great Swathes of South Asia by Foot" by Eleanor Cummins April 17, 2017. atlasobscura.com
  • "The Troubled Land: Arunachal Dispute" by Anant Mishra Asia Times 22 February, 2015. Mentions some of the historical Boundary Lines, such as the Johnson Line, the McCartney-MacDonald Line, and the McMahon Line (scroll down).
  • Colonel Charles & Ida Ryder 1868 – 1945. Royal Engineers and Survey of India, served in India, Burma, China, Tibet, Turco-Persian Boundary Commission, 1917-1918 Mesopotamia in World War 1, Royal & French Geographical Societies, FRGS Gold Medalist, Surveyor General of India 1919-1924. From the drop down menu at the top of the webpage under Colonel Charles Ryder there are links to other sections, including Burma and China 1894-1903; Tibet [1904]; Turco-Persian Boundary Commission 1913-1914 Ryder Archives.
  • Obituary of Colonel Reginald Henry Phillimore 1879-1964 himalayanclub.org (archive.org link)
  • "A British Boy in Wartime Burma" by Richard Hurley, 09 May 2005. bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar. The author's father was an official in the Survey of India, in Burma at the outbreak of war, who became part of a small Survey Group under Brigadier Guy Bomford, who was the Deputy Director of Survey in the 14th Army from 1942 to 1945.
  • "Some Survey Memoirs of South India" by Barry Lewis 24 July 2015. Details memoirs of topographical and revenue surveys sponsored by the East India Company (EIC). barry-lewis.com
  • Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors - RICS, with headquarters in London. Previously the website advised there was a Library enquiry service for Family History which would search the archives for a fee, for biographical details of chartered surveyors. (Previously, for the relevant website page, select Knowledge/Enquires & library/Library services/Library enquiry service). However at 2017/4, this information no longer seems to appear on the website.

Historical books online

Indian Pandits in the Land of Snow by Sarat Chandra Das 1893 Archive.org
Many other volumes of Records are also available on PAHAR.
The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900 by Colonel Sir T Hungerford Holdich 1901 edition, Second and cheaper edition 1909 Archive.org
India by Colonel Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1904 Archive.org
The Gates of India, being an Historical Narrative by Colonel Sir Thomas Holdich 1910. Archive.org.
Political Frontiers and Boundary Making by Col. Sir Thomas H Holdich 1916 Archive.org.
1990 Thomas Montgomerie and the Trans-Himalayan Explorers of the Survey of India by Waller. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Survey of India/(end section). Archive.org mirror version. Possibly 1983 article Annals Assoc.Asian Stud. Southeast Conf. 5: 27-35.[3]
Same underlying text, but with handwritten alterations, deletions etc, with a link to a pdf download. British Library bl.iro.bl.uk

References

  1. West, Shirley. Revenue Surveyor Rootsweb India Mailing List 27 February 2011, archived.
  2. abebooks.co.uk, now an archived webpage.
  3. Page 278 Britain and Tibet 1765-1947: A Select Annotated Bibliography of British Relations with Tibet and the Himalayan States Including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan by Julie G. Marshall, Alastair Lamb 2005