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{{Line Railways Infobox
|image= Howrah Station view 16.jpg
|caption= ''Howrah Station, Calcutta''
|route= [[Howrah]] ([[Calcutta]]) to [[Delhi]]
[[Allahabad]] to [[Jubbulpore]]
|gauge1= Broad gauge
|gauge1details= 1962 miles (1905)
|gauge2=
|gauge2details=
|gauge3=
|gauge3details=
|gauge4=
|gauge4details=
|timeline1date= 1849
|timeline1details= Guarantee agreed with [[East India Company]]
|timeline2date= 1851
|timeline2details= Construction begun
|timeline3date= 1854<br>1867<br>1871
|timeline3details= First train between Howrah and Hooghly<br>First through train to Delhi<br>First through train to Bombay via Jubbalpore
|timeline4date=
|timeline4details=
|timeline5date= 1880
|timeline5details= Line acquired by State
|presidency= [[Bengal]]
|stations= [[Agra]], [[Benares]], [[Hooghly]], [[Mirzapur]], [[Patna]]
|system1date= 1880
|system1details= worked by East Indian Railway Company
|system2date=
|system2details=
|system3date=
|system4details= 
|auxillary forces=
}}


{{System_Railways_Infobox
|image= East Indian Railway logo.jpg
|caption=''East Indian Railway device''
|timeline1date= 1880
|timeline1details= EIR re-formed to work line now owned by State
|timeline2date= 1925
|timeline2details= Management of system taken over by State
|timeline3date=
|timeline3details=
|timeline4date=
|timeline4details= 
|timeline5date=
|timeline5details= 
|company1= 1880
|company1details= [[East Indian Railway]]
|company2= 1889
|company2details= [[Delhi-Umballa-Kalka Railway]]
|company3=
|company3details= [[South Behar Railway]]
|company4= 1885
|company4details= [[Tarkessur Railway]]
|company5=
|company5details= [[Jind-Panipat Railway]]
|company6= 1925
|company6details= [[Oudh and Rohilkhand]] merged into EIR
|company7=
|company7details=
|company8=
|company8details=
|company9=
|company9details=
|company10=
|company10details=
|company11=
|company11details=
|company12=
|company12details=
|headquarters= [[Calcutta]]
|workshop= [[Jamalpur]], [[Lillooah‎|Liluah]]
|stations= [[Agra]], [[Benares]], [[Howrah]], [[Patna]]
|system1date= 1947
|system1details= Eastern Division, [[Indian Railways]]
|system2date= 1952
|system2details= split between [[Eastern Railway|Eastern]] & [[Northern Railway|Northern Railways]] (IR zones)
|system3date=
|system3details=
|gauge1= Broad gauge
|gauge1details= 2225 miles (1905)<br>4011 miles (1943)
|gauge2=
|gauge2details=
|gauge3=
|gauge3details=
|gauge4=
|gauge4details=
|auxillary forces= [[East Indian Railway Regiment]]
}}
Built on the same terms and conditions as the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]] (GIPR), the '''East Indian Railway''' (EIR) was a British company, registered in London, privately owned and financed, operating under license and guarantee from the (British) Board of Control in India and the [[East India Company]] (EIC).
By 1859, the arrangements were "the construction and working of lines from [[Calcutta]] to [[Delhi]], and from [[Allahabad]] to [[Jubbulpore|Juppulpore]] - total, about 1,400 miles. Capital - 12,731,000''l''. This amount has been sanctioned for the works specified, but it is probable that a larger sum will be required. Rate of Interest Guaranteed - 5 per cent. on 11,553,000''l''. capital; 4½ per cent. on 1,178,000''l''. debentures, convertible into shares."
<ref>"Money Market and City Intelligence", ''The Times'', Wednesday, 15 June 1859, #23333, 7a]; Retrieved 17 Dec 2015</ref>
== History ==
Formed in 1845, the EIR was not contracted by the EIC to begin railway construction until 1849 when it became one of the three original guaranteed companies sanctioned to construct experimental lines. It was not until 1854 that the EIR opened its first section from [[Howrah]] to [[Hooghly]]. By 1864, the EIR had arrived in Delhi although it was not until 1871 that the Bombay-Calcutta route was completed when the GIPR reached Juppulpore.
In 1862, the [[Jamalpur]] Locomotive workshops were established. On 15 January 1934, the workshops along with the entire railway colony were destroyed by an earthquake. It took 3 years to rebuild the facility.
The Government of India (GoI) acquired the assets of the EIR on 31 December 1879 while leaving the management to the private company.
Progreesive development of the EIR network continued such that by 1918 there was over 2400 miles (3840km) of broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) track.
<ref>[https://ia801009.us.archive.org/8/items/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System.pdf  " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government  Printing,  Calcutta;  pages 53-61]; Retrieved 17 Dec 2015</ref>
The GoI took over the direct running of the EIR on 1 January 1925.
==== Indian Railways ====
In 1952, the EIR was split to form two zones of [[Indian Railways]].  The Moradabad, Lucknow & Allahabad Division was subsuned into [[Northern Railway]] while the remainder was merged with the [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway]] (BNR) to form [[Eastern Railway]]. This latter merger was not considered a success as, in 1955, BNR was demerged to form [[South Eastern Railway]].
== Organisation ==
By 1914, EIR was organised into the following departments, each with its own workshops with the main ones shown.
# Agency
# Audit & Accounts
# Carriage & Wagon
## [[Lillooah‎|Lilloah]]
## [[Allahabad]]
# Colliery
# Electrical
# Engineering
# Locomotive
## [[Allahabad]]
## [[Asansol]]
## [[Dhanbaid]]
## [[Dinapore]]
## [[Jamalpur]]
## [[Tundla]]
# Medical
# Printing
# Provifent Institution
# Stores
# Traffic
## [[Calcutta]] (Head Office)
## [[Allahabad]]
## [[Asansol]]
## [[Cawnpore]]
## [[Howrah]]
## [[Howrah Goods]]
## [[Delhi]]
## [[Dhanbaid]]
## [[Dinapore]]
## [[Gaya]]
## [[Sahebgunge]]
## [[Tundla]]
== Schools ==
The EIR operated many schools, of which probably the best known was [[Schools#O|Oak Grove School]] at [[Mussoorie]]. Oak Grove School is still associated with [[Indian Railways]] and [[Northern Railway]].
==Branch Lines and extensions==
*[[Barun-Daltonganj Railway]], opened 1902. Section of EIR line
*[[Bhagalpur Badli Railway]], under construction 1907 for EIR
*[[Calcutta Chord Railway]], opened 1931-32. EIR link from Dum Dum to Dankuni over Willindon Bridge
*[[Dildarnagar-Ghazipur-Trighat Branch Railway]], opened 1880. Branch line to EIR main line.
*[[Howrah-Burdwan Chord Railway]], opened 1917. Part of EIR system
==Railways absorbed into EIR==
*[[Delhi-Umballa-Kalka Railway]], formed 1889 as private company, merged into EIR, 1925
*[[Deoghur Railway]], opened 1882. Short branch line linking important pilgrimage centre to main line, initally own agency; merged into EIR, 1911
*[[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]](O&RR), formed from [[Indian Branch Railway]](IBR); nationalised, 1889; merged into EIR, 1925
*[[Patna & Gaya State Railway]], opened before 1881. State line merged into EIR, c.1892
*[[Tarkessur Railway]], opened 1884-85. Worked by EIR; Merged into EIR 1915.
==Lines worked by EIR at some time==
*[[Barharwa-Azimganj-Katwa Railway]], opened c.1914. Branch/Loop line extension to [[Hooghly-Katwa Railway]] worked by EIR.
*[[Central Indian Coalfields Railway]], opened 1927. [[Government of India |GoI]] owned; part worked by [[Bengal Nagpur Railway]](BNR); later amagamated with EIR.
*[[Hooghly-Katwa Railway]], opened c.1914. Branch/Loop line extension to [[Barharwa-Azimganj-Katwa Railway]] worked by EIR.
*[[Jind-Panipat Railway]], opened 1916-17. Originally worked by EIR; later by [[North Western Railway]](NWR)
*[[Nalhati-Azimganj Railway]], opened 1863. Originally  part of [[Indian Branch Railway]](IBR), unique 4ft gauge; worked by O&RR, 1863-72; run as State Rly, 1872; leased to EIR, 1892.
*[[Sheoraphuli-Tarakeshwar Railway]], opened 1885. Branch line opened by the [[Tarkessur Railway]] Co.; worked by EIR.
*[[South Behar Railway]], opened 1899. Leased to the State by South Bihar Railway Co.; worked by EIR.
*[[Thanesar-Kaithal Railway]], opened 1909. Branch line of [[Delhi-Umballa-Kalka Railway]]; worked by EIR, 1909.
==Lines connected to EIR system==
[[Calcutta Port Commissioners' Railway]], opened 1892 and connected to EIR in 1924
== Records ==
Refer to FIBIS Fact File  #4: “Research sources for Indian Railways, 1845-1947” -  available from the [http://www.fibis.org/store/fibis-books-and-publications/bff-0004-research-sources-for-indian-railways-1845-1947/ Fibis shop]. This Fact File contains invaluable advice on 'Researching ancestors in the UK records of Indian Railways' with particular reference to the [[India Office Records]] (IOR) held at the [[British Library]]
An on-line search of the IOR records relating to this railway
<ref>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=IAMS_VU2 British Library “British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue”  - Search]; Retrieved 22 Jan 2016</ref> gives many references. The most important being:-
*'''L/AG/46/11 '''  “Records of the East Indian Railway Company; 1844-1953”
*'''L/AG/46/31 '''  “Records of the India Office relating to the East Indian Railway Company; 1879-1952”
The following employment records are relevant :-
*'''L/AG/46/11/133-137''' "Contracts of appointment, c1858-1925" (possibly not all included)
The above is indexed in
*'''Z/L/AG/46''' "Index to UK Appointments to Indian Railways (1849-1925)"
The following is not included in the index Z/L/AG/46.
*'''L/AG/46/11/138-141''' : "Half-yearly staff lists, 1861-1890 & 1911-1922" (giving ages from 1886).
==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=1989&s_id=1068 List of Indian Railways UK Contracted Staff taken from IOR Series L/AG/46/11]. FIBIS database
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=839&s_id=243 Index to V/13/244 East Indian Railway Staff List 1914]FIBIS database
*"The Indian Railways and a dynasty of Pearce's (1855 to 1930)", ''[[FIBIS Journal]]'',  Spring 2011, Number 25 page 13-16.
*"The Walsh Family and the Cawnpore Massacre"  by Paddy Walsh  ''FIBIS Journal Number 31 (Spring 2014)'' pages  3-15.
::William Walsh  was working  for the East Indian Railway as a Railway Inspector  at the time of the massacre, having joined c 1856-57  after retiring as a pensioned Sergeant, [[Bengal Artillery]].
:For access, see [[FIBIS Journals]]
== Recommended reading ==
*Blair Williams, [http://home.alphalink.com.au/~agilbert/onjama~1.html "EIR at Jamalpur - Anglo-Indian Railway Officers"], ''The International Journal of Anglo-Indian Studies'' (Vol 6, No 2, 2001).
*"The Carriage and Wagon Workshops of the East Indian Railway", ''The Indian Railway Gazette'', 1st February 1908, page 33-35.
*"Development of the East Indian Railway", ''Railway Age Gazette'',  1st August 1913, Vol.55, No 5, page 191-195.
*"East Indian Railway", ''The Railway Gazette'',  1st November 1929, page 21-32 & 113-114.
==Also see==
*[[East Indian Railway Regiment]]
== External links ==
*[http://irfca.org/gallery/Heritage/zonal_logos/DSCN5174.jpg.html East Indian Railway logo]
*[http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?txtkeys1=East+India+Railway Science & Society Picture Library]
*[http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/history_er.html "History of Eastern Railway"], ''Indian Railways Fans Club''.
*[http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/eir_gallery.html EIR Picture Gallery], ''Indian Railways Fans Club''.
*[http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/09/29/stories/2003092900160600.htm How Railways made tracks in India] September 29, 2003 thehindubusinessline.in
*[http://www.trains-worldexpresses.com/400/410.htm Imperial  Indian  Mail] (and other trains)  trains-worldexpresses.com
*[https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf  H.M. Government “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"];  pages 122-126, paragraphs 3.32-3.50
===Historical books online===
**George Huddleston, [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyeastindi00huddgoog#page/n9/mode/1up ''History of the East Indian Railway''] (Calcutta: Thacker, Spink & Co, 1906). Archive.org.  [A second part, published in 1939, took the history to 1924.]
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/bengalassambehar00playuoft#page/358/mode/2up/ "The East Indian Railway"], page 358 from ''Bengal and Assam, Behar and Orissa: their history, people, commerce and industrial resources'' by Somerset Playne and J W Bond 1917 Archive.org
*[http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/148209 ''The Early History Of The East Indian Railway''] by Hena Mukherjee 1960. Pdf download, Digital Library of India
===Published books===
*Mukherjee, Hena. ''The Early History of the East Indian Railway 1845-1879''. Published by Firma KLM Private Limited, Calcutta 1994.
*"[http://www.easternrailwaysealdah.gov.in/WEBForm/ERSC.aspx?action=HT ''Symphony of Progress: The Saga of Eastern Railway 1854-2003'' published by the Eastern Railway in Kolkata 2003]. website of Eastern Railway, Sealdah
== References ==
<references />
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[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:Guaranteed Railways]]
[[Category:State Railways]]

Latest revision as of 17:57, 30 December 2020

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