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=='''Port Novo Iron Works'''==
[[File:Porto Novo Iron Works 1848.jpg|thumb| Porto Novo Iron Works 1848]]
<blockquote>In c.1830 a Mr Heath, then Agent for the East India Company (EIC) proposed the manufacture of iron based on the mineral deposits of magnetic oxide near [[Salem]] <ref name=IndEng>[https://archive.org/stream/indianengineerin02calcuoft#page/368/mode/1up "Indian Engineering", December 3rd 1887, vol 2, pages 368-369]; Retrieved  30 Sep 2016</ref>.


Following trials the Mr Heath formed a Company with works at [[Porto Novo]] on the Coromandel Coast at the mouth of the Vellur River to produce high quality manganese iron <ref name=IndEng/>.
The ores were prepared near [[Salem]] and conveyed by water to [[Porto Novo]]. The charcoal for the works was obtained from the extensive jungle at the mouth of the Coleroon River<ref name=IndEng/>.
The Port Novo Iron Works was therefore the first in India<ref name=wiki>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parangipettai Wikipedia “Parangipettai” (formerly Porto Novo)]; Retrieved  30 Sep 2016</ref>.
</blockquote>
=='''Locomotive Experiments'''==
<blockquote>Captain  [[Arthur Thomas Cotton]] of the [[Madras Engineers]] started experiments with steam engines in the middle of the 1830’s. He first took measurements from a static steam engine which was used to break rocks at the annicut being built across the Coleroon River about 35miles down river from [[Trichinopoly]]. The machine had been built by experiment and operated at a low pressure of 30lb/ft. It was effective and raised the hammer 30 times a minute. Which was about 1:37th HP. The experiments carried out showed what happened when cylinders sizes were altered along with the orifice sizes <ref name=Smith>[https://play.google.com/store/books/details/John_Thomas_Smith_Reports_correspondence_and_origi?id=O5BeAAAAcAAJ “Reports, correspondence and original papers on various professional subjects connected with the duties of the Corps of Engineers, Madras Presidency, arranged  by Capt. John Thomas Smith. T. Smith]; Retrieved  30 Sep 2016</ref>
With this information they arranged further experiments at the Port Novo Iron Works. On the 5th May 1838 they started, by 31st May they had the workings of a locomotive. This unit never ran on rails but was used to power a lathe. It was calculated that the locomotive would run up to 22.5 mph (35Km/h) <ref name=Smith/>.
These experiments were important in the developing the [[Red Hill Railroad]] at [[Chintadripet]] by Captain  [[Arthur Thomas Cotton]]  which was constructed by in 1836 and opened 1837 for the conveying of  granite to be used as road-building material. It was the first railway in India.</blockquote>
==References==
<references />
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:Industries]]

Latest revision as of 17:57, 30 December 2020

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