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'''Indus Valley State Railway'''


''Spelling Note''
*''The spellings used for town names in the 1850-60 is variable. We have given the name as stated in the documents of that time and with the later name in (brackets).''
[[File: Indus Valley State Railway.png|thumb| Indus Valley State Railway]]
The '''Indus Valley State Railway'''(IVSR) was constructed by the Government  to provide a rail link between [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]]  and [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]]. This was to complete a rail connection from the port of [[Karachi]] to [[Lahore]] by linking two lines:-
*The broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) line from the coast at [[Karachi]] to [[Kotri ]], named the ‘[[Scinde Railway]]’  had been built by the ‘[[Scinde Railway Company]]’  and opened in 1861 <ref name=Admin106>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n115/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways 1918” page 106 (pdf115) ]; Retrieved  1 Jan 2018</ref>.
*The broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]])  line from [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]]  to [[Lahore]], named the ‘[[Punjaub Railway]]  had been built by the ‘[[Scinde Railway Company]]’  and opened in Apr 1865 <ref name=Admin106/>.
The section between [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]] and  [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]] was linked by the ‘[[Indus Flotilla]]’  also owned by the ‘[[Scinde Railway Company]]’  thus providing a through service from [[Karachi]] to [[Lahore]].
==Background== 
The ‘[[Scinde Railway Company]]’ with [[William Patrick Andrew|Mr W P Andrew]] as its Chairman made application to the Government for a concession to construct a railway from [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]]  and  [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]] to provide an unbroken rail link.
The following is recorded in a letter dated 4 June 1869 to the Duke of Argyll, Secretary of State for India” from [[William Patrick Andrew|Mr W P Andrew]], Chairman ‘[[Scinde Railway Company]]’
<ref name=Argyll>[http://www.panhwar.com/rarebooks/Scinde%20Railway%20Company%20its%20origin%20and%20policy.pdf “Letter to Duke of Argyll, Secretary of State for India” from William Patrick Andrew] dated 4 Jun 1869 pages 6 and 7 of 85(pdf 11 and 12)</ref>. 
<br>“The Secretary of State for India authorised the [[Scinde Railway Company]]’, in the year 1863, to engage a  staff of engineers for the purpose of surveying the country between [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]]  and  [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]].
Therefore 6 years had passed and clearly no decision had been reached by the Government authorising the railway to be constructed, meanwhile of course, the ‘[[Indus Flotilla]]’ was providing the “missing link” ''(as it came to be known).''
The reasons for the Government to fail to come to a decision are several, all analysed in the later pages of this  letter<ref name=Argyll/>. There were three possible routes each with their own “political aspects; the commercial and the engineering features”:-,
*1st.  Entirely on the left bank of the Indus
*2nd. Entirely on the right bank
*3rd. On the right bank from [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]]  to [[Sukkur]] (about half the whole distance) and crossing the Indus River at [[Sukkur]], thence to [[Mooltan|Mooltan((Multan)]] by the left bank”.
There were significant differences of opinion on the merits of each route with heated discussions and letters. As a consequence by June 1869 there was still no prospect of a decision. By this time it was clear that the construction of this  railway would be a State venture and became named the ‘'''Indus Valley State Railway'''’
Later in 1869 the [[Government of India]] ordered that a [[Rail gauge#Rail Gauge Committee 1869-70|‘Rail Gauge Committee’]] be established in order to recommend the future ‘[[Rail gauge|Rail Gauge]]’ for the railways of India.  There were extreme differences of opinion on this matter [[Rail gauge#Rail Gauge Committee 1869-70|''which are the subject of a separate page'']].  The outcome was that it was determined that the [[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|Metre Gauge ]] would be adopted for all new constructions undertaken by the State.
==Metre Gauge Survey and Construction==
Hence, when the final route was chosen (the 3rd Route), construction commenced  in Nov 1871 to build  a [[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|Metre Gauge]] railway from [[Kotri|Kotree(Kotri)]]  crossing the river at [[Sukkur]] to [[Mooltan|Mooltan(Multan)]]. [[Indus_Valley_State_Railway_-_Survey_and_Construction#Metre_Gauge_Survey_and_Construction|''See separate page for details'']]
== References ==
<references />

Latest revision as of 17:57, 30 December 2020

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