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'''Bokaro Ramgarh Coalfields Railways'''


==Background==
The [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway]](BNR) entered the [[Jharia Coalfield Railways|Jhariah coalfield  ''(see separate page) '']] in 1904 and it was recorded that “the subsequent extension of various loops and small branches, besides innumerable small sidings from both Railway systems and the  [[East Indian Railway]] ‘EIR Grand Chord’ from [[Dhanbad]] to [[Gomoh]] which opened in 1907, enabled full development of every part of the coalfield, including the extension to the west towards the  Bokaro Ramgarh Coalfields <ref>[https://archive.org/details/manbhum01coup/page/174 “Bengal District Gazetteer - Manbhum” by H.Coupland, 1911, Chapter IX ‘Coalfields in Manbhum’, pages 174-5]; Retrieved 11 May 2019</ref>.
The  ‘East Bokaro Coalfield’, covering an area of 208 sq km, was developed first to supply the railways. The main source of coal, even to the present time, is the 21-23m thick Kargali seam. The Bokaro colliery was opened in 1917.
<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=tAwpJuLcrgIC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=Bokaro+Colliery+Railway&source=bl&ots=hTqWeGwhxI&sig=KSorfTrEyw-a8sIfPsizMI-5XRw&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiV2-SV56DQAhVEXBQKHdcJDnM4ChDoAQgeMAE#v=onepage&q=Bokaro%20Colliery%20Railway&f=false Google Books “Natural Resources in Tropical Countries” by Jin-Bee Ooi, page 145]; Retrieved  11 May 20196</ref> .
<br>The ‘West Bokaro Coalfield’ and the ‘Ramgarh Coalfield’ were developed later.
In 1917, L.S.S.O’Malley described the coalfields in the upper reaches of the [[Damodar River|Damodar]] as follows: "Near the western boundary of Jharia field is that of Bokaro, covering 220 sq.miles(570sq.km}, with an estimated content of 1,500 million tons; close by… is the Ramgarh Field, 40 sq.miles, in which, however, coal is believed to be of inferior quality. A still larger field in the same district is that called Karanpura, which extends over 544 sq.miles(1410sq.km} "and has an estimated capacity of 9,000 million tons."<ref>‘Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, Sikkim’  by L.S.S. O’Malley,  p.87, Cambridge University Press, 1917 (paper back 2011)  {{ISBN|978-1-107-60064-5</ref> <ref name = wikiwest>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bokaro_Coalfield Wikipedia ‘West Bokaro Coalfield’]; Retrieved  11 May 2019</ref> .
==The Coalfields==
The  ‘Bokaro Coalfield’ is 40 miles(65km) from east to west and 6½ to 10 miles(10 to 16km) from north to south. ‘Bokaro West’ and ‘Bokaro East’ are two subdivisions of the field separated almost in the middle by Lugu Hill, height 3150 feet(960mtr) <ref>[https://www.insa.nic.in/writereaddata/UpLoadedFiles/PINSA/Vol30A_1964_6_Art11.pdf “A Reflectance Study of Certain Coals from the Bokaro Coalfield, Bihar” by  S.M.Casshyap,  publisher = University of Aligarh]; Retrieved  11 May 2019</ref> 
The  ‘Ramgarh Coalfield’ covers an area of 38 sq.miles(98sq.km) and has total coal reserves of 1,059.20 million tonnes.<ref> “Critical Evaluation of Geo-Environmental  Scenario of Damodar River Basin, India” by Prasoon Kumar Singh, Gurdeep Singh and Brajendra Kumar Tiwary</ref>  <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramgarh_Coalfield Wikipedia ‘Ramgarh Coalfield’]; Retrieved  11 May 20196</ref> .
==Railways==
The following railways are relevant to the ‘Bokaro Ramgarh Coalfields’
* '''Mahuda Junction-Chandrapura-Bermo Branch Line''', 22 miles (35km) ,  from Mahuda Junction to [[Jamuniatand]], via [[Chandrapura]] reached [[Bermo]] Colliery in 1913. The line was jointly worked by EIR and BNR and described as part of the “Bokaro Ramgarh Extension Line” in the 1918 Administration Report <ref name=Admin2>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n11/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways 1918” page 2 (pdf11) ]; Retrieved 22 Apr 2019</ref>.  Note: [[Bokaro]] is 4 miles west of [[Bermo]] and  [[Ramgarh]] is a further 24 miles west,  the title of the line refers to what came later in 1927 westward extension - see  ‘ Bokaro Ramgarh Coalfields Extension Line’ below
* [[Bokharo Colliery Railway|'''Bokharo Colliery Railway''' ''[see separate page)'']]  was connected to the [[East Indian Railway]](EIR)  network in 1916 with the construction of the ‘Jamuniatand Link Line EIR’; this was a ‘EIR/BNR joint line’ with a length of 2 miles(3.2km) from the EIR line at Khanoodih to meet the ‘Bokharo Colliery Railway’ Railway<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n64/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways 1918” page 55 (pdf64)]; Retrieved  11 May 2019</ref> .
*'''Bokaro Ramgarh Extension Line'''  This was the description used in the 1916 Administration Report for Railways and became the 1927 westward extension of the BNR line to Barkakana as follows:-
* '''[[Helsa-Barkakana Railway''' ''(see separate page)'' , later described as '''Chandil-Barkakana BNR Section''']] , 72 miles(116km), opened  1927 <ref name = wikiwest/>, connecting the EIR mainline and BNR network  providing an alternative outlet to the south for coal from [[Bokoaro Coalfield Railways|West Bokharo]]  and the [[Karanpura Coalfields Raiways| South Karanpura coalfields]].
* [[Central Indian Coalfields Railway|''' Central India Coalfields Railway''' ''(see separate page) '']]  also opened in 1927 the ‘Gomoh-Barkakana Railway’. It was extended to Daltonganj in 1929. Later, these lines were amalgamated with East Indian Railway <ref>[http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm “Indian Railway History Timeline”]; Retrieved  11 May 2019</ref> <ref name = wikiwest/> .
==Further Information==
See  page [[Jharia Coalfield Railways]]
<br>and page '''[[Karanpura Coalfields Railways]]
<br>and page '''[[East Indian Railway - Lines owned and worked]]'''
<br>and page '''[[Bengal-Nagpur Railway - Lines Owned and Worked]]'''
== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:State Railways]]
[[Category:Industrial Railways]]

Latest revision as of 17:57, 30 December 2020

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