1st Maratha War

First Maratha War
1777 to 1782
Chronological list of Wars and Campaigns
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Location:
Combatants:
East India Company	Maratha Empire
Result: British victory
Medals:
Links:
Category: 1st Maratha War

	See our interactive map of 1st Maratha War locations and routes on Google Maps

Summary

The British became involved in a dispute beween rival claimants to the throne of the Maratha Empire. The Presidencies of Calcutta and Bombay took opposing views on the matter. Nana Phadnis, the leader of the Maratha chiefs, broke the terms of the treaty with Calcutta and a force under Colonel Cockburn was sent towards Poona. The British were roundly defeated at the Battle of Wargaum (Wadgaon) and forced to sign a treaty relinquishing all territory acquired after 1775. Warren Hastings rejected this treaty and sent another force under Colonel Goddard. After a series of victories the British prevailed and the Treaty of Salbai was signed in 1782.

Poona Expeditionary Force

Colonel Charles Egerton commanding

• 591 European troops
• 2,278 Sepoys
• 500 gun lascars

Bengal Relief Force

Col Leslie (succeeded by Col Thomas Goddard) commanding

• 1st Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• 2nd Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• 4th Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• 5th Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• 6th Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• 7th Btn of Bengal Native Infantry (900 men)
• One Regiment of Native Cavalry
• One Company of Gholundauz (Native Artillery) (100)
• Nawab of Oudh's Candahar Horse (500)

Total 6,600 fighting men with 103 European officers

• Servants and followers 19,000
• Bazaar Department 12,000

Related articles

For further details of events during this period see the following articles

Annexation of Thana	12 December 1774
Battle of Arass	18 May 1775
Battle of Wargaum	12-13 January 1779
Occupation of Dubhoy	18-20 January 1780
Battle of Ahmadabad	15 February 1780
Capture of Lahar	7 February 1780
Battle of Gwalior	3 August 1780
Siege of Bassein Fort	11 December 1780
Battle of Deeg	1780

Biographies

Entries in the Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
Thomas Goddard (1740?-1783)
Warren Hastings (1732-1818)
Nana Farnavis (1741?-1800)
William Popham (1740-1821)

External Links

Maratha Empire Wikipedia
First Anglo-Maratha War 1777-82 Wikipedia
This India list post, thread, and post are about Captain James Stewart, who died 4 January 1779 at Karla (Karlee), the subject of the book Ishtur Phakde. A Gallant Englishman and other studies by C.A Kincaid 1917, which is available at the British Library.
Captain Little's Detachment & the Fort of Jaigarh (or Jaigur) from Nick Balmer’s Sepoys and Griffins

Historical books online

• A history of the Maratha people, Volume 3 (1750-1818) by C.A Kincaid and R B D B Parasnis 1918 (archive.org)
• History of the Mahrattas Vol II by James Grant Duff 1878 (archive.org)
• A journal of the march of the Bombay detachment, across the Mahratta country, from Culpee to Surat, in 1778; commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Goddard: together with the proceedings of the Bombay army, under Colonel Egerton, in their march towards Poonah 1779 Archive.org
• An Historical Account of the Settlement and Possession of Bombay, by the English East India Company, and of the Rise and Progress of the War with the Mahratta Nation by Samuel Pechel 1781 Google Books
• A retrospective view and consideration of India affairs; particularly of the transactions of the Mahratta War, from its commencement to the month of October, 1782 1783 Archive.org
• Memoirs of the late war in Asia: With a narrative of the imprisonment and sufferings of our officers and soldiers Volume 1, Volume 2 by an Officer of Colonel Baillie’s Detachment (William Thomson) 1788 Google Books
• A narrative of the operations of Captain Little's detachment, and of the Mahratta army ... during the late confederacy in India, against the Nawab Tippoo Sultan Bahadur by Edward Moor 1794 Google Books
• "Diary of Samuel Hickson 1777-1785" in Bengal Past and Present, Volume 49 ,Part 1 1935 is available to read online on the Digital Library of India website, commencing computer page 12. The author fought in campaigns against Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan. (Note the website details for this volume record the language as bengali). Refer Online books-Digital Library of India for more details about this site.

• Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency Volume 18, Part 2 Poona (1885) has a section on Mahratha history, including details of the English Expedition in 1778, from page 263 Archive.org
• "Authentic Anecdotes of the Military Life of Major General Hartley" from The Asiatic Annual Register for the year 1799 Second Edition Google Books
• Memoir of the late Lieut.-Colonel Richard Scott (From his Private Journals) from The Naval and Military Magazine Volumes 1, 2 and 3 1827-1828 Google Books and Archive.org

Part 1– Appointed 1768, Part 2- Sir Eyre Coote's Campaigns of 1781, 1782, and 1783, Part 3- Campaigns in India –includes General Stuart's Operations; General Goddard's March; and the Proceedings of the Bombay Army and its Government, Part 4- includes Popham’s Capture of Gwalior; General Goddard’s Operations, Campaigns of Lord Cornwallis, Siege of Bangalore, Part 5 March to Seringapatum

"Lieutenant -Colonel Richard Scott" from The East India Military Calendar: Containing the Services of General and Field Officers of the Indian Army, Volume 1, page 315 by by John Philippart 1823 Google Books