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'''Tramroads, Riverbed Crossings'''
'''Yamuna River, Okhla Canal Construction Tramway'''  


During the dry season the beds of many rivers had soft sandy soils. Trying to cross these with heavy carts, either pulled by hand or by animal, was arduous. Applications were made for funding to lay Tramroads across these riverbeds to enable carts to easily make the crossing during the dry season. Proposals were for tracks to be constructed from wood, stone or a combination of those materials.
The Agra Canal was an irrigation canal constructed from Delhi to Agra between 1869 and 1874. The building of the headworks from the Yamuna River at Okhla was undertaken by the [[North-Western Provinces]] [[Public Works Department]] <ref name =darvill>“Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compliled by Simon Darvill. Published by ‘The Industrial Railway Society’ 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at  http://irsshop.co.uk/India. Reference:  Entry DL14 page 144</ref>.


The tracks would either be lifted before the onset of the monsoons or allowed to be washed away. During the monsoon season the carriage of goods would be continued by boats.
The records show that a 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge ([[Rail_gauge#Standard Gauge|SG]]) tramway was in use to carry stone for the construction. This Gauge was exceptional in India and the records show the probable source of the two SG locomotives despatched from UK in October 1866 and the supply of SG stone wagons in 1871 <ref name =darvill/>.


Captain [[Arthur Thomas Cotton]] of the [[Madras Engineers]] in 1836 suggested that one way of laying tram roads was ‘that viaducts are not carried over the great rivers, but that temporary rails are laid across them during the 10 months in which there are no water in them, and that ferry boats are used in the monsoon’ <ref> British Library IOR/F/4/1867/79385, Page 57. 1836; “Report to the General of Civil Estimates, 1836” </ref>.
The extent of the line and the fate of the locomotives and wagons is not known.
 
'''[[Furruckabad (Farrukhabad) Tramway]]'''.  Approval was given by the Indian Goverment in 1854-55 ‘to lay down a tramway on the river sands’ <ref> British Library IOR/E/4/829, Page 1479. 1854-55; “SN 94 Farm to Messrs. Greenway of Cawnpore of the ferry and bridge at Furruckabad for 6 years at Rs 6,200 per annum They are engaging to lay down a tramway on the river sands”</ref> on the banks of the Ganges at [[Furruckabad]]. This clearly would have been a dry season temporary track but whether it was repeated in subsequent years, or how successful it proved to be, his not known -  no further information has been found.
 
'''[[Gomti River Tramway]]'''.  Authorisation  was given by the Indian Goverment  in 1857 ‘to lay down a wooden tramway on the portion of the Ghazeepore Road which lies in the bed of the River Grountee’ <ref>British Library IOR/E/4/846, Page 641. 1857; “India Public Works department 19 Aug 1857" 'Side Note (393) Expenditure of Rs3000.0.0 sanctioned from the ferry fund (Benares) for laying down a wooden tramway on the portion of the Ghazeepore Road which lies in the bed of the River Grountee’ </ref>. This refers to the road between [[Benares]] (now called Varanashi) and [[Ghazipur]]( Ghazeepore) ,this road required the crossing of the River Gomti ((Grountee) River at Rajwari near the confluence  with the River Ganges . This would be a temporary wooden track used in the dry season.
 
'''[[Madras Tramway Proposals]]'''. Proposals were put forward by the Madras Government  in 1857 for ‘experiments for using tramways instead of common roads were being carried out in the Madras Territories and may be used in the Punjab’ <ref>British Library  IOR/E/4/843 p1238 “Roads, Madras, tramways suggested as substitutes for common roads” </ref>. It would appear that Madras were experiencing similar problems in crossing unstable ground and were developing solutions using temporary tracks.


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category: Tramways]]
[[Category:Industrial Railways]]
[[Category: Tramroads, Riverbed Crossings]]

Revision as of 10:38, 15 February 2017

Yamuna River, Okhla Canal Construction Tramway

The Agra Canal was an irrigation canal constructed from Delhi to Agra between 1869 and 1874. The building of the headworks from the Yamuna River at Okhla was undertaken by the North-Western Provinces Public Works Department [1].

The records show that a 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge (SG) tramway was in use to carry stone for the construction. This Gauge was exceptional in India and the records show the probable source of the two SG locomotives despatched from UK in October 1866 and the supply of SG stone wagons in 1871 [1].

The extent of the line and the fate of the locomotives and wagons is not known.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compliled by Simon Darvill. Published by ‘The Industrial Railway Society’ 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at http://irsshop.co.uk/India. Reference: Entry DL14 page 144
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