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The '''North of India Tramway Company Limited''' was first floated in 1857 with the issue of its Prospectus “Tramroads in Northern India, in connection with the Iron Mines of Kumaon & Gurhwal”  by [[William Patrick Andrew|Mr W. P. Andrew]] <ref name=TramA>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=4KFbAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false  Google Books  “Tramroads in Northern India, in connection with the Iron Mines of Kumaon & Gurhwal”  by W. P. Andrew, 1857. Google Books]; Retrieved on 11 Mar 2018</ref> (Mr Andrew was the Chairman of the [[Scinde Railway Company| ‘Scinde Railway Company’ - ''see separate page'')]] .


'''Note:''' Town name spellings are used in the 1840-50's as given in the Prospectus and Reports. Later names are entered as ''(italics in brackets)''
There is no evidence that the shares were ever offered for sale and certainly the Tramroad was not constructed.
[[File:North of India Tramway Proposed Lines.png|thumb| North of India Tramway - Proposed Route ]]
==Prospectus Route==
The Prospectus states that the Company will be formed by issuance of 50,000 shares of £20 giving a capital of One Million Pounds<ref>ibid page4</ref> and the Company objective is stated as:-
“For the introducing a cheap System of Communication throughout the Province of [[Rohilkhand| Rohilcund''(Rohilkhand)'']] and adjacent territory, connecting the Ganges with the Indus, and also with the Iron Districts of [[Kumaon]] and Gurhwal via [[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh)'']], [[Shahjahanpur|Shahjahanpur]], [[Bareilly]], [[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']], [[Moradabad]], [[Meerut]], [[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']], [[Ambala|Umballah''(Ambala)'']], [[Ludhiana|Loodheana''(Ludhiana)'']] and [[Amritsar|Umritsar''(Amritsar)'']].”
'' '''Comments on Prospectus Route:''' '' ''(Shown as Red line on map).''
*[[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh)'']], is a cantonement area of [[Farrukhabad]] on the River Ganges to  [[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']]:- ''No railway was built on this section as it involved crossing the River Ganges''
*[[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']] via [[Bareilly]] and [[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']] to  [[Moradabad]]:- ''This section was eventually opened by [[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]] as part of their ‘Mainline’ in 1873 ''
*[[Moradabad]] to [[Meerut]]:- '' this section was never constructed. ''
*[[Meerut]], via [[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']], [[Ambala|Umballah''(Ambala)'']], [[Ludhiana|Loodheana''(Ludhiana)'']] to [[Amritsar|Umritsar''(Amritsar)'']]:- ''this section was constructed as part of the ‘[[Delhi Railway]]’ and opened in 1869, becoming the ‘[[Scinde, Punjaub & Delhi Railway]]’ in 1870; becoming part of the ‘[[North Western Railway]]’  ‘NWR Mainline’ following amalgamation in 1886.''
The Prospectus and subsequent Reports places an emphasis on an extension to the “Iron Mines of Kumaon & Gurhwal”. <br>However there are no details of the proposed routes for a tramway or any estimates of cost.
== Kumaon Iron Mine==
The Mine was located in Khurpatal <ref name=Mittal>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4kAOImX9PfwC&pg=PA205&lpg=PA205&dq=khurja+tram&source=bl&ots=d9paJqucEY&sig=_dvUFYdm1v0epiR30xiwtONakXk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjy-Nq08r7SAhWMJcAKHUEwDd0Q6AEIMDAE#v=onepage&q=khurja%20tram&f=false “British Administration in Kumaon Himalayas: A Historical Study, 1815-1947” pages 205-6,  by Arun K. Mittal]; Retrieved  11 Mar 2017</ref>
, which is in the in the [[Kumaon Division]] ''(shown in yellow block on map). ''
<br>It is clear that the ‘'North of India Tramway’ proposal was not adopted.
<br> The following year the [[Kumaon Iron Works Tramway|’Kumaon Iron  Mine’]]  was established  and remained operational for a very short time until 1864 due to  shortages of wood supplies for the smelting [[Kumaon Iron Works Tramway|''- see separate page'']]. 
<br>There is no mention of any Iron Mines in this vicinity in the 1908 ‘Imperial Gazetteer’ <ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_025.gif ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 16, p. 19.’ ]; Retrieved  11 Mar 2017</ref>
==Gurhwal  Iron Mine==
Gurhwal ([[Garhwal District]])  is the western part of the [[Kumaon Division]]  with the village of Pauri the District headquarters''(shown in yellow block on map).
<br> There is no mention of any Iron Mines in this vicinity in the 1908 ‘Imperial Gazetteer’ <ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V12_172.gif ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India’, v. 12, p. 166. ]; Retrieved  11 Mar 2018</ref>.
<br>It is clear that the ‘North of India Tramway’ proposal was not adopted.
==Rohilcund Tramway==
The ‘Rohilcund Tramway’ is the name given in the Report <ref name=TramB>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=4KFbAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false  Google Books  “Tramroads in Northern India, in connection with the Iron Mines of Kumaon & Gurhwal”  by W. P. Andrew, 1857. Google Books]; Retrieved on 11 Mar 2018</ref> with the following routes:-
<blockquote> “Commencing at the station of [[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh'')]], in a northerly direction to [[Shahjahanpur|Shahjehanpoor''(Shahjahanpur)'']], and thence to [[Bareilly]] the capital of [[Rohilkhand| Rohilcund''(Rohilkhand)'']], with a branch to [[Pilibhit|Philibeet''(Pilibhit)'']], and ultimately to Bhurmdeo ''(not idenified)'' . From [[Bareilly]], the line will continue in a westerly direction to [[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']] and [[Moradabad]], and thence to [[Meerut]], and ultimately to [[Delhi]]” <ref>ibid page 7</ref></blockquote>
and goes on to say
<blockquote> “a development southward from [[Shahjahanpur|Shahjehanpoor''(Shahjahanpur)'']], should it eventually be deemed desirable by the authorities, the line would run through the recently acquired territory of [[Oude]] via [[Lucknow]] to [[Benares]], where the Ganges is permanently deep” <ref>ibid page 13</ref></blockquote>
'' '''Comments on  the ‘Rohilcund Tramway’ Route:''' ''
''It is noted that this route is a shorter version than that given in the Prospectus and has introduced branch lines. The first part is exactly the same as the ‘Prospectus Route’:-''
*[[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh)'']] to  [[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']]
*[[Saharanpur|Saharunpoor''(Saharanpur)'']] via  [[Bareilly]] and [[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']] to  [[Moradabad]]
*[[Moradabad]] to [[Meerut]]:-[[Meerut]] is the most northern part of the ‘Rohilcund Tramway’ proposal, from here the route is said to go to [[Delhi]], giving a total of 200½ miles(323km) as shown in the table below.
*There is no mention of any lines to the “Iron Mines of Kumaon & Gurhwal”. 
<br>The report also adds a further 102 miles(134km) by including two branch lines
*[[Shahjahanpur|Shahjehanpoor''(Shahjahanpur)'']] to [[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh'')]], ''exactly the same as the ‘Prospectus Route’ ''
*[[Bareilly]] to [[Pilibhit|Philibeet''(Pilibhit)'']], ''(shown as Green line on map);  This was eventually opened in 1884 as part of the  ‘[[Lucknow-Bareilly Railway]]’, a section of the  [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway|’ Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway System’]] and opened in 1884''
*[[Dhanaura|Dhunowrah''(Dhanaura)'']] to [[Battle of Nugeena|Nugeena''(Nagina)'']], ''(shown as Green line on map). This line was never constructed''
==History==
In 1854-55 Captain Yule, the Deputy Consulting  Engineer to the [[Government of India]], issued a Report on the practicability of the line in the [[Rohilkhand| Rohilcund''(Rohilkhand)'']] district, together with costs of making tramways adapted for animal traction, which the author puts as from £1350 to £2600 per mile; as well as for a railway for light locomotives at from £4350 per mile. This estimate was based on the whole of the iron would have to be brought from England. Mr Sowerby, the Engineer from the ‘North of India Tramroad Company Limited’ confirms these estimates, and adds that if if he can get iron on the spot, it will greatly facilitate the work and lessen the expenses by at least £500 to £1000 per mile, depending on the weight of the rail <ref>ibid pages 8-9</ref>
Mr W Sowerby, Civil Engineer, F.G.S. in his letter of 3 Apr 1857 added the following <ref>ibid pages 18- 29 </ref>:-
<br> “I have followed with little deviation the route suggested by Captain Yule” ... using detailed published maps  and being familiar with “the country through which the line passes. This personal knowledge with the country has enabled me to lay down the line and prepare the estimates, almost, if not quite, as correctly as if I had actually surveyed the ground for this special purpose.”
==Places and Distances==
The following is a tabular statement of the places and distances:-
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1"
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Grand Trunk Line'''.............................................................
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Miles'''...........
|-
| [[Shahjahanpur|Shahjehanpoor''(Shahjahanpur)'']] to [[Bareilly]]
|46½
|-
|[[Bareilly]] to [[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']]
|37½
|-
|[[Rampur|Rampoor''(Rampur)'']] to [[Moradabad]]
|15
|-
| [[Moradabad]] to [[Amroha|Umrohah''(Amroha)'']]
|19
|-
|[[Amroha|Umrohah''(Amroha)'']] to [[Dhanaura|Dhunowrah''(Dhanaura)'']] 
|15
|-
|[[Dhanaura|Dhunowrah''(Dhanaura)'']] to [[Meerut]]
|30
|-
|[[Meerut]] to [[Delhi]]
|37½
|-
| '''TOTAL'''
|'''200½'''
|}
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1"
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Branches'''..........................................
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Miles'''...........
|-
| [[Shahjahanpur|Shahjehanpoor''(Shahjahanpur)'']] to [[Futteyghur|Futteyghur''(Fatehgarh'')]]
|36½
|-
|[[Bareilly]] to [[Pilibhit|Philibeet''(Pilibhit)'']],
|28½
|-
|[[Dhanaura|Dhunowrah''(Dhanaura)'']] to [[Battle of Nugeena|Nugeena''(Nagina)'']]
|37
|-
| '''TOTAL'''
|'''102'''
|}
”The entire length of the line proposed is therefore 302½ miles''(487km)'', and for which estimates have been prepared.”
<br>The breakdown of the costs are then given:-
<br>“302½ miles at £3000 (''for light rails over entire length'') ..... £907,500” giving a “balance of £92,500”.
<br>He goes on to propose the [[Bareilly]] to [[Meerut]] section of 116½ miles(187km) be upgraded due to “very considerable traffic passing over it” thus requiring to heavier rails at a cost of £4,000 per mile. He then proposes deferring the ‘Nugeena Branch Line’ and other options so as to keep the expenditure below the £1,000,000 budget.
<br>He concludes “I am aware of the existence of two other Railway Companies for making railways in Oude; but without being acquainted with the nature of their projects, it is impossible to say how far your proposed extension southwards would interfere with their plans.”
== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:Private Railways]]
[[Category:Railway Surveys]]

Revision as of 11:53, 24 March 2018

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