Massacre at Amritsar
The Amritsar Massacre or Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre occured on 13 April 1919, when over 5,000 unarmed locals, who had gathered at Jallianwala Bagh (garden), Amritsar were fired upon by British Indian Army troops. The crowd was protesting the recently passed Rowlatt Act.
Around 90 troops under the command of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer fired upon the gathering without giving any warning. Once the firing started, there was no escape from the garden as the main exit was blocked by the troops. The troops only stopped firing once they ran out of ammunition. Estimated casualties were 379 killed and 1,200 injured.
Spelling Variants
Modern name:Amritsar
Variants: Amritsir/Umritsar
External Links
- Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Wikipedia
- Amritsar Massacre Google Books
- The Hunter Committee Google Books
- The Butcher of Amritsar Google Books
- Reginald Dyer Wikipedia
- Michael O'Dwyer Wikipedia
- Udham Singh Wikipedia
- The avenger www.sscnet.ucla.edu
- Amritsar uprising 1919 & the 1/25th London Battalion including a detailed account from 25th County of London Cyclist Battalion, The London Regiment
- Jallianwala Bagh: A Landmark in the Struggle for Freedom by Tim Russell 20 March 2013 Readex blog.
- "I had to fire well: Jallianwala Bagh butcher Gen Dyer's testimony" by Abhishek Saha, April 13, 2015 Hindustan Times
Historical books online
- Punjab disturbances, April 1919; compiled from the Civil and military gazette 1919 Archive.org
- Amritsar And Our Duty To India by B.G. Horniman 1920. Pdf download, Digital Library of India. Republished in 1980 in India under the title British Oppression in Punjab.
- India As I Knew It, 1885–1925 by Sir Michael Francis O’Dwyer 1925 is available to read online on the Digital Library of India website, with a choice of three different files. Pdf download for one of those files. in 1885 the author was posted to Shahpur in the Punjab and retired as lieutenant-governor of the Punjab in 1919. His actions during 1919 were controversial.
- Massacre at Amritsar by Rupert Furneaux 1963. Full title: Massacre at Amritsar, etc. [With special reference to R. E. H. Dyer]. Pdf download, Digital Library of India.
- The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre by Raja Ram 1969. Full title: The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. A Premeditated Plan. Panjab University Publication Bureau. Pdf download, Digital Library of India.