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====1911 England and Wales Census====
British Army personnel in India, together with their families appeared for the first time in an England and Wales Census in 1911. [http://www.1911census.co.uk Search] the 1911 census data, free to search, but a pay site to view data. Also available on the pay site [http://www.ancestry.com Ancestry.com] and perhaps other pay sites. This [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/browser.asp?CATLN=3&CATID=12183&GPE=False&DOWN=TRUE&MARKER=37579000&MARKERSCN National Archives] catalogue entry shows the regiments that were included in the 1911 Census. The items (17 in total) are RG 14/34978-34992, 34995, 34997. However, it is probable there were other regiments in India at this time. The census was taken on the night of Sunday 2 April, 1911. Note however, there are is at least one known instance of a soldier and his family known to be in the British Army in India at the time of the census, whose names do not appeat in the census, another indication that the data may not be complete.The 1911 Census also includes similar information for other British Army overseas bases, and returns from ships of the Royal Navy at sea and in ports abroad.
====[[National Army Museum]]====
The National Army Museum's website includes the following Information Sheets which also refer to sources at other institutions
====Absent Voters Lists: 1918- c 1923 (UK)====
Generally arranged by Electoral District. Mainly contain military personnel, but also men and women who were engaged in war-related work who were still living away from home. Sources are major libraries and record offices nearest to the place in question. Some of these records are available online. The [[London Metropolitan Archives]] holds some AVLs to 1939.<ref>[https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/london-metropolitan-archives/visitor-information/Documents/10-electoral-registers-at-london-metropolitan-archives.pdf Electoral registers at London Metropolitan Archives: Information Leaflet Number 10]</ref>, however it appears that information such as a serviceman’s rank, unit and number, only appeared initially for a few years.<ref>[http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/britain-absent-voters-lists-1918-1921 Scroll to Discover more about these records] findmypast</ref> Note however these lists appear to have contained some errors when first compiled.<ref>Reeves, Terry. [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=234798&p=2362732 Compilation of Absent Voters Lists] ''Great War Forum'' 6 February 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.</ref>
*[http://mlfhs.org.uk/guides/researching_absent_voters.pdf Absent Voter Lists]. Guide by Manchester & Lancashire Family History Society. May 2015
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/soldiers/avl.html Finding soldiers through the 1918 Absent Voters Lists] 1914-1918.net
Great War Forum thread [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=214248&hl= Attestation books - where they were sent by the MOD/Nat Archives] started by Justin 11 July 2014</ref> Some of these records are now in regional Record Offices and Archives. The [[National Army Museum]] holds these records for some regiments, including the five Irish Regiments disbanded in 1922.
The attestation records for the Royal Artillery and the Tank Corps are available online on the pay website [[Findmypast|findmypast]], located in the category Armed forces & conflict/Regimental & service records.
Enlistment book records for the Royal Army Service Corps and Royal Army Ordnance Corps are available on the pay website RLC Digital Library, see [[Royal Army Service Corps#External links|Royal Army Service Corps]]
***"British Army, Deserters and Absentees In Police Gazette 1914-1919" . Selected dates only, not a complete range.<ref>Stewart, Graham. [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=230741&p=2296337 New on Findmypast - Deserters and Absentees, Police Gazette, 1914-1919] ''Great War Forum'' 15 August 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015</ref>
**Includes a database "British Army Schoolchildren and Schoolmasters 1803-1932" (located in Education & work/Schools & education)
*[http://search.ancestry.co.uk/search/CardCatalog.aspx Ancestry Card Catalogue of all Record Databases](located as an option under the Search tab). Select the Military filter on the left hand side of the page. Also includes a database for Birmingham, and some of north Warwickshire, Absent Voters Lists (located in Census & Electoral Rolls/Midlands, England, Electoral Registers, 1832-1955).*Forces War Records, a pay website, includes the database "Military Hospitals Admissions and Discharge Registers WW1 Collection",<ref> [https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/military-hospital-records Search the Military Hospitals Admissions and Discharge Registers WW1 Collection] and [http://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/blog/2014/11/12/mh106-the-challenges-of-making-these-wwi-medical-records-available-online? Article about the digitisation] forces-war-records.co.uk</ref> taken from TNA records [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C10949 MH 106: War Office: First World War Representative Medical Records of Servicemen]. It is possible that the FWR database is only a selection of records from MH 106, which in turn is only a sample.<ref>TEW [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=234729&p=2345354 Military Hospitals Admission and Discharge Register: Forces War Record] ''Great War Forum'' 25 December 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.</ref>
===Army personnel serving after January 1921===
:He resigned in 1853 having spent 20 years in the British Army, all in India. However, his years as a Boy were not counted as years of service, so he was not entitled to any pension.
==Social conditions Conditions and activities===== Enlistment term===From the end of the Napoleonic Wars until 1847, men were enlisted for twenty-one years, practically for life. From 1847 enlistment was for ten years, later increased to twelve; with a pension after twenty one years for extended service. From 1870, as part of the Caldwell Reforms, “short service” was introduced, where men enlisted for a period of time in the Army, the balance of time in the reserves (total twelve years). The standard term varied over time, including six and six, seven and five, three and nine, nine and three years, <ref> grumpy. [http://www.victorianwars.com/viewtopic.php?f=27&t=6122 1870: Short Service] ''Victorian Wars Forum'' 17 October 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2016</ref> but terms may have been modified for regiments going to India.<ref>[http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TS19000303.2.59 The British Army. (By The Right Hon Sir Charles W. Dilke)] ''The Star'' , Issue 6734, 3 March 1900, Page 7 Papers Past, National Library of New Zealand.</ref>
===Wives and families travelling to India===
For soldiers deployed from Britain to overseas garrisons only a proportion of men were allowed to be accompanied by their wives. For most countries the proportion was six wives per one hundred soldiers. However for India, and Australia, the ratio was twelve wives per one hundred men, including NCOs. The number of children was unlimited.<ref>Fuller, Tony [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2000-08/0966007649 Women on ships – again] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 11 August 2000. (The author was researching at the Tower Hamlets Library). Retrieved 17 February 2015</ref>
*''The Royal Military Calendar, Or Army Service and Commission Book: Containing the Services and Progress of Promotion of the Generals, Lieutenant-generals, Major-generals, Colonels, Lieutenant-colonels, and Majors of the Army, According to Seniority: with Details of the Principal Military Events of the Last Century Third Edition'' by John Philippart 1820 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ETmnfShFw-8C&pg=PR1 Volume 1], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=vg6zfusHsSAC&pg=RA1-PR3 Volume 2], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=uQt4PleGb8QC&pg=PP11 Volume 3], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=bNbre3lCAawC&pg=PP11 Volume 4], [http://books.google.com/books?id=e_BhWkIKNUoC&pg=PP15 Volume 5]
*''A History of the British Army'' by Sir John William Fortescue. Archive.org. This [http://www.naval-military-press.com/fortescue-s-history-of-the-british-army-complete-set-20-volumes-including-six-separate-map-volumes..html link]<ref>Naval and Military Press</ref> describes the contents of the volumes.
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish02fortuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Volume 2, 1713 to 1763] (1899), [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish03fortuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 3, 1763-1793] (1911), [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish04fortuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 4, 1789-1801] (1906), [http://www.archive.org/stream/ahistorybritish00fortgoog#page/n9/mode/2up Volume 4, Part II 1789-1801] (1906), [https://archive.org/details/historyofbritis05fort Volume 5, 1803-1807] (1910) with [https://archive.org/stream/historyofbritis05fort#page/n465/mode/1up Maps], [https://archive.org/details/historyofbritis06fort Volume 6, 1807-1809] (1910), with [https://archive.org/stream/historyofbritis06fort#page/n480/mode/1up Maps], [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritis07fortuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 7, 1809-1810] (1912), [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish08fortuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 8, 1811-1812] (1917), [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish09fortuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Volume 9, 1813-1814] (1920), [http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/209324 Maps And Plans Vol. 9] (1920) Pdf download, Digital Library of India.[http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish10fortuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Volume 10, 1814-1815] (1920), [https://archive.org/details/historyofbritish11fort Volume 11, 1815-1838] ( 1923) With [https://archive.org/stream/historyofbritish11fort#page/n566/mode/1up Maps]. [https://archive.org/details/historyofbritish12fort Volume 12, 1839-1852] ( 1927) (Maps were in a separate volume) . [http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/236131 Volume 13, 1852-1870] (1930) Pdf download, Digital Library of India. [https://archive.org/details/historyofbritishmap13fort Maps and Plans for Volume 13)] (Two maps of India appear to be missing).**Relating to India: [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish02fortuoft#page/170/mode/2up Volume 2, page 167], [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish03fortuoft#page/48/mode/2up Volume 3 page 49], [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritish04fortuoft#page/402/mode/2up Volume 4 page 402], [http://www.archive.org/stream/ahistorybritish00fortgoog#page/n137/mode/2up Volume 4, Part II, page 711], Volume 5, 1803 to 1807, includes detailed treatment of the situation and operations in the East Indies and Ceylon, [https://archive.org/stream/historyofbritis06fort#page/40/mode/2up Volume 6 page 40], [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofbritis07fortuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume 7 page 563], Volume 11, 1815-1838, includes the War with Nepal, the Pindari War, the War in Ceylon and the War with Burma. Volume 12, 1839-52. This volume is mainly concerned with India, and covers operations in Afghanistan and on the Khyber Pass, together with internal security operations in India itself.::Volume 13, 1852-1870, includes the Indian Mutiny, is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website.
*''British Battles on Land and Sea'' by James Grant. First published c 1873 [https://archive.org/details/cu31924091765655 Volume I: to 1743] [https://archive.org/details/cu31924091765663 Volume II: 1745-1826]. [https://archive.org/details/recentbritishba00grangoog ''Recent British Battles on Land and Sea''] [1875-1884] by James Grant 1884. Later called Volume IV. Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofscottis00murrrich#page/n5/mode/2up ''History of the Scottish regiments in the British Army''] by Arch. K. Murray 1862 Archive.org
*''The Queen's Regulations and Orders for the Army'' [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=G9mgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR3 1 July 1844 3rd edition] Google Books; [http://archive.org/stream/queensregulation00grea#page/n3/mode/2up 1 December 1859] Archive.org; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RCsAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR2 1 January 1868] including [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RCsAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA287 "Discharge of Soldiers", page 287] Google Books; [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c095000452?urlappend=%3Bseq=7 Part I 1889] Hathi Trust; [http://archive.org/stream/queensregulatio00armygoog#page/n9/mode/2up 1 July 1899] Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=GgUHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP5 ''Revised Army Regulations Volume 1: Royal Warrant for the Pay and Promotion, Non-effective Pay, and Allowances of Her Majesty's British Forces serving elsewhere than in India''] dated 27 December 1870 HMSO Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/manualofmilitary00greauoft ''Manual of Military Law. War Office 1907''], published by HMSO. Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/manualofmilitary00greauoft#page/n11/mode/2up Contents], [https://archive.org/stream/manualofmilitary00greauoft#page/712/mode/2up Index]. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.35112105403002?urlappend=%3Bseq=7 ''Manual of Military Law. War Office, 1914. Reprinted 1917''], HMSO. Hathi Trust Digital Library. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.35112105403002?urlappend=%3Bseq=17 Contents], [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.35112105403002?urlappend=%3Bseq=849 Index].
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150320013811/http://historyoffashiondesign.com/part-13-date-unknown-the-cutters-practical-guide-to-cutting-making-all-kinds-of-british-military-uniforms ''Part 13 The Cutter’s Practical Guide to Cutting & Making all kinds of British Military Uniforms'']. Pages from an undated publication, but known to be close to 1902.<ref>Frogsmile [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=225848&p=2241295 Where can I buy a sewing pattern for officer's tunic?] ''Great War Forum'' 20 March 2015. Retrieved 20 March 2015</ref> Pages 2-4 are about rank badges, including those for NCOs, with illustrations. historyoffashiondesign.com, now an archived page.
*[https://archive.org/details/trumpetbuglesoun00ingl ''Trumpet and bugle sounds for the army: with instructions for the training of trumpeters and buglers''] HMSO 1914 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/catalogueofbooks00cockrich#page/n1/mode/2up ''A catalogue of books relating to the military history of India''] drawn up by Maurice J.D. Cockle 1901 Archive.org
*''In Search of the "Forlorn Hope" : a comprehensive guide to locating British regiments and their records (1640-WWI)'' by John M. Kitzmiller, II, Volumes 1 and 2, may be [[Online books#Family History Books| read online]] at a [[FamilySearch Centres|FamilySearch Centre]] on a Family History Library computer.
*[https://archive.org/stream/entericfeverinin00roberich#page/273/mode/1up List of Military Prisons in India 1900-1904] page 273 ''Enteric fever in India …etc'' by Ernest Roberts, Major Indian Medical Service 1906 Archive.org
*[http://digital.nls.uk/indiapapers/browse/pageturner.cfm?id=74905433&mode=transcription "List of Stations at which Military Family Hospitals are Authorized"] An Appendix from ''Regulations for the Medical Services of the Army of India 1930'' National Library of Scotland 'Medical History of British India' digital books.
