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The '''Nepal Government Railway''' was constructed in 1923, a 2ft 6in/762mm narrow gauge([[Rail_gauge#Narrow_Gauge|NG]]) railway constructed by J. V. Collier of the Indian Forest Service to transport Nepalese timber to India. Collier had been assigned by Nepal's Rana prime minister to manage the forest department in Nepal.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Government_Railway Wikipedia "Nepal Government Railway"]; Retrieved 13 Dec 2015</ref>

[[File: Nepal Government Railway.png|thumb|Nepal Government Railway ]]In 1923, a short narrow gauge railway was built by J. V. Collier of the Indian Forest Service to transport Nepalese timber to India. Collier had been assigned by Nepal's [[Rana dynasty|Rana]] prime minister to manage the forest department in Nepal. In the winter of 1924, [[Martin's Light Railways]] |Martin and Co. ]] of [[Calcutta ]] conducted a survey to construct a light railway from [[Raxaul]] in India on the border north to [[Bichako (Amlekhganj]] (in Nepal, about 60km south of Kathmandu)<ref name=Wiki>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Government_Railway Wikipedia "Nepal Government Railway"]; Retrieved 14 Jul 2020</ref>

In the winter of 1924, [[Martin & Company]] of Calcutta conducted a survey to construct a light railway from [[Raxaul]] in India on the border north to Amlekhganj in Nepal, about 37 miles(60km) south of Kathmandu <ref name=Wiki/>. At [[Raxaul]] there was an interchange with the metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) [[Bengal and North-Western Railway]](B&NWR)  Construction of the 2ft 6in/762mm narrow gauge([[Rail_gauge#Narrow_Gauge|NG]]) railway began in March 1926, and the Nepal Government Railway opened on 16 February 1927. Three Engineers were present at the opening ceremony, performed by the King, attended by the Maharaja. These were [[Martin & Company | Mr. Leslie Martin, of Messrs. Martin and Co.]], the engineers, Mr. C. J. Hendry, the Consulting Mechanical Engineer, and the representative of the Statesman, the Chief Engineer Mr. G. C. Das<ref> Railway Magazine May 1927 page 72 ‘The First Railway in Nepal’ </ref>. Stations were at Birganj (4 miles from Raxaul), Parwanipur (mile 8), Jitpore (mile 13), Simra (mile 16) and Amlekhganj (mile 24) <ref name=Hughes>“Indian Narrow Gauge Locomotives 1863-1940” by Hugh Hughes, published by ‘The Continental Railway Circle’ Paragraph 31 Page 64-65 </ref>. The giving a line length of 24 miles(39km).  A 1933 Report recorded:-<br>”The Officer in charge was Mr. W. S. Pedrick, and that the line was (Nepal) Government owned and operated has its southern terminus with a few hundred yards of the metre gauge railhead of the Bengal North Western Railway at Raxaul. From there it runs almost due north through the Terai for a distance of 23 miles terminating at the village of Agnlekhganj. Single line throughout except for the crossing loops at four intermediary stations. The line follows in a general direction taken by the trunk road. In fact, for a considerable portion is laid in the centre of the road. Considerations of first cost no doubted in the alignment being as it is and also the adaptation of the 2ft 6ins gauge but considering the amount of traffic the capacity of the narrow gauge will meet and in fact exceed all demands by the placing in service of a new engine.” <ref> Railway Magazine 3 Jan 1933 page 1’A Visit to the Nepal Railway’ </ref>