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After the Qing Government rejected the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaties_of_Tianjin Treaty of Tianjin] Anglo-French forces tried unsuccessfully to take the Taku Forts in June 1859. In the summer of 1860 a larger Anglo-French force sailed from [[Hong Kong]] and captured the port cities of Chefoo (Yantai) and Dairen (Dalian). They then landed north of Tianjin which they captured. There followed a series of battles as the British and French advanced on Peking. The [[Battle of Pa-li-chao]] in September defeated the Chinese finally and the Summer Palace in [[Peking]] was destroyed. The Convention of Peking ratified the Treaty of Tianjin, the [[opium trade ]] was legalized, China was opened to western merchants and Britain and France were paid a huge indemnity.

11,000 troops under ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hope_Grant General [James Hope Grant|Gen James Hope Grant]]''<br>