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*:''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900'' by Colonel Sir T Hungerford Holdich [https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog 1901 edition], [https://archive.org/details/indianborderland00holduoft Second and cheaper edition 1909] Archive.org*:[https://archive.org/details/india01holdgoog ''India''] by Colonel Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1904 Archive.org*:[https://archive.org/details/gatesofindiabei00hold ''The Gates of India, being an Historical Narrative''] by Colonel Sir Thomas Holdich 1910. Archive.org.*:[https://archive.org/details/politicalfrontie00holdiala ''Political Frontiers and Boundary Making''] by Col. Sir Thomas H Holdich 1916Archive.org.*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1922-routes-in-western-himalaya-kashmir-c-vol-1-punch-kashmir-ladakh-by-mason-s-pdf/ ''Routes in Western-Himalaya Kashmir &c Volume 1 Punch, Kashmir, Ladakh''] [''Púnch, Kashmír & Ladákh''] by Kenneth Mason. Published under the direction of the Surveyor General of India, 1922 and printed at the Office of the Trigonometrical Survey of India, Dehra Dun. [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1929-routes-in-western-himalaya-kashmir-etc-vol-1-by-mason-s-pdf/ 2nd edition 1929, Revised and corrected]. Pdf downloads, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2190/mode/2up 1922 Archive.org mirror version], [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2402/mode/2up 1929 Archive.org mirror version]. [https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5907/mode/2up 1929 File 2] Archive.org. *[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1970-the-forbidden-frontiers-the-survey-of-india-from-1765-to-1949-by-styles-pdf/ ''The Forbidden Frontiers–the Survey of India from 1765 to 1949''] by Frank Showell Styles 1970 Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate in Books/Survey Of India. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3392/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1988-the-pundits-british-exploration-of-tibet-and-central-asia-by-waller-s-pdf/ ''The Pundits : British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia''] by Derek Waller catalogued 1988, other indications are 1990. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Tibet.[https://archive.org/details/punditsbritishex0000wall/page/n3/mode/2up Archive.org Books to borrow/Lending Library]:[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1990-thomas-montgomerie-and-the-trans-himalayan-explorers-of-the-survey-of-india-by-waller-s-pdf/ 1990 ''Thomas Montgomerie and the Trans-Himalayan Explorers of the Survey of India''] by Waller. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Survey of India/(end section). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3639/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version]. Possibly 1983 article ''Annals Assoc.Asian Stud. Southeast Conf''. 5: 27-35.<ref>[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=SZD9--xYamkC&pg=PA278 Page 278] ''Britain and Tibet 1765-1947: A Select Annotated Bibliography of British Relations with Tibet and the Himalayan States Including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan'' by Julie G. Marshall, Alastair Lamb 2005</ref>*[https://archive.org/details/greatarcdramatic00keay/mode/2up ''The Great Arc: The Dramatic Tale of How India was Mapped and Everest Named''] by John Keay 2000. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Also available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/2000-the-great-arc-how-india-was-mapped-and-everest-named-by-keay-s-pdf/ pdf download], PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download button does not display, locate under Books/Geodesy, Surveying And Astronomy.[https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3721 Archive.org mirror version].*[https://archive.org/details/acataloguemanus00offigoog/page/n3/mode/2up ''A catalogue of manuscript and printed reports, field books, memoirs, maps, etc., of the Indian Surveys, deposited in the Map Room of the India Office''] Printed by order of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for India in Council. 1878 Archive.org:[https://bl.iro.bl.uk/concern/file_sets/e6bb6ee8-6443-49d4-b819-ce192c1b8608?locale=en&_ga=2.90445402.1391013580.1643519540-2134952893.1637567471 Same underlying text, but with handwritten alterations, deletions etc], with a link to a pdf download. British Library bl.iro.bl.uk
→External links
==Sources==
*''Historical records of the Survey of India'' (Dehra Dun, 1945-58) by Reginald Henry Phillimore. Comprises 5 volumes. Available on open shelves at British Library shelfmark OIR.354.54. Includes biographical notes of persons involved in the geographical and historical survey of India (the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India) from 1777 to 1843. Also available to read online, refer "Historical books online" below. Volume V, to 1861, may be downloaded as a pdf.
== Also see==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20161014021447/http://www.holdiches.com/sir-thomas-hungerford-holdich-1843-1929/ Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich 1843 – 1929] His Life Story, Chapters 1-5 cover his time in India. (click on the drop down menu). He became a Royal Engineer and he was sent to India on attachment to the Survey Department. His first campaign was in [[Duar War|Bhutan in 1865]]. This led to his permanent appointment to the Survey Department. He subsequently served in the [[2nd Afghan War]]. he was appointed as Surveyor to the Historical Boundary Commission which was to settle the boundary between Russia and Afghanistan, and then Chief Commissioner to settle the boundary between Persia and Baluchistan He was involved with the [[Tirah Campaign|1898 campaign against the Afridis]], but soon had to retire as he had reached the age of 55. The Holdich Family History Society, now archived. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Holdich Thomas Holdich] Wikipedia. For online books, refer below.
*[http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/pundits-mapping-india-british "The Spies Who Mapped Great Swathes of South Asia by Foot"] by Eleanor Cummins April 17, 2017. atlasobscura.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190330174326/http://www.asiatimes.com.au/the-troubled-land-arunachal-dispute/ "The Troubled Land: Arunachal Dispute"] by Anant Mishra ''Asia Times'' 22 February, 2015. Mentions some of the historical Boundary Lines, such as the Johnson Line, the McCartney-MacDonald Line, and the McMahon Line (scroll down).
*[https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/colonel-charles--ida-ryder.html Colonel Charles & Ida Ryder] 1868 – 1945. Royal Engineers and Survey of India, served in India, Burma, China, Tibet, Turco-Persian Boundary Commission, 1917-1918 Mesopotamia in World War 1, Royal & French Geographical Societies, FRGS Gold Medalist, Surveyor General of India 1919-1924. From the drop down menu at the top of the webpage under Colonel Charles Ryder there are links to other sections, including [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/burma--china.html Burma and China 1894-1903]; [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/tibet.html Tibet] [1904]; [https://ryderarchives.weebly.com/turco-persian-boundary.html Turco-Persian Boundary Commission 1913-1914] Ryder Archives.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131126124906/http://www.himalayanclub.org/journal/obituary-5/ Obituary of Colonel Reginald Henry Phillimore 1879-1964] himalayanclub.org (archive.org link)
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/61/a4036961.shtml "A British Boy in Wartime Burma"] by Richard Hurley, 09 May 2005. bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar. The author's father was an official in the Survey of India, in Burma at the outbreak of war, who became part of a small Survey Group under Brigadier Guy Bomford, who was the Deputy Director of Survey in the 14th Army from 1942 to 1945.
*[https://barry-lewis.com/some-survey-memoirs-of-south-india/ "Some Survey Memoirs of South India"] by Barry Lewis 24 July 2015. Details memoirs of topographical and revenue surveys sponsored by the East India Company (EIC). barry-lewis.com
*[http://www.rics.org Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors - RICS], with headquarters in London. Previously the website advised there was a Library enquiry service for Family History which would search the archives for a fee, for biographical details of chartered surveyors. (Previously, for the relevant website page, select Knowledge/Enquires & library/Library services/Library enquiry service). However at 2017/4, this information no longer seems to appear on the website.
===Historical books online===
**[https://archive.org/details/accountoftheoper029737mbp ''Volume XIXA: Descriptions and Heights or Bench-Marks on the Southern Lines of Levelling''] by Colonel S.G. Burrard 1910 Archive.org
*''Records of the Survey Of India Volume XVII'' [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n1/mode/2up ''Memoir On Maps Of Chinese Turkistan and Kensu from the Surveys made during Sir Aurel Stein’s Explorations 1900-1, 1906-8, 1913-1915''] by Aurel Stein, Indian Archaelogical Survey 1923 (Trigonometrical Survey Office, Dehra Dun) [http://archive.org/stream/1923MemoirOnMapsOfChineseTurkistanBySteinS/1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s#page/n223/mode/2up Photographs], following page 208. Note this book/file does not contain any maps. Archive.org
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1925-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-20-the-war-record-s-pdf/ ''Records of the Survey of India, Volume 20. The War Record 1914-1920''] 1925. If the download button does not display, locate in Books/Survey Of India, or [https://pahar.in/?wpfb_dl=21751 Direct link] PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. [https://books.google.com.au/books?vidid=MINN:31951000606636w jAFEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR3 Google Books version](now full view). [https://archive.org/details/records-survey-india-vol.-20 Archive.org version]. Work of Royal Engineers and other staff of the Survey of India mapping in various theatres of war, Public Domain in USAMesopotamia, Kurdistan, Macedonia, Arabia, Persia, Palestine, East Africa and Afghanistan.
:Many other volumes of ''Records'' are also available on PAHAR.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210463/page/n5/mode/2up ''Records Of The Survey Of India Vol-XXII Exploration Of The Shaksgam Valley And Aghil Ranges 1926''] by Major Kenneth Mason RE 1928 Archive.org.
**[https://archive.org/details/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore ''Volume IV 1830 to 1843 George Everest'' [Surveyor General and Superintendent<nowiki>]</nowiki>] published 1958 Archive.org
***[https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n11/mode/2up Contents], [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n463/mode/2up Biographical Notes] page 415, [https://archive.org/stream/HistoricalRecordsOfSurveyOfIndiaVol4ByPhillimore/Historical%20Records%20of%20Survey%20of%20India%20Vol%204%20by%20Phillimore#page/n529/mode/2up Index] page 477
**''Volume V 1844-1861'', published 1968, (first published 1964) may be downloaded as a pdf from [http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/rarebooks/ Digital Himalaya at University of Cambridge, UK],(scroll down) (as may earlier volumes) (large files up to 47 MB). Also available as a pdf download [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1968-historical-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-5-by-phillimore-s-pdf/PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]. If download button does not display locate under Books/Survey Of India/RH Phillimore and the Historical Records. [https://archive.org/details/historical-records-of-the-survey-of-india-05/Historical%20Records%20of%20the%20Survey%20of%20India_05/mode/2up Archive.org edition] also containing Volumes 1-4. [https://archive.org/details/1968-historical-records-of-survey-of-india-vol-5-by-phillimore-s-volume-v Vol. 5, File 2 Archive.org]. <br>Volume V was withdrawn by the Indian Government soon after it was published, because of political reasons<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141130063031/http://www.abebooks.co.uk/HISTORICAL-RECORDS-SURVEY-INDIA-Volumes-Phillimore/5703551383/bd abebooks.co.uk, now an archived webpage.]</ref> [strategic sensitivity of some of the subject matter], so it is not widely available.
*[https://archive.org/details/GeographicalSurveyingInIndia "Geographical Surveying In India"] by Colonel Sir T H Holdich 1898 Paper XI,'' Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers: Occassional Papers Volume XX˜IV 1898'' pages 289-305 Archive.org
== References ==
