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[[File:The '''Bengal and North-Western Railway ''' (B&NWR) was a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) railway owned and worked by the ‘Bengal and North Western Railway Map 1909Company ‘(registered 23 October 1882, dissolved October 1946).png|thumb|Bengal <br> In 1890 the company took over management of the ‘[[Tirhoot State Railway]]’(TSR) and managed a number of further lines up until 1943<br>The ‘Bengal and North-Western Railway’ was merged into the ‘[[Oudh and Tirhut Railway Railway Map 1909]]’ on 1 January 1943
The '''Bengal and North-Western Railway''' (B&NWR) was a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) railway.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n165/mode/2up "Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 157-162]; Retrieved 19 Feb 2016</ref>==History==The Bengal ‘Bengal and North Western Railway Company came ‘came into being in October 1882 as a result of an agreement made with the Secretary of State for India. The government had started work in 1881 on constructing a rail link between [[Patna]] and [[Bahraich]], along the Ghaghara River. The company agreed to complete the construction works and, in consideration of that investment, the government would provide a tranche of land without charge (instead of providing a guaranteed return). Once constructed the company became responsible for the railway’s operation under the concession agreement
In 1890 On 1 January 1943, the company took over management Government of India nationalised the B&NWR and amalgamated it with the [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway]] and the [[Tirhoot Lucknow-Bareilly State Railway]]to form the [[Oudh and Tirhut Railway]] which subsequently, and managed further lines up until 1943in 1952, became part of '''North Eastern Railway''', a zone of Indian Railways.<ref name=name/> ==B&NWR Lines Owned and Worked==[https[File://wwwBengal and North-Western Railway Railway Map 1909.govpng|thumb|B&BNR Lines Owned and Worked , 1909]][[File:B&NWR Lines Owned and Worked 1937.uk/government/uploads/png|thumb| B&NWR Lines Owned and Worked , 1937]]The B&NWR system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330, (including the ‘[[Tirhoot State Railway]]’), eventually comprising a complicated network of lines on the left (north) bank of the Ganges between [[Katihar]] in the east and [[Lucknow]] in the west . The northernmost of which lies along the Nepal Frontier, whereit is in close touch for a length of about 400 miles.pdf Its southern boundary is for the most part the Ganges, and includes within its area the whole of the trans-Gogra districts with Great Britainmost of Bihar. Law Commission, “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law The lines run through an especially fertile area of land between the Ganges and Gogra rivers known as the Doab. Doab literally means land lying between two confluent rivers. Most of the trade was born by these rivers and the railway has many spur lines to ghats on both rivers To the east it is bounded by the [[Eastern Bengal Railway]](RepealsEBR) Bill; April 2012"on the west by the [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway]](R&KR); page 118, paragraph 3to the south by the [[East Indian Railway]](EIR) and [[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]](O&RR) broad-gauge lines Also links up with the [[Rajputana-Malwa Railway]](RMR) metre-gauge system at Cawnpore.15. Retrieved 19 Feb 2016</ref>
The In 1905 there was 1468 miles(2363km) of metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) in the B&NWR eventually comprising a complicated network of lines on the left Network, (north) bank of 902 miles plus the Ganges between 566 miles ‘[[KatiharTirhoot State Railway]] (TSR)’)<br>By 1918 this increased to 2046 miles(3293km); (1242 miles plus 804 miles TSR) <ref name=Admin1918>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n165/mode/2up "Administration Report on the Railways in the east India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 157-162]; Retrieved 16 Apr 2020</ref><br>and by 1937 there was 2108 miles(3392km); (1270 miles plus 740 miles TSR)<ref name=Admin1937>https://ia801605.us.archive.org/30/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.36650/2015.36650.India-Railway-Board-History-Of-Indian-Railways-Constructed-And-In-Progress.pdf US Archive .org pdf download of ‘History Of Indian Railways, constructed and in progress’, 31 March 1937 by ‘The Government of India – Railway Department’pages 11-20, pdf 32-41]; Retrieved 16 Apr 2020</ref> [[LucknowB&NWR Lines Owned and Worked|''See separate page'' '''B&NWR Lines Owned and Worked''' ''for full details of all lines'' ]] in the west.
On 1 January 1943, the Government of India nationalised the ==B&NWR Railway Workshops==The B&NWR and amalgamated it with constructed a number of workshops over the years at [[Rohilkund and Kumaon RailwaySonpur]] and the , [[Lucknow-Bareilly State RailwayGorakhpur]] to form the and [[Oudh and Tirhut RailwaySamastipur]] which subsequently, in 1952, became part of '''North Eastern Railway''', a zone of Indian Railways.<ref name=name/>
===Bengal & North Western main line===[[B&NWR main line was 301 miles long [[Metre gauge]] consisting of following sections:* Sonepur to Mankapur (219 miles) opened 15 January 1885* Mankapur to Gonda (17 miles) opened 2 April 1884* Gonda to Colonelganj (18 miles) opened (29 October 1891) 1 February 1892* Colonelganj to Jarwal Road (11 miles) opened 1 February 1892* Jarwal Road to Bahramghat (5 miles) (including [[Elgin Bridge, BarabankiRailway Workshops|Elgin Bridge]]) opened 18 December 1896* Bahramghat to Burhwal (4 miles) opened 24 November 1896* Burwhal to Barabanki (Broad gauge: 17 miles) opened 1 April 1872** Burhwal to Barabanki (Broad to Mixed gauge) converted 24 November 1896** Burhwal to Barabanki (Mixed to Metre gauge) converted around 1943* Chupra-Benares-Allahabad Branch (Metre Gauge) first section opened 1891, extended to Jhusi 1909, [[Izat Bridge]] 1912, [[Allahabad]] 1913 <ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#''See separate page/n166/mode/1up "Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government '' Printing, Calcutta; page 158'''B&NWR Railway Workshops''']]; Retrieved 20 Jul 2016</ref>.* Dighwara-Goldingganj diversion (7 miles) opened around 1960* Barabanki to Chhapra (Metre to Broad gauge) converted 1981* Chhapra Kacheri to Dighwara (Metre to Broad gauge: 10 miles) converted autumn 2006
complete re-writer, sub headings created, map add etc
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<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf Great Britain. Law Commission, “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"]; page 118, paragraph 3.14. Retrieved 19 Feb 2016</ref>
The B&NWR Agent and Chief Engineer was [[Alexander Izat]] from February 1883, 'on loan' from the [[Public Works Department]] <ref>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Alexander_Izat Grace's Guide "Alexander Izat"]; Retrieved on 20 Jul 2016</ref>, a post which he held till the 31st May 1904 when he joined the Home Board as Managing Director <ref> [https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=123274 India Office Records “Bengal and N.W. Ry., Opening of Izat Bridge at Allahabad, on 31st October, 1912”. Photo 1082/13(5) ]; Retrieved 20 Jul 2016</ref>.
An outstanding tribute was paid to [[Alexander Izat]] in 1912 - see the Inaugeration of the [[Izat Bridge]]
In 1890 the company took over management of the ‘[[Tirhoot State Railway]]’(TSR) and managed a number of further lines up until 1943 <ref name=name>[https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf Great Britain. Law Commission, “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"]; page 118, paragraph 3.15. Retrieved 19 Feb 2016</ref>.
Later, following retirement of [[Alexander Izat]] in 1904, [[James Rennie Izat]], the eldest son became the B&NWR Chief Engineer <ref>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/James_Rennie_Izat Grace's Guide "James Rennie Izat"]; Retrieved on 21 Jul 2016</ref>, and later the B&NWR Agent and General Manager, with headquarters at [[Gorakhpur]] <ref name=gazette>[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35951/page/1373/data.pdf "The London Gazette 23 March ]; Retrieved on 21 Jul 2016</ref>. [[William Rennie Izat]], a younger son was the B&NWR Chief Engineer <ref>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/W._R._Izat Grace's Guide "W R Izat"]; Retrieved on 21 Jul 2016</ref>. ''It has not been possible to determine these dates''.
===Lines worked by B&NWR=Railway Constructions==*[[Benares City Branch Railway]]Elgin Bridge, opened as branch of [[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]](O&RR) 1899; however worked by B&NWR*[[Cawnpore-Barabanki Railway]], opened 1896; worked Jointly between B&NWR and [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway]](R&KR) networks*[[Darbhanga State Railway]], opened 1883-84 as Nirmali Branch of [[Tirhoot State Railway]](TSR); worked by B&NWR 1886-1890; then reverted to TSR*[[Nirmali Branch Railway]], alternative name for [[Darbhanga State Railway]] |''See separate page'' *[[Masharak-Thawe Extension Railway'''Elgin Bridge''']], opened 1931, worked by B&NWR*[[Patna-Baraich Railway]], constucted by B&NWR under arrangement with Government of India([[Government of India Izat Bridge|GoI''See separate page'' '''Izat Bridge''']]); first phase opened 1884 and worked by B&NWR. *[[Sagauli-Raxaul Railway]],opened 1899, included under B&NWR, 1904*[[Tirhoot State Railway]](TSR), opened 1874. Temporary famine relief line; worked by B&NWR 1886-1890; then independent but included as part of B&NWR network. [[Tirhoot State RailwayInchcape Bridge|''See separarate separate page for full information'' '''Inchcape Bridge''']]
==Records==
