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:*"Thomas Hagger An Indian Army Veterinary Surgeon in Australia" by John Fisher commences page 5 of this [http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/2123/234/1/avhs_012.pdf Australian Veterinary History Society 1995 Newsletter] pdf and mentions the trade in Australian horses to India c early 1840's.
:*An article 'European Orphans and Vagrants in India in the Nineteenth Century' by David Arnold in ''Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History'' , Volume 7,January 1979, number 2, pages 117 and 121 says
::A primary source of vagrants in the 1860s and 1870s, involved horse grooms from Australia. In order to get men to accompany the horses shipped to India, mainly from Melbourne, shippers spread fabulous reports of the abundance of well paid jobs and the easy living to be had in India. The grooms signed up only for the voyage and once the horses had been landed at Calcutta, Madras or Colombo they were discharged. For most of them jobs proved impossible to find, their pay was soon exhausted and they were left destitute.....The 1869 Act specified that those vagrants who could not find work “after a reasonable period of time ‘could be deported, subject to their own consent .The costs of deportation were to be borne by the state, and the deported vagrant was prohibited from returning to India for at least five years. An attempt was made to charge Australian horse shippers and their agents for the cost of deporting grooms left destitute in Indian ports, but a few test cases were sufficient to show the impossibility of making shippers pay. The threat of prosecution and fines did, however, contribute to the decline in the numbers of grooms left stranded in India.
:The end notes of this article refer to a reference: 'In Charge of Horses from Melbourne to Madras' by ‘An Amateur Groom’, reprinted from ''Englishman’s Weekly Journal'', 15 July 1871, in ''India Legislative Procs''., no 44, 10 April 1874. Both these publications appear to be available at the [[British Library]], although its holding of the first publication catalogued under the alternative title ''Englishman's Saturday Evening Journal'' (published in Calcutta) 'lacks scattered issues'. '''Update''' ''The Englishman's Overland Mail'' of 15 July 1871 is now available on [[Findmypast]], see [https://search.findmypast.co.uk/bna/viewarticle?id=bl%2f0002921%2f18710715%2f001 Findypast link], however no article of this title appears, so it is unclear whether these two titles are exactly the same. However the article, or possibly extracts, is available on Findmypast in the ''Times of India'' 10 July 1871 , page 5 , 6-7th columns, noted to be originally in ''Madras Mail'' July 4 [1871]. [https://search.findmypast.co.uk/bna/viewarticle?id=bl%2f0002850%2f18710710%2f085&stringtohighlight=horses%20melbourne%20madras Findmypast link] (scroll down). These two links are only available for signed in findmypast subscribers.
==Jockeys==
