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{{Places of Interest|title=Surat|name=Surat |link=xxxxx}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Surat|name=Surat |link=xxxxx}}


'''Surat''' is a port city on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat Gulf of Cambay]. It was first used by the British [[East India Company]] in 1608. In 1615 it was the location of the second [[East India Company Factories|British factory]] and settlement in India and the seat of the Western Presidency until the Company's headquarters was transferred to [[Bombay]] in 1687. It was the headquarters of [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_156.gif Surat District] in [[Bombay (Presidency)|Bombay Presidency]] during the British period.  
'''Surat''' is a port city on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat Gulf of Cambay]. It was first used by the British [[East India Company]] in 1608. In 1615 it was the location of the second [[East India Company Factories|British factory]] and settlement in India and the seat of the Western Presidency until the Company's headquarters was transferred to [[Bombay]] in 1687. It was the headquarters of [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_156.gif Surat District] in [[Bombay (Presidency)|Bombay Presidency]] during the British period. See [[Bombay Districts]].


== Cemeteries==
== Cemeteries==
* Dutch Cemetery
* Dutch Cemetery
* English Cemetery dates from 1600s - for detail and some tomb images see [http://dro.dur.ac.uk/3774/ The English cemetery at Surat : pre-colonial cultural encounters in western India]. Durham University
* English Cemetery dates from 1600s  
 
:Refer External links, below.
== Railways ==
== Railways ==
Surat was originally the southern terminus of the [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]] until that line was extended to [[Bombay]]. A broad gauge branch ran eastwards along the Tapti valley to connect with the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]] at [[Amalner]] in [[Khandesh]].
Surat was originally the southern terminus of the [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]] until that line was extended to [[Bombay]]. A broad gauge branch ran eastwards along the Tapti valley to connect with the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]] at [[Amalner]] in [[Khandesh]].
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*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=23&objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_170.gif Surat City] Imperial Gazetteer
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=23&objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_170.gif Surat City] Imperial Gazetteer
*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1700_1799/malabar/surat/surat.html Surat]  from [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1700_1799/malabar/malabar.html From the Gulf of Cambay on down the Malabar Coast, c.1700s-1850s: ports (with forts)] from Prof Fran Pritchett’s [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routes/index.html#dates  Indian Routes] (Columbia University)
*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1700_1799/malabar/surat/surat.html Surat]  from [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1700_1799/malabar/malabar.html From the Gulf of Cambay on down the Malabar Coast, c.1700s-1850s: ports (with forts)] from Prof Fran Pritchett’s [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routes/index.html#dates  Indian Routes] (Columbia University)
*[http://dro.dur.ac.uk/3774/ "The English cemetery at Surat : pre-colonial cultural encounters in western India"] by  C Scarre and J Roberts, ''Antiquaries journal    85'', 2005 . pp. 250-291.  [http://dro.dur.ac.uk/3774/1/3774.pdf  Direct Pdf link] Durham University website,
*[https://thewire.in/history/surats-forgotten-cemeteries "Of Surat's Neglected Colonial Cemeteries and the Grandiose Dreams of the Nabobs"] by Sidharth Bhatia 28 April 2018. thewire.in
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-20038986 Images from a 16th century book]  by Italian adventure traveller Ludovico De Varthema. De Varthema toured India extensively from 1502 to 1508. The book was first published in Rome in 1510 www.bbc.co.uk. Includes images of the Kingdom of Cambay
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-20038986 Images from a 16th century book]  by Italian adventure traveller Ludovico De Varthema. De Varthema toured India extensively from 1502 to 1508. The book was first published in Rome in 1510 www.bbc.co.uk. Includes images of the Kingdom of Cambay
*[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/First-English-factory-in-India-in-ruins/articleshow/20622537.cms First English factory in India in Ruins] timesofindia.com
*[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/First-English-factory-in-India-in-ruins/articleshow/20622537.cms First English factory in India in Ruins] timesofindia.com


===Historical books online===
===Historical books online===
*''The travels of Pietro della Valle in India : from the old English translation of 1664'', edited by Edward Grey (late Bengal Civil Service) 1892 Archive.org [https://archive.org/details/travelsofpietrod00dell Volume I], [https://archive.org/details/travelspietrode00havegoog Volume II]. Pietro della Valle arrived in India  10 February 1623 at Surat, embarking from Goa  16 November 1624.
*[https://archive.org/details/cihm_32096 ''A geographical description of the four parts of the world taken from the notes & workes of the famous Monsieur Sanson, geographer to the french king, and other eminent travellers and authors. To which are added the commodities, coyns, weights, and measures of the chief places of traffick in the world, compared with those of England, (or London) as to the trade thereof. Also, a treatise of travel, and another of traffick, wherein the matter of trade is briefly handled: the whole illustrated with variety of useful and delightful mapps and figures''] by Richard Blome 1670 Archive.org
**[https://archive.org/stream/cihm_32096#page/n67/mode/2up  India] page  49. “His atlas is full of information that merchants needed to conduct business overseas, with sections on each part of the world. The section on ‘India or the East Indies’ gives details of goods available at important trading centres such as Surat, the East India Company’s first base in India. Other information vital to traders is explained, for instance on coins, weights and measures. <ref>[http://blogs.bl.uk/untoldlives/2017/09/east-india-company-trade-with-the-east-indies.html East India Company trade with the East Indies] 05 September 2017 British Library Untold Lives Blog.</ref> Unfortunately the text may be difficult to read at times. Also available in the Gale subscription database "The Making of the Modern World: The Goldsmiths'-Kress Library of Economic Literature 1450-1850", see [[Subscription websites-online newspapers, journals and directories|Subscription websites]], for suggested  access, as possibly the text may be clearer.
*[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/JQU5IHNH6UGILO5L3VB662KPJHNTRGDF ''A new account of East-India and Persia : : in eight letters being nine years travels, begun 1672 and finished 1681''] by John Fryer 1698 London. Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek. Includes  Surat.
*[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/JQU5IHNH6UGILO5L3VB662KPJHNTRGDF ''A new account of East-India and Persia : : in eight letters being nine years travels, begun 1672 and finished 1681''] by John Fryer 1698 London. Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek. Includes  Surat.
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=NmpCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR4 ‪ ''A Voyage to Suratt: In the Year, 1689'']‬ by John Ovington. Chaplain to his Majesty. 1696 Google Books
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=NmpCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR4 ‪ ''A Voyage to Suratt: In the Year, 1689'']‬ by John Ovington. Chaplain to his Majesty. 1696 Google Books
:[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.234161 ''A Voyage To Surat In The Year 1689''] by John Ovington, edited by H G Rawlinson, with commentary, 1929. Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India. Some words may be missing due to the scanning. [https://archive.org/details/voyagetosuratiny00jovi/page/n7/mode/2up 1994 reprint of the 1929 edition] Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_7oFZAAAAYAAJ ''An account of the trade in India: containing rules for good government in trade, price courants, and tables: with descriptions of Fort St. George, Acheen, Malacca, Condore, Canton, Anjengo, Muskat, Gombroon, Surat, Goa, Carwar, Telichery, Panola, Calicut, the Cape of Good-Hope, and St. Helena... To which is added, An Account of the Management of the Dutch in their Affairs in India''] by Charles Lockyer 1711 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_7oFZAAAAYAAJ#page/n15/mode/2up Contents]
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=71UOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA317 "Origin of the English Establishment, and of the Company's Trade, at Broach and at Surat"] page 317  ''Historical fragments of the Mogul empire, of the Morattoes, and of the English concerns in Indostan from the year MDCLIX; origin of the company's trade at Broach and Surat, and a general idea of the government and people of Indostan; to which is prefixed an account of the life and writings of the author''  by Robert Orme 1805 Google Books. First published 1782
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=71UOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA317 "Origin of the English Establishment, and of the Company's Trade, at Broach and at Surat"] page 317  ''Historical fragments of the Mogul empire, of the Morattoes, and of the English concerns in Indostan from the year MDCLIX; origin of the company's trade at Broach and Surat, and a general idea of the government and people of Indostan; to which is prefixed an account of the life and writings of the author''  by Robert Orme 1805 Google Books. First published 1782
*[http://archive.org/stream/britishbeginning00rawlrich#page/n9/mode/2up ''British Beginnings in Western India 1579-1657 : An account of the early days of the British factory at Surat''] by H G Rawlinson MA (1920) archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/britishbeginning00rawlrich#page/n9/mode/2up ''British Beginnings in Western India 1579-1657 : An account of the early days of the British factory at Surat''] by H G Rawlinson MA (1920) archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.108302/page/n7/mode/2up ''Surat in the Seventeenth Century''] by Balkrishna Govind Gokhale 1978. Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies, Monograph Series No. 28. Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India.
*[https://archive.org/stream/b21452404#page/458/mode/2up "Surat"] page 458 ''Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Sanitary State of the Army in India : with Abstract of Evidence, and of Reports Received from Indian Military Stations'' 1864 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/stream/b21452404#page/458/mode/2up "Surat"] page 458 ''Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Sanitary State of the Army in India : with Abstract of Evidence, and of Reports Received from Indian Military Stations'' 1864 Archive.org


==References==
<references/>
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Latest revision as of 06:26, 28 October 2020

Surat
[[Image:|250px| ]]
Presidency: Bombay (Presidency)
Coordinates: 21.195293°N 72.819771°E
Altitude: 13 m (43 ft)
Present Day Details
Place Name: Surat
State/Province: Gujarat
Country: India
Transport links
Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway
Tapti Valley Railway
FibiWiki Maps
See our interactive map of this location showing
places of interest during the British period
[xxxxx Surat]



Surat is a port city on the Gulf of Cambay. It was first used by the British East India Company in 1608. In 1615 it was the location of the second British factory and settlement in India and the seat of the Western Presidency until the Company's headquarters was transferred to Bombay in 1687. It was the headquarters of Surat District in Bombay Presidency during the British period. See Bombay Districts.

Cemeteries

  • Dutch Cemetery
  • English Cemetery dates from 1600s
Refer External links, below.

Railways

Surat was originally the southern terminus of the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway until that line was extended to Bombay. A broad gauge branch ran eastwards along the Tapti valley to connect with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway at Amalner in Khandesh.

External links

Historical books online

A Voyage To Surat In The Year 1689 by John Ovington, edited by H G Rawlinson, with commentary, 1929. Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India. Some words may be missing due to the scanning. 1994 reprint of the 1929 edition Archive.org.

References

  1. East India Company trade with the East Indies 05 September 2017 British Library Untold Lives Blog.