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'''Kulasekharapatnam-Tissianvillai Light Railway''', later known as ''' Kulasekharapatnam Light Railway'''
[[File: Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway.png|right|400px| Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway, 1931 Map]]
'''Kulasekharapatnam Tissianvillai Light Railway''',  
<br>later known as the  '''Kulasekharapatnam Light Railway'''
<br>later to become the  '''Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway'''


The Kulasekharapatnam-Tissianvillai Light Railway was established in 1914 linking the sugar growing area of [[Tissianvillai]] ''(modern day Tisaiyanvilai)'' to [[Kulasekharapatnam]] at the extreme end southern tip of India.
==History==
The '''Kulasekharapatnam Tissianvillai Light Railway''' was established in 1914 linking the sugar growing area of [[Tissianvillai]] (modern day Tisaiyanvilai) to [[Kulasekharapatnam]] at the extreme end southern tip of India.
<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulasekharapatnam Wikipedia "Kulasekharapatnam"]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>
<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulasekharapatnam Wikipedia "Kulasekharapatnam"]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>


Line 7: Line 11:
<ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/statistics/1910_excel/ Digital South East  Asia Library "Statistical abstract relating to British India from 1910-11 to 1919-20.  No. 127.— Quantity of Goods and Minerals Conveyed by the several Railway Systems in India; in thousands of Tons"]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>.  
<ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/statistics/1910_excel/ Digital South East  Asia Library "Statistical abstract relating to British India from 1910-11 to 1919-20.  No. 127.— Quantity of Goods and Minerals Conveyed by the several Railway Systems in India; in thousands of Tons"]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>.  


The line was originally constructed to carry jaggery (cane sugar) for the sole use of Parry and Co., Ltd., the Managing Agents of the East India Distilleries and Sugar Factories Ltd, the owners of the KPM Sugar Factory. The  maintenance and use of the line for the public was authorised on 14 June 1914 and the  18 mile(29km) section from  Tissianvillai to the factory at  Kulasekharapatnam opened on 8 July 1915 <ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n257/mode/2up  " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government  Printing,  Calcutta;  page 249]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>.  
The line was originally constructed to carry jaggery (cane sugar) for the sole use of [[Parry & Company]], the Managing Agents of the East India Distilleries and Sugar Factories Ltd, the owners of the KPM Sugar Factory. The  maintenance and use of the line for the public was authorised on 14 June 1914 and the  18 mile(29km) section from  Tissianvillai to the factory at  Kulasekharapatnam opened on 8 July 1915 <ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n257/mode/2up  " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government  Printing,  Calcutta;  page 249]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref>.  


The line became the ''' Kulasekharapatnam Light Railway''' as it was later  extended to [[Tiruchendur]], as distance of 27 miles(43km) <ref name=hindu>[http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/madras-miscellany-indias-first-railway-line/article6668150.ece The Hindu Newspaper “Madras Miscellany” ]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref> with a short branch to Udangudi, and there was a regular daily service for public use as indicated in Bradshaw's Guide Timetable for 1933 <ref>[http://www.irfca.org/gallery/Heritage/timetables/Bradshaw_1933/South_India_NG_Timetables_11.jpg.html IRFCA "Bradshaw 1933 Timetable"; reproduced by  Chris Pietruski, IRFCA ''Indian Railways Fan Club'']; Retrieved; 26 Oct 2016</ref>.
The [[South Indian Railway]](SIR) encouraged '[[Parry & Company]]' to extend the line to the SIR station at Tuticorn and open it for public use. The local Government authorised its use for public traffic commencing 1915 <ref name=TN39>“Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compiled by Simon Darvill. Published by ‘The Industrial Railway Society’ 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at  http://irsshop.co.uk/India. Reference:  Entry  TN39 page ....</ref>.
 
The line later was extended to [[Tiruchendur]], a distance of 27 miles(43km) <ref name=hindu>[http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/madras-miscellany-indias-first-railway-line/article6668150.ece The Hindu Newspaper “Madras Miscellany” ]; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016</ref> with a short branch to Udangudi and there was a regular daily service for public use as indicated in Bradshaw's Guide Timetable for 1933 <ref>[http://www.irfca.org/gallery/Heritage/timetables/Bradshaw_1933/South_India_NG_Timetables_11.jpg.html IRFCA "Bradshaw 1933 Timetable"; reproduced by  Chris Pietruski, IRFCA ''Indian Railways Fan Club'']; Retrieved; 26 Oct 2016</ref>.
 
In 1926 the following is recorded  "Messers. Parry and Company’s light Railway runs from [[Tiruchendur]] to [[Tissianvilai]] touching the port of [[Kulasekarapatnam]], which has shipping connection with Colombo and Tuticorin" <ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=SzWvq8EYBwUC&pg=PA133&hl=fr&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false "llustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway – 1926"; page 133]; Retrieved 26 May 2019</ref>.
 
This line can be seen in yellow as a NG line on the 1931 Railway Map ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India,’  <ref> [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gaz_atlas_1931/fullscreen.html?object=33  Map ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India,’ v. 26, Atlas 1931 edition, Railways & Inland Navigation, p. 27]; Retrieved 26 May 2019</ref>.
 
The ‘Statistics of Working’ show the year-by-year financial results from 1915-16 through to 1936-37 <ref name=Hist1937>[https://ia801605.us.archive.org/30/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.36650/2015.36650.India-Railway-Board-History-Of-Indian-Railways-Constructed-And-In-Progress.pdf US Archive .org pdf download of ‘History Of Indian Railways, constructed and in progress’, 31 March 1937 by ‘The Government of India - Railway Department’ page  293 pdf 336]; Retrieved 30 Jul 2020</ref>.
 
==Progress in Line Openings==
The record gives the following <ref name=Hist1937/>:-
{|
| Kulasekharapatnam  to Tissianvillai                                          ...
|Nov 1915        .
|10.5 miles
|-
| Kulasekharapatnam Sugar factory to Tiruchendur
|Aug 1922
|6.25 miles
|-
| Extension at Tiruchendur to the station yard of Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai  Railway
|Mar 1929
|1.00 miles
|-
| Kulasekharapatnam Port to Manapad closed jun 1932
|Oct 1929
|0.75 miles
|-
|'''Total Mileage'''
|. .
|'''30.00 miles'''
|}
 
== Classification ==
[[Indian Railway Classification]] of 1926 - Class III railway system, with a line lengtrh of 27½ miles(44km)in 1931-32 and reducing to 26¾ miles(43km) from 1932-33
 
==Further Development==
The line had been in decline since 1928 when the sugar factory at Kulasekharapatnam closed <ref name=TN39/>


The line ceased operation in 1940 and its track was contributed as scrap to the war effort  <ref name=hindu/>.  
The line ceased operation in 1940 and its track was contributed as scrap to the war effort  <ref name=hindu/>.  


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:Private Railways]]
[[Category:Private Railways]]
[[Category:Narrow Gauge (NG) Railways]]
[[Category:Narrow Gauge (NG) Railways]]
[[Category:Industrial Railways]]

Latest revision as of 10:30, 13 November 2020

Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway, 1931 Map
Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway, 1931 Map

Kulasekharapatnam Tissianvillai Light Railway,
later known as the Kulasekharapatnam Light Railway
later to become the Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Light Railway

History

The Kulasekharapatnam Tissianvillai Light Railway was established in 1914 linking the sugar growing area of Tissianvillai (modern day Tisaiyanvilai) to Kulasekharapatnam at the extreme end southern tip of India. [1]

The unassisted private 2ft/610mm narrow gauge(NG) line connecting Tissianvillai to the KPM Sugar Factory and on to Kulasekharapatnam Port, first carried goods in 1915-16 [2].

The line was originally constructed to carry jaggery (cane sugar) for the sole use of Parry & Company, the Managing Agents of the East India Distilleries and Sugar Factories Ltd, the owners of the KPM Sugar Factory. The maintenance and use of the line for the public was authorised on 14 June 1914 and the 18 mile(29km) section from Tissianvillai to the factory at Kulasekharapatnam opened on 8 July 1915 [3].

The South Indian Railway(SIR) encouraged 'Parry & Company' to extend the line to the SIR station at Tuticorn and open it for public use. The local Government authorised its use for public traffic commencing 1915 [4].

The line later was extended to Tiruchendur, a distance of 27 miles(43km) [5] with a short branch to Udangudi and there was a regular daily service for public use as indicated in Bradshaw's Guide Timetable for 1933 [6].

In 1926 the following is recorded "Messers. Parry and Company’s light Railway runs from Tiruchendur to Tissianvilai touching the port of Kulasekarapatnam, which has shipping connection with Colombo and Tuticorin" [7].

This line can be seen in yellow as a NG line on the 1931 Railway Map ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India,’ [8].

The ‘Statistics of Working’ show the year-by-year financial results from 1915-16 through to 1936-37 [9].

Progress in Line Openings

The record gives the following [9]:-

Kulasekharapatnam to Tissianvillai ... Nov 1915 . 10.5 miles
Kulasekharapatnam Sugar factory to Tiruchendur Aug 1922 6.25 miles
Extension at Tiruchendur to the station yard of Tiruchendur-Tissianvilai Railway Mar 1929 1.00 miles
Kulasekharapatnam Port to Manapad closed jun 1932 Oct 1929 0.75 miles
Total Mileage . . 30.00 miles

Classification

Indian Railway Classification of 1926 - Class III railway system, with a line lengtrh of 27½ miles(44km)in 1931-32 and reducing to 26¾ miles(43km) from 1932-33

Further Development

The line had been in decline since 1928 when the sugar factory at Kulasekharapatnam closed [4]

The line ceased operation in 1940 and its track was contributed as scrap to the war effort [5].

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia "Kulasekharapatnam"; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016
  2. ↑ Digital South East Asia Library "Statistical abstract relating to British India from 1910-11 to 1919-20. No. 127.— Quantity of Goods and Minerals Conveyed by the several Railway Systems in India; in thousands of Tons"; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016
  3. ↑ " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 249; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 “Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compiled by Simon Darvill. Published by ‘The Industrial Railway Society’ 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at http://irsshop.co.uk/India. Reference: Entry TN39 page ....
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 The Hindu Newspaper “Madras Miscellany” ; Retrieved 26 Oct 2016
  6. ↑ IRFCA "Bradshaw 1933 Timetable"; reproduced by Chris Pietruski, IRFCA Indian Railways Fan Club; Retrieved; 26 Oct 2016
  7. ↑ "llustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway – 1926"; page 133; Retrieved 26 May 2019
  8. ↑ Map ‘Imperial Gazetteer of India,’ v. 26, Atlas 1931 edition, Railways & Inland Navigation, p. 27; Retrieved 26 May 2019
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 US Archive .org pdf download of ‘History Of Indian Railways, constructed and in progress’, 31 March 1937 by ‘The Government of India - Railway Department’ page 293 pdf 336; Retrieved 30 Jul 2020
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