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The [[Pamban Branch Railway]] was a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) single line completed in 1914 by the [[South Indian Railway]] Company(SIR). | The [[Pamban Branch Railway]] was a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) single line completed in 1914 by the [[South Indian Railway]] Company(SIR). | ||
<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamban_Bridge Wikipedia "Pamban_Bridge"]; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016</ref> | <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamban_Bridge Wikipedia "Pamban_Bridge"]; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016</ref> | ||
The line linked the SIR network in India at [[ | The line linked the SIR network in India at [[Madura]] with the Island of [[Pambam]], from where there was a ferry connection to [[Ceylon]]. | ||
Prior to the construction of this line, traffic between India and Ceylon was carried via Tuticorin and Colombo, a route which line, which has necessitated a 12-hours' sea journey. | |||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
A railway to link [[Dhaneshkodi]] in India to [[Talaimannar]] in [[Ceylon]], a distance of 22 miles(35km), was a constant challenge to railway engineers. | A railway to link [[Dhaneshkodi]] in India to [[Talaimannar]] in [[Ceylon]], a distance of 22 miles(35km), was a constant challenge to railway engineers. The route would follow the chain of limestone shoals known as '''Adam's Bridge''' between [[Pamban]] Island (also known as Rameswaram Island), off the Indian south-eastern coast, and Mannar Island, off the north-western coast of Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Geological evidence suggests that this bridge is a former land connection between India and Sri Lanka <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s_Bridge Wikipedia "Adam's Bridge"]; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016</ref> | ||
The route was first considered in 1876 but no definite was taken until 1894 with a proposal from the Ceylon Government, followed a year later by a survey by the Indian Government. These proposals were | The route was first considered in 1876 but no definite was taken until 1894 with a proposal from the Ceylon Government, followed a year later by a survey by the Indian Government. These proposals were rejected as the outlay was greater than the anticipated traffic would justify and the idea of bridging the sea was abandoned <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 63-64 </ref>. | ||
The route, described as the '''Madura-Pamban Railway''' in some records, was surveyed by [[Ernest Ifill Shadbolt]] between the years of 1888 and 1893. (see 'Personnel' below) | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
*1908. After much consultion it was decided to build a viaduct from | *1902, the branch of the SIR from [[Madura]] to [[Pambam]] Island was completed as far as [[Mandapam]], a village on the coast on the mainland side of the narrow strait which divides the island from the shore, a distance of 90 miles (145km) <ref>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_405.gif "Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1906" page 399]; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016</ref> | ||
*1908. After much consultion it was decided to build a viaduct from mainland India at Dhaneshkodi to [[Talaimannar]] with a "Scherzer Rolling Lifting Bridge" over the Pamban Pass shipping passage. It involved:- | |||
* a short 6km extension of the line from [[Mandapam]] | |||
* the construction of the '''[[Pamban Viaduct]]''' across the submerged reef lying between [[Dhaneshkodi]] on the mainland of India and Talaimannar on the Island of [[Pamban]], this included the | |||
* (Rameswaram) | |||
<ref>[http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/content/article/10.1680/imotp.1915.16223 Institution of Civil Engineers "Minutes of the Proceedings" Volume 199, Issue 1915, 01 January 1915 , pages 377 –387]; Retrieved 13 Dec 2015</ref>. | <ref>[http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/content/article/10.1680/imotp.1915.16223 Institution of Civil Engineers "Minutes of the Proceedings" Volume 199, Issue 1915, 01 January 1915 , pages 377 –387]; Retrieved 13 Dec 2015</ref>. | ||
==Records== | ==Records== | ||
Revision as of 08:45, 21 June 2016
The Pamban Branch Railway was a metre gauge(MG) single line completed in 1914 by the South Indian Railway Company(SIR). [1] The line linked the SIR network in India at Madura with the Island of Pambam, from where there was a ferry connection to Ceylon.
Prior to the construction of this line, traffic between India and Ceylon was carried via Tuticorin and Colombo, a route which line, which has necessitated a 12-hours' sea journey.
Background
A railway to link Dhaneshkodi in India to Talaimannar in Ceylon, a distance of 22 miles(35km), was a constant challenge to railway engineers. The route would follow the chain of limestone shoals known as Adam's Bridge between Pamban Island (also known as Rameswaram Island), off the Indian south-eastern coast, and Mannar Island, off the north-western coast of Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Geological evidence suggests that this bridge is a former land connection between India and Sri Lanka [2]
The route was first considered in 1876 but no definite was taken until 1894 with a proposal from the Ceylon Government, followed a year later by a survey by the Indian Government. These proposals were rejected as the outlay was greater than the anticipated traffic would justify and the idea of bridging the sea was abandoned [3].
The route, described as the Madura-Pamban Railway in some records, was surveyed by Ernest Ifill Shadbolt between the years of 1888 and 1893. (see 'Personnel' below)
History
- 1902, the branch of the SIR from Madura to Pambam Island was completed as far as Mandapam, a village on the coast on the mainland side of the narrow strait which divides the island from the shore, a distance of 90 miles (145km) [4]
- 1908. After much consultion it was decided to build a viaduct from mainland India at Dhaneshkodi to Talaimannar with a "Scherzer Rolling Lifting Bridge" over the Pamban Pass shipping passage. It involved:-
- a short 6km extension of the line from Mandapam
- the construction of the Pamban Viaduct across the submerged reef lying between Dhaneshkodi on the mainland of India and Talaimannar on the Island of Pamban, this included the
- (Rameswaram)
[5].
Records
An on-line search of the India Office Records(IOR) records relating to this railway [6] gives the following: -
- L/F/8/16/1095 “South Indian Railway Company Limited, Contract as to the construction and working of the Pamban Branch and the Travancore Branch; 1901"
Personnel
No Staff Lists have been found.
The “Indian Biographical Dictionary” gives Ernest Ifill Shadbolt, Public Works Department, Executive Engineer from 1888 to 1893 as 'Engineer-in-Chief of the Madura-Pamban Railway Survey also Bezwada-Madras and Tinnevelly-Quilon Railway Surveys ' [7]
References
- ↑ Wikipedia "Pamban_Bridge"; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016
- ↑ Wikipedia "Adam's Bridge"; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016
- ↑ Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 63-64
- ↑ "Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1906" page 399; Retrieved 21 Jun 2016
- ↑ Institution of Civil Engineers "Minutes of the Proceedings" Volume 199, Issue 1915, 01 January 1915 , pages 377 –387; Retrieved 13 Dec 2015
- ↑ “British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue” - Search; Retrieved 26 Jan 2016
- ↑ “Indian Biographical Dictionary” 1915 page 390; Retrieved on 27 May 2016
