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Means of Transport

469 bytes added, 23:42, 29 April 2023
By palanquin or dandy
===By palanquin or dandy===
*Photographs showing a Palkee, Palki, Palanquin, with Bearers: [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00glossarydata/terms/palanquin/palanquin.html Palanquin images] from Prof. Emerita Fran Pritchett’s ''Indian Routes''. [http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ggbain.00366/ Palanquin, India] Library of Congress. Similar image [https://learninglab.si.edu/resources/view/90161 Four Bengal men carrying man in palki or palanquin, undated]. Click through to 2/2 images. Photograph is captioned Palkee and …?(=Bearers), Calcutta. Undated, before 1903. Smithsonian Learning Lab. [http://www.oldindianphotos.in/2011/03/four-men-carrying-palkee-palanquin.html Four men carrying a Palkee (Palanquin) c 1870s] Old Indian Photos.
**[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=IYBXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA173 A description of various types of palanquins] from the bottom of page 173 ''The General East-India Guide and Vade-mecum ... in British India and the Adjacent Parts of Asia (etc.)'' by J B Gilchrist 1825 Google Books. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=IYBXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA178 Page 178] describes a bangy used for carrying goods. "If not overladen, the bangy will generally keep pace with the palanquin".
**Post-Masters were tasked with assisting travellers going from one place to another by 'laying the dawk' for them upon request and on due payment.<ref>
Kolhatkar, Arvind [https://web.archive.org/web/20181214151340/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india-british-raj@rootsweb.com/thread/206388/ Laying the Dawk - Part 2] ''Rootsweb India-British-Raj Mailing List'' 13 May 2015, archived.</ref> This referred to appointing relays of bearers to be ready on certain nights, at certain stations by which the traveller passed passed. "Five men carry the palkee, four more attend as reserves to take their turn, two carry tin petarrahs, or boxes slung on a pole, and two carry torches".<ref> [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=9LIRAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22laying%20the%20dawk%22&pg=PA16 "A Tiger Tale"] page 16 ''Warne’s Home Annual 1868'' Google Books.</ref> [https://archive.org/stream/hobsonjobson029985mbp#page/n351/mode/2up Dawk/dak], meaning Post, page 299 ''Hobson Jobson''. The word survives in dak bungalow, a traveller's rest house. Routes, estimates of times, costs etc are included in [https://books.google.ca/books?id=GZMRAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR6 ''‪Itinerary and Directory for Western India: being a collection of routes through the provinces subject to the Presidency of Bombay, and the principal roads in the neighbouring states''] by Captain John Clunes 12th Regiment Bombay Native Infantry 1826‬. Google Books
*[https://www.paperjewels.org/postcard/rickshaw-mussoorie-dandy-mussoorie Postcard: Rickshaw Mussoorie. Dandy Mussoorie] paperjewels.org. "A very unusual early split-screen postcard", by Julian Rust, undated.
*[https://archive.org/details/dli.calcutta.04022/page/137/mode/2up "Old-Time Conveyances in Calcutta"] by Frank E Bushby pages 138-141 ''Bengal Past and Present, Vol-41 January-June 1931''. Archive.org
 
===By horse or bullock drawn vehicle===
*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000000312u00024v00.html 1814 Sketches of the line of march with bullock carts, elephants, horsemen, etc.] by Captain Robert Smith, probably Bengal Engineers c 1814. British Library online Gallery. Click on “zoomable image” to enlarge.
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