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{{War|name=2nd Sikh War|dates=1848-49 |image=Punjab_district_map.jpg|thumb|400px|Map showing its districts and princely states |location=[[Punjab]] |combatant1=[[East India Company]] |combatant2=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Empire Sikh Empire] |result=British victory. Punjab annexed |medal=<br>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_Medal Punjab Medal]<br>Clasps: Mooltan, Chilianwala, Goojerat |category=[[:Category:2nd Sikh War|2nd Sikh War]] }} | |||
{{Battlemap|war=2nd Sikh War|link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=101241150585833319689.000472d4d58d302892d27&ll=31.278551,73.00415&spn=7.526958,7.327881&t=p&z=7}} | |||
'''Also known as the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War or the Punjab Campaign.''' | |||
== Summary == | == Summary == | ||
The British Resident in Lahore sent officers to [[Multan]] to compel the local viceroy to pay increased taxes. The officers were murdered and this encouraged an uprising of rebellious troops against the Sikh Government. After some initial actions the British sent a substantial force under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Gough,_1st_Viscount_Gough Sir Hugh Gough]. Major battles at[[ Chillianwala]] and [[Gujerat]] led to the surrender of the Sikhs. The British annexed the [[Punjab]] and [http://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Maharaja_Duleep_Singh Raja Duleep Singh] went into exile. | |||
The British Resident in Lahore sent officers to [[Multan]] to compel the local viceroy to pay increased taxes. The officers were murdered and this encouraged an uprising of rebellious troops against the Sikh Government. After some initial actions the British sent a | |||
== Army of the Punjab == | == Army of the Punjab == | ||
Order of Battle at | '''Order of Battle at Ramnuggur'''<br> | ||
'' | ''Commander in Chief: [[Hugh Gough|Maj-Gen Sir Hugh Gough]]''<br> | ||
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2"> | <div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2"> | ||
'''Cavalry Division'''<br> | '''Cavalry Division'''<br> | ||
''Brigadier General Cureton'' | ''[[Charles Robert Cureton|Brigadier-General Charles Cureton]]'' | ||
*1st Brigade | *1st Brigade: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101029262/ Brigadier Michael White] | ||
:*[[3rd The King's Own Hussars|HM 3rd Light Dragoons]] | :*[[3rd The King's Own Hussars|HM 3rd Light Dragoons]] | ||
:* | :*[[14th Light Dragoons|HM 14th Light Dragoons]] | ||
:*[[5th Bengal Light Cavalry]] | :*[[5th Bengal Light Cavalry]] | ||
:*[[8th Bengal Light Cavalry]] | :*[[8th Bengal Light Cavalry]] | ||
*2nd Brigade: Brigadier Pope | *2nd Brigade: Brigadier Pope | ||
:*[[9th (The Queen's Royal) Lancers|HM 9th Lancers]] | :*[[9th (The Queen's Royal) Lancers|HM 9th Lancers]] | ||
:*[[14th Light Dragoons|HM 14th Light Dragoons]] | |||
:*[[1st Bengal Light Cavalry]] | :*[[1st Bengal Light Cavalry]] | ||
:*[[6th Bengal Light Cavalry]] | :*[[6th Bengal Light Cavalry]]<br> | ||
'''1st Infantry Division'''<br> | '''1st Infantry Division'''<br> | ||
'' | ''[http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101010704/ Lt-Gen Sir Walter Gilbert]'' | ||
*1st Brigade: Brigadier Mountain | *1st Brigade: Brigadier Mountain | ||
:*[[29th Regiment of Foot|HM 29th Foot]] | :*[[29th Regiment of Foot|HM 29th Foot]] | ||
:*[[30th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|30th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[30th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|30th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[56th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|56th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[56th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|56th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
*2nd Brigade: Brigadier Godby | *2nd Brigade: Brigadier Godby | ||
| Line 30: | Line 32: | ||
:*[[31st Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|31st Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[31st Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|31st Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[70th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|70th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[70th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|70th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
'''2nd Infantry Division'''<br> | '''2nd Infantry Division'''<br> | ||
''General Thackwell''<br> | ''[http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101027156/ General Thackwell]''<br> | ||
*1st Brigade: Brigadier Pennycuick | *1st Brigade: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101021884/ Brigadier Pennycuick] | ||
:*[[24th Regiment of Foot|HM 24th Foot]] | :*[[24th Regiment of Foot|HM 24th Foot]] | ||
:*[[25th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|25th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[25th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|25th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[45th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|45th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[45th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|45th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
*2nd Brigade: Brigadier Hoggan | *2nd Brigade: Brigadier Hoggan | ||
:*[[61st Regiment of Foot|HM 61st Foot]] | :*[[61st Regiment of Foot|HM 61st Foot]] | ||
:*[[6th Regiment of Bengal Infantry|6th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[6th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|6th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[36th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|36th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[36th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|36th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
*3rd Brigade: Brigadier Penny | *3rd Brigade: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101021882/ Brigadier Nicholas Penny] | ||
:*[[15th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|15th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[15th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|15th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[20th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|20th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[20th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|20th Bengal Native Infantry]] | ||
:*[[69th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|69th Bengal Native Infantry]] | :*[[69th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|69th Bengal Native Infantry]]<br> | ||
'''Artillery''' | |||
*6 horse batteries: Lane, Christie, Huish, Warner, Duncan and Fordyce. | |||
*3 field batteries: Dawes, Kenleside and Austin. | |||
*2 heavy batteries. | |||
</div> | |||
==FIBIS resources== | |||
*"General Gilbert and the surrender of the Sikh Army" by Sarah Bilton ''FIBIS Journal Number 27 (Spring 2012)'', pages 14-22. For details of how to access this article see [[FIBIS Journals]] | |||
==Medals== | |||
Also see [[Medals]] and [[Medal Rolls]] | |||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_Medal Punjab Medal] Wikipedia | |||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
[http://www.heritage-history.com/www/heritage.php?Dir=wars&FileName=wars_sikh.php | [http://www.heritage-history.com/www/heritage.php?Dir=wars&FileName=wars_sikh.php Sikh Wars] Heritage History<br> | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War 2nd Sikh War 1848-49] Wikipedia<br> | |||
[http://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Anglo_Sikh_War_II 2nd Anglo-Sikh War] Sikhiwiki<br> | |||
[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Es6x4u_g19UC&pg=PA49&dq=The+history+of+British+India:+a+chronology+Gough+Dalhousie+Edwardes&as_brr=3#v=onepage&q=&f=false Chronology] Google Books | |||
===Historical books online=== | |||
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=HF1HAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR3 ''Narrative of the Second Sikh War, in 1848-49 with a detailed account of the Battles of Ramnugger, the Passage of the Chenab, Chillianwallah, Goojerat, etc.''] by Edward Joseph Thackwell, late Aide-de-Camp to General Thackwell 2nd edition, revised with additions 1851 Google Books. [https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.106248/page/n1/mode/2up Archive.org 1st edition 1851] | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/militarymemoirs00thacgoog/page/n9/mode/2up ''The Military Memoirs of Lieut.-General Sir Joseph Thackwell arranged from Diaries and Correspondence''] by Colonel H C Wylly 1908 Archive.org | |||
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Ny1cAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA179 The Sikh War : a narrative by "An Old Dragoon"] page 179 ''The British soldier: an Anecdotal History of the British Army'', Volume 1 by Joachim Hayward Stocqueler 1856 Google Books | |||
*[http://www.archive.org/details/commentariesonpu00lawr ''Commentaries on the Punjab Campaign, 1848-49. Including some additions to the history of the Second Sikh War, from original sources''] by J H Lawrence-Archer 1878 Archive.org | |||
*[http://archive.org/stream/sikhsandsikhwar00innegoog#page/n10/mode/2up ''The Sikhs and the Sikh Wars: The Rise, Conquest, and Annexation of the Punjab State''] by Charles Gough , Arthur Donald Innes 1897 Archive.org | |||
*''The First and Second Sikh Wars'' Compiled for the General Staff, India by Lieutenant Colonel R G Burton 94th Russell’s Infantry 1911 [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.284289 Archive.org], mirror from Digital Library of India. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.82721/page/n3 2nd digital file, Archive.org] | |||
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=gOtAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR1 ''Annals of India for the year 1848: An outline of the principal events which have occurred in the British dominions in India from 1. Jan. 1848 to the end of the second Seikh War in March 1849''] by George Buist 1849 Google Books | |||
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=pUIoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5 ''General Gilbert's Raid to the Khyber. A Personal Narrative''] by R. W. Bingham, Late Quarter Master Serjeant 30th Regt. N. I. 1850 Google Books | |||
*''A Year on the Punjab Frontier in 1848-49'' by Herbert B. Edwardes 1851 Google Books [https://books.google.com/books?id=QPdAAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover Volume 1], [https://books.google.com/books?id=vvJAAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover Volume 2] | |||
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=HV1HAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP7 ''Leaves from the journal of a subaltern during the campaign in the Punjaub Sept.1848 to March 1849''] by Daniel Augustus Sandford, Ensign, [[2nd Bengal (European) Light Infantry]] 1849 Google Books | |||
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=bNNGAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Extracts from letters to Mrs. Bamfield from her husband, during the second Seikh war ... also, the subsequent letters of her son''] 1854 Google Books. The author was Major Daniel Bamfield of the Bengal Army and his son Albert, both possibly of the [[56th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry|56th Bengal Native Infantry]]. | |||
*Brigadier Mountain’s letters: [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=iL1GAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA246 Page 246] ''Memoirs and letters of the late Colonel Armine S.H. Mountain, C. B. : aide-de-camp to the Queen and Adjutant-General of Her Majesty's forces in India''. 1857 Google Books. He was in charge of 3 regiments, 29th Queen’s and 13th and 30th N I. | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/cavalryexperien00ouvrgoog ''Cavalry Experiences and Leaves from My Journal''] by Colonel H A Ouvry 1892 Archive.org. The author arrived in India in late 1846 to join the [[3rd Light Dragoons]], and subsequently took part in the 2nd Sikh War, from [https://archive.org/stream/cavalryexperien00ouvrgoog#page/n57/mode/2up page 38]. | |||
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Q9wRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA374 Part 2: The Second Sikh War, 1848-49 — The Indian Mutiny, 1857] from "Memoir of Major-General Sir Henry Marion Durand, K.C.S.I., C.B., R.E." by Lieutenant C.R, Low, (late) Indian Navy, page 374 ''Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal, 1871 Part 1'' Google Books | |||
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ISKgAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA1 "Medical History of the 1st Bombay European Regiment (Fusiliers) during its Service in the Punjaub in 1848,1849, and 1850"] by FS Arnott MD Surgeon of the Regiment, page 1 ''Transactions of the Medical and Physical Society of Bombay Volume X 1849-1850'' Google Books | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/barracksbattlefieldsindia/page/n5/mode/2up ''Barracks and Battlefields in India; or, The experiences of a soldier of the 10th Foot (North Lincoln) in the Sikh Wars and Sepoy Mutiny''], edited by the Rev Caesar Caine 1891 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.507263 1971 reprint edition Archive.org], mirror from Digital Library of India. The soldier was Thomas Malcolm, born 1827. | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/generalsiralexta01tayl/page/60/mode/2up "The Second Sikh War"] page 61 ''General Sir Alex Taylor G.C.B., R.E.: his Times, his Friends, and his Work, Volume I'' by A. Cameron Taylor, his daughter, 1913. ([https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.88056/page/ii/mode/2up Volume II]) Archive.org. | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/soldiersahibsmen0000alle ''Soldier Sahibs : the men who made the North-West Frontier''] by Charles Allen 2001, first published 2000. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. | |||
*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2740836?urlappend=%3Bseq=133 Gujrat District] page 111 ''A list of inscriptions on Christian tombs or monuments in the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Kashmir and Afghanistan possessing historical or archaeological interest Part 1'' by Miles Irving (1910) HathiTrust Digital Library. Inscriptions of some of those who died in battle. | |||
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/throughsikhwarta00hentiala#page/n7/mode/2up ''Through the Sikh war: a tale of the conquest of the Punjaub''] by G. A. Henty 1902, first published 1893 Archive.org. An adventure story for younger readers. | |||
*Fiction. ''Oakfield or Fellowship In the East'' by W D Arnold [William Delafield], Lieut. 58th Regiment, BNI [Bengal Native infantry]. 2nd edition 1854 [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.200691 Volume I] Archive.org. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=KnQQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5 Volume II] Google Books. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakfield;_or,_Fellowship_in_the_East ''Oakfield or Fellowship In the East''] Wikipedia, which states "The novel is an indictment of the moral standards of the British regiments in India." Originally published (1853) using the pseudonym Punjabee. Volume II, Oakfield takes part in the 2nd Sikh War. | |||
[[Category:Wars and Campaigns|Sikh War, 2nd]] | [[Category:Wars and Campaigns|Sikh War, 2nd]] | ||
[[Category:2nd Sikh War| 2nd Sikh War]] | [[Category:2nd Sikh War| 2nd Sikh War]] | ||
[[Category:Campaigns with FIBIS Battle Maps|Sikh War, 2nd]] | [[Category:Campaigns with FIBIS Battle Maps|Sikh War, 2nd]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:03, 6 November 2023
| 2nd Sikh War | |
|---|---|
| 1848-49 | |
| Chronological list of Wars and Campaigns | |
| |
| Location: Punjab | |
| Combatants: | |
| East India Company | Sikh Empire |
| Result: British victory. Punjab annexed | |
| Medals: Punjab Medal Clasps: Mooltan, Chilianwala, Goojerat | |
| Links: | |
| Category: 2nd Sikh War | |
|
See our interactive map of 2nd Sikh War locations and routes on Google Maps | |
|---|---|---|
Also known as the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War or the Punjab Campaign.
Summary
The British Resident in Lahore sent officers to Multan to compel the local viceroy to pay increased taxes. The officers were murdered and this encouraged an uprising of rebellious troops against the Sikh Government. After some initial actions the British sent a substantial force under Sir Hugh Gough. Major battles atChillianwala and Gujerat led to the surrender of the Sikhs. The British annexed the Punjab and Raja Duleep Singh went into exile.
Army of the Punjab
Order of Battle at Ramnuggur
Commander in Chief: Maj-Gen Sir Hugh Gough
Cavalry Division
Brigadier-General Charles Cureton
- 1st Brigade: Brigadier Michael White
- 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Pope
1st Infantry Division
Lt-Gen Sir Walter Gilbert
- 1st Brigade: Brigadier Mountain
- 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Godby
2nd Infantry Division
General Thackwell
- 1st Brigade: Brigadier Pennycuick
- 2nd Brigade: Brigadier Hoggan
- 3rd Brigade: Brigadier Nicholas Penny
Artillery
- 6 horse batteries: Lane, Christie, Huish, Warner, Duncan and Fordyce.
- 3 field batteries: Dawes, Kenleside and Austin.
- 2 heavy batteries.
FIBIS resources
- "General Gilbert and the surrender of the Sikh Army" by Sarah Bilton FIBIS Journal Number 27 (Spring 2012), pages 14-22. For details of how to access this article see FIBIS Journals
Medals
Also see Medals and Medal Rolls
- Punjab Medal Wikipedia
External Links
Sikh Wars Heritage History
2nd Sikh War 1848-49 Wikipedia
2nd Anglo-Sikh War Sikhiwiki
Chronology Google Books
Historical books online
- Narrative of the Second Sikh War, in 1848-49 with a detailed account of the Battles of Ramnugger, the Passage of the Chenab, Chillianwallah, Goojerat, etc. by Edward Joseph Thackwell, late Aide-de-Camp to General Thackwell 2nd edition, revised with additions 1851 Google Books. Archive.org 1st edition 1851
- The Military Memoirs of Lieut.-General Sir Joseph Thackwell arranged from Diaries and Correspondence by Colonel H C Wylly 1908 Archive.org
- The Sikh War : a narrative by "An Old Dragoon" page 179 The British soldier: an Anecdotal History of the British Army, Volume 1 by Joachim Hayward Stocqueler 1856 Google Books
- Commentaries on the Punjab Campaign, 1848-49. Including some additions to the history of the Second Sikh War, from original sources by J H Lawrence-Archer 1878 Archive.org
- The Sikhs and the Sikh Wars: The Rise, Conquest, and Annexation of the Punjab State by Charles Gough , Arthur Donald Innes 1897 Archive.org
- The First and Second Sikh Wars Compiled for the General Staff, India by Lieutenant Colonel R G Burton 94th Russell’s Infantry 1911 Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India. 2nd digital file, Archive.org
- Annals of India for the year 1848: An outline of the principal events which have occurred in the British dominions in India from 1. Jan. 1848 to the end of the second Seikh War in March 1849 by George Buist 1849 Google Books
- General Gilbert's Raid to the Khyber. A Personal Narrative by R. W. Bingham, Late Quarter Master Serjeant 30th Regt. N. I. 1850 Google Books
- A Year on the Punjab Frontier in 1848-49 by Herbert B. Edwardes 1851 Google Books Volume 1, Volume 2
- Leaves from the journal of a subaltern during the campaign in the Punjaub Sept.1848 to March 1849 by Daniel Augustus Sandford, Ensign, 2nd Bengal (European) Light Infantry 1849 Google Books
- Extracts from letters to Mrs. Bamfield from her husband, during the second Seikh war ... also, the subsequent letters of her son 1854 Google Books. The author was Major Daniel Bamfield of the Bengal Army and his son Albert, both possibly of the 56th Bengal Native Infantry.
- Brigadier Mountain’s letters: Page 246 Memoirs and letters of the late Colonel Armine S.H. Mountain, C. B. : aide-de-camp to the Queen and Adjutant-General of Her Majesty's forces in India. 1857 Google Books. He was in charge of 3 regiments, 29th Queen’s and 13th and 30th N I.
- Cavalry Experiences and Leaves from My Journal by Colonel H A Ouvry 1892 Archive.org. The author arrived in India in late 1846 to join the 3rd Light Dragoons, and subsequently took part in the 2nd Sikh War, from page 38.
- Part 2: The Second Sikh War, 1848-49 — The Indian Mutiny, 1857 from "Memoir of Major-General Sir Henry Marion Durand, K.C.S.I., C.B., R.E." by Lieutenant C.R, Low, (late) Indian Navy, page 374 Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal, 1871 Part 1 Google Books
- "Medical History of the 1st Bombay European Regiment (Fusiliers) during its Service in the Punjaub in 1848,1849, and 1850" by FS Arnott MD Surgeon of the Regiment, page 1 Transactions of the Medical and Physical Society of Bombay Volume X 1849-1850 Google Books
- Barracks and Battlefields in India; or, The experiences of a soldier of the 10th Foot (North Lincoln) in the Sikh Wars and Sepoy Mutiny, edited by the Rev Caesar Caine 1891 Archive.org. 1971 reprint edition Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India. The soldier was Thomas Malcolm, born 1827.
- "The Second Sikh War" page 61 General Sir Alex Taylor G.C.B., R.E.: his Times, his Friends, and his Work, Volume I by A. Cameron Taylor, his daughter, 1913. (Volume II) Archive.org.
- Soldier Sahibs : the men who made the North-West Frontier by Charles Allen 2001, first published 2000. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
- Gujrat District page 111 A list of inscriptions on Christian tombs or monuments in the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Kashmir and Afghanistan possessing historical or archaeological interest Part 1 by Miles Irving (1910) HathiTrust Digital Library. Inscriptions of some of those who died in battle.
- Through the Sikh war: a tale of the conquest of the Punjaub by G. A. Henty 1902, first published 1893 Archive.org. An adventure story for younger readers.
- Fiction. Oakfield or Fellowship In the East by W D Arnold [William Delafield], Lieut. 58th Regiment, BNI [Bengal Native infantry]. 2nd edition 1854 Volume I Archive.org. Volume II Google Books. Oakfield or Fellowship In the East Wikipedia, which states "The novel is an indictment of the moral standards of the British regiments in India." Originally published (1853) using the pseudonym Punjabee. Volume II, Oakfield takes part in the 2nd Sikh War.