Withdrawal from Afghanistan: Difference between revisions
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'''This article is part of the section on the [[1st Afghan War]]'''<br> | '''This article is part of the section on the [[1st Afghan War]]'''<br> | ||
== Synopsis == | == Synopsis == | ||
The process of '''Withdrawal from Afghanistan''' began paradoxically with two armies advancing on [[Kabul]]. General Elphinstone's army had been destroyed in the disastrous [[Retreat from Kabul to Gundamak|Retreat from Kabul]] in January 1842 and Shah Shujah, who had been restored to the throne by the British, had been murdered. [[William Nott|General Nott]] had occupied [[Kandahar]] for the previous two years. General Pollock forced the [[Khyber Pass]] in April 1842 to join with General Sale who had been besieged at [[Siege of Jalalabad|Jalalabad]]. Lord Ellenborough, who succeeded Lord Auckland as Governor-General, was in favour of withdrawal of the troops but there was strong public opinion that the humiliations should be avenged before the British left. He therefore gave the generals discretion to withdraw via Kabul. | The process of '''Withdrawal from Afghanistan''' began paradoxically with two armies advancing on [[Kabul]]. General Elphinstone's army had been destroyed in the disastrous [[Retreat from Kabul to Gundamak|Retreat from Kabul]] in January 1842 and [[Shah Shuja-ul-Mulk|Shah Shujah]], who had been restored to the throne by the British, had been murdered. [[William Nott|General Nott]] had occupied [[Kandahar]] for the previous two years. General Pollock forced the [[Khyber Pass]] in April 1842 to join with General Sale who had been besieged at [[Siege of Jalalabad|Jalalabad]]. Lord Ellenborough, who succeeded Lord Auckland as Governor-General, was in favour of withdrawal of the troops but there was strong public opinion that the humiliations should be avenged before the British left. He therefore gave the generals discretion to withdraw via Kabul. | ||
General Pollock left Jalalabad on 20 August 1942, beat the enemy at [[Battle of Mamoo Khail|Mamoo Khail]], [[Battle of Jugdulluk Crest 1842|Jugdulluk Crest]] and [[Battle of Tezeen|Tezeen]], and reached Kabul on 17 September. This has been described in detail in the article [[The Army of Retribution March to Kabul]]. | General Pollock left Jalalabad on 20 August 1942, beat the enemy at [[Battle of Mamoo Khail|Mamoo Khail]], [[Battle of Jugdulluk Crest 1842|Jugdulluk Crest]] and [[Battle of Tezeen|Tezeen]], and reached Kabul on 17 September. This has been described in detail in the article [[The Army of Retribution March to Kabul]]. | ||
Revision as of 13:12, 30 March 2011
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See our interactive map of Withdrawal from Afghanistan locations and routes on Google Maps | |
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See our interactive map of The March from Kabul to Peshawar locations and routes on Google Maps | |
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This article is part of the section on the 1st Afghan War
Synopsis
The process of Withdrawal from Afghanistan began paradoxically with two armies advancing on Kabul. General Elphinstone's army had been destroyed in the disastrous Retreat from Kabul in January 1842 and Shah Shujah, who had been restored to the throne by the British, had been murdered. General Nott had occupied Kandahar for the previous two years. General Pollock forced the Khyber Pass in April 1842 to join with General Sale who had been besieged at Jalalabad. Lord Ellenborough, who succeeded Lord Auckland as Governor-General, was in favour of withdrawal of the troops but there was strong public opinion that the humiliations should be avenged before the British left. He therefore gave the generals discretion to withdraw via Kabul.
General Pollock left Jalalabad on 20 August 1942, beat the enemy at Mamoo Khail, Jugdulluk Crest and Tezeen, and reached Kabul on 17 September. This has been described in detail in the article The Army of Retribution March to Kabul.
General Nott also left Kandahar on 9 August, fought actions at Mookoor and Ghoaine, occupied Ghazni, gained two more victories at Benee Budam and Maidan, and arrived at Kabul on 17 September. General England left Kandahar on 10 August and arrived in Quetta on 20 August - see article England's March to Quetta.
The British occupied Kabul until 12 October - see article Occupation of Kabul Sept 1842.
After destroying the Grand Bazaar the combined armies marched back to Peshawar - see article The Final Exit.
Related articles
For further details of events during this period see the following articles
| Battle of Mookoor | 28 August 1842 |
| Battle of Ghoaine | 30 August 1842 |
| Battle of Ghazni | 6 September 1842 |
| Battle of Benee Budam | 14 September 1842 |
| Battle of Maidan | 15 September 1842 |
| Occupation of Kabul | 15 September-12 October 1842 |
| Battle of Istalif | 29 September 1842 |
| The Final Exit | 12 October 1842 |
External Links
Historical books on-line
History of the War in Afghanistan Vol II (1841-1842) by John William Kaye (1851) General Nott's march from Kandahar to Kabul Google Books