First World War and Madras (Presidency): Difference between pages

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'''First World War''' information relevant to British India, including the involvement of the [[Indian Army]] and of [[Anglo Indians]] in the [[British Army]]. During the First World War compulsory service was deemed necessary and the Indian Defence Force Act was passed in 1917. European British men between the ages of 18 and 41 were subject to compulsory service within India. Thus men serving overseas were
An adminsitrative subdivision of [[British India]]. The Madras Presidency covered the southern half of India and [[Ceylon]] (now called Sri Lanka).
not sent as conscripts, but had voluntarily joined either the [[Indian Army]], or the [[British Army]].
[[Image:Hampshire Regt WW1 Shield.jpg|right|thumb|200px| Hampshire Regt WW1 Shield with India noted]]


==General information==
See [[Presidencies]] in the [[Beginners' Guide]]


== Maps==
*[http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-ra131-s28 1850 Map of the Diocese of Madras] ''The Colonial Church Atlas 3rd Edition 1850''.  National Library of Australia Digital Collections-Maps [http://nla.gov.au/nla.cat-vn3667353 Catalogue entry]
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gaz_atlas_1931/fullscreen.php?object=51 1931: Madras Presidency northern section] Imperial Gazetteer<br>
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gaz_atlas_1931/fullscreen.php?object=50 1931: Madras Presidency southern section] Imperial Gazetteer


=== Expeditionary Forces ===
== See also==
Seven expeditionary forces served during World War I
*[[Madras Districts]]
*Indian Expeditionary Force A served on the European Western Front
*Indian Expeditionary Force B served in the East African Campaign
*Indian Expeditionary Force C composed of the Imperial Service Infantry Brigade served in British East Africa
*Indian Expeditionary Force D served in the [[Mesopotamia Campaign]]
*Indian Expeditionary Force E served in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign
*Indian Expeditionary Force F served in the First Suez Offensive
*Indian Expeditionary Force G served in the Gallipoli Campaign


=== The Indian Divisions of 1914-1918  <ref>[http://www.1914-1918.net/inddivs.htm "The Indian Divisions of 1914-1918"] The Long, Long Trail. The British Army of 1914-1918 - for family historians accessed 18 Feb 2014</ref> ===
== External Links ==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=V2nGnWXV7coC&pg=PA9&dq=The+history+of+British+India:+a+chronology%2Madras%2BPresidency%2B1756&cd=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false Madras Presidency 1611-1755] Google Books<br>
|-
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madras_Presidency Madras Presidency] Wikipedia
! Division
*[http://www.tnarchives.tn.gov.in/gazzetters.html District Gazetteers] Lists  (some of) the various editions which have been published. Department of Archives and Historical Research, Government of Tamil Nadu
! Theatres
*[http://spuddybike.org.uk/familyhistory/madras/churches/index.html  Churches and Chapels in Madras Presidency] spuddybike.org.uk Retrieved. 26 October 2014
! Arrival in first theatre
|-
| 1st (Peshawar)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 2nd (Rawalpindi)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 3rd (Lahore)
| France & Flanders, Mesopotamia
| October 1914
|-
| 4th (Quetta)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 5th (Mhow)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 6th (Poona)
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| From November 1914
|-
| 7th (Meerut)
| France & Flanders, Mesopotamia
| October 1914
|-
| 8th (Lucknow)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 9th (Secunderabad)
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 10th
| Egypt
| Formed in Egypt 1914
|-
| 11th
| Egypt
| Formed in Egypt 1914
|-
| 12th
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| Formed in Mesopotamia 1915
|-
| 13th
| -
| Not formed
|-
| 14th
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| Formed in Mesopotamia 1916
|-
| 15th
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| Formed in Mesopotamia 1916
|-
| 16th
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 17th
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| Formed in Mesopotamia 1917
|-
| 18th
| [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]
| Formed in Mesopotamia 1917
|-
| Burma Division
| -
| Remained in India
|-
| 1st Indian Cavalry
| France & Flanders
| November 1914. Renamed 4th Cavalry Division in November 1916
|-
| 2nd Indian Cavalry
| France & Flanders
| December 1914. Renamed 5th Cavalry Division in November 1916
|}


===Anglo-Indians===
“Britain's declaration of war on Germany in 1914, brought immediate mobilization in India and by 1915, the British war drain produced hundreds of officer vacancies in the regular army which became accessible to Anglo-Indians for the first time since the East India Company's ban of 1791. Conscription was enforced systematically among the Anglo-Indians at odds with the experience of other Indian communities treated more leniently. (Abel:1988) By 1916, perhaps 8,000 Anglo-Indians had joined British units as in the case of the many "India-born" recruits accepted by the [[39th Regiment of Foot| Dorset Regiment]]. Jhansi's Anglo-Indian Battery, part of the Anglo-Indian Force, attached to the 77th Royal Field Artillery, had the largest concentration of Anglo-Indian conscripts and volunteers and earned a distinguished record in the Mesopotamian conflict. In total, 50-75% of the adult Anglo-Indian population saw active service although non-emergency enlistment in the British Army remained closed to them. (Dover:1937) Most were immediately sent abroad while others were employed by the sudden munitions and supply boom, for instance, at Kanpur where the army's leather processing centre had been located since after the Mutiny. (Thomas:1982)” <ref>
[http://home.alphalink.com.au/~agilbert/mills1.html "Some Comments on stereotypes of the Anglo-Indians: Part II"] by Megan Stuart Mills from the International Journal of Anglo-Indian Studies 1996, quoting
*Abel, Evelyn. (1988). The Anglo-Indian Community. Chanakya Publications: Delhi.
*Dover, Cedric. (1937). Half-Caste. London: Martin, Secker and Warburg.
*Thomas, David A. (1982). Lucknow and Kanpur, 1880-1920: Stagnation and Development under the Raj. South Asia. 5, 68-80. </ref>
In 1916 the Anglo-Indian Association was asked to raise a battalion of Anglo-Indian soldiers - an Anglo-Indian force; some of them served in Mesopotamia<ref>[http://home.alphalink.com.au/~agilbert/hawesint.html "Christopher Hawes in Conversation with Glenn D'cruz"] in ''The International Journal of Anglo-Indian Studies'' Volume 3, Number 1, 1998.</ref>.  By the September of 1917 the Anglo-Indian Force had drawn more than 950 men.[25]<ref> 
[http://home.alphalink.com.au/~agilbert/satoshi.html  "Loyalty, Parity, and Social Control-The Competing Visions on the Creation of an ‘Eurasian’ Military Regiment in late British India"]  by Satoshi Mizutani ''The International Journal of Anglo-Indian Studies'' Volume 10, No. 1, 2010, quoting
*[25] Anonymous (ed.), ''The Anglo-Indian Force'' (Allahabad, 1918), p.40. This book, by C T Robbie,  is available in the India Office Records at the [[British Library]]  [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_8-2_3-2&cid=1-1-1-3-33#1-1-1-3-33  IOR/L/MIL/17/5/4318]</ref>
The Anglo Indian Battery, an Artillery unit which was part of the Anglo Indian Force, served in [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]] and returned to India at the end of the war and was based at Trimulgherry. The Government of India decided the unit should be a permanent part of the forces, but it appears not to have survived the cuts of the post war slump
=== Temporary Commissions & Indian Army Reserve of Officers 1917-1921 ===
'''IOR Ref - (L/MIl/9/435-623)'''
The First World War necessitated a reserve force of British Army officers for the Indian Army to supplement regular recruitment of cadets from Sandhurst, Wellington and [[Quetta]].  Temporary commissions were, therefore, granted to British Officers, NCOs and enlisted men of the required educational standard.
Fortunately, the individual names in this section are listed in searchable  indexes on the National Archives Access to Archives website (See [[First_World_War#External_links_2|External links]]. The full record will show birth details and army service.
In the same index volume, on the open shelves in the [[British Library]], is a  further typed list  of about 2,500 names compiled from a card index relating to medal claims. This index gives rank, unit , date of release and post-release address.( It does not actually show medal entitlement)
Finally the volume contains an index of 815 British Army other ranks commissioned into the Indian Army during the First World War. Fuller reference is shown as WO339 (pieces 139092 -139906) held at [[The National Archives]] – (See War Office: Officers' Services, First World War, Long Number Papers (numerical) in [[First_World_War#External_links_2|External links]]
The British Library has the book, in five volumes, covering the First World War, ''Alphabetical list giving particulars of officers of the Indian Army Reserve of Officers / [issued by] Army Headquarters, India, Military Secretary’s Branch''. The catalogue entry states "Contents: [v.1]. 26th June 1916 _ v.2. 24th January 1917 _ v.3. 31st December 1917 _ v.4. 30th June 1918 _ v.5. 31st December 1918". The shelfmark is OIR 355.37 Open Access
[http://www.fibis.org/membership-2 Fibis members] can contact [http://www.fibis.org/research Fibis research] should they wish to access further detail from these records. [mailto:research@fibis.org research@fibis.org]
==British Army Territorial Force troops in India==
Territorial Force troops were sent to India so that regular units could be released for service in France.<ref> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_Force Territorial Force] Wikipedia accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
On 22 September 1914 the government of India agreed to send 32 British and 20 Indian regular army battalions to Europe in exchange for 43 Territorial Force battalions.<ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/britdivs.htm The Long, Long Trail] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
*The 43rd (Wessex) Division - All units assembled at Southampton on 9 October. Sailing via Malta and Suez, the main body of the Division went to Bombay, landing on 9 November, with three units (4th, 5th and 6th Devons) landing at Karachi two days later. <ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/43div.htm The Long, Long Trail- The 43rd (Wessex) Division] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
*The 44th (Home Counties) Division - All units that were going to India assembled at Southampton and sailed on 30 October. They all went to Bombay, landing between 1 and 3 December.<ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/44div.htm The Long, Long Trail - The 44th (Home Counties) Division] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
*The 45th (2nd Wessex) Division On 25 November 1914 it was decided to send from the 2nd Wessex 10 battalions of infantry and the artillery. Two battalions (2/4th Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry and 2/4th Hampshire Regiment went to Karachi (arriving 9 January 1915) via Aden; the rest landed at Bombay (4-8 January 1915).<ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/45div.htm The Long, Long Trail - The 45th (2nd Wessex) Division] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
See [[British Army Territorial Force troops arriving in 1914‎]] for those Regiments and Batteries arriving with the first two Divisions above, and their initial postings.
A regimental history which describes experiences of Territorials in India during the Great War is ''A Strange War: Burma, India and Afghanistan 1914-1919'' by C P Mills. The Regiment was the 2/5th Battalion of the [[13th Regiment of Foot|Somerset Light Infantry]]. 
===Garrison Battalions===
Garrison Battalions were made up of soldiers unfit for front line duty. This decision was made at time of enlistment or after previous front line service where the soldier had suffered wounds or sickness. They were sent to various parts of the empire on garrison duties to release fit soldiers for front line duty.<ref> [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=149267&#entry1435248 Great War Forum post]</ref> 
Very little has been written about the Garrison Battalions of World War I in post-war regimental histories. Battalions were disbanded within days of returning from service overseas and their four or five year existence was apparently regarded as of little consequence in regimental history.
<ref> Great War Forum [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=205407 post] 20 January 2013 by 'themonsstar'</ref>.  A diary, including a description of the journey to India of a “unit of middle-aged and medically downgraded men”, and letters home may be found in ''1st Garrison Battalion The Manchester Regiment, India, Singapore, Hong Kong & Siberia'' by Robert Bonner
Garrison Battalions sent to India include  the  [[44th Regiment of Foot| 2nd Garrison Battalion, Essex Regiment]],  the [[92nd Regiment of Foot |1st Garrison Battalion, Gordon Highlanders]], the [[63rd Regiment of Foot|1st Garrison Battalion, Manchester Regiment]],  the [[5th Regiment of Foot| 2nd Garrison Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers]] and [[13th Regiment of Foot|1st Garrison Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry]]
===Special Service Battalions===
Formed from April 1919 in India from drafts of demobilisees (from Mesopotamia) arriving by ship in Bombay. See [[First_World_War#External_links|"Mutiny in India 1919"]] for more details about these Battalions. One Special Service Battalion, No.17,  served in the [[3rd Afghan War|Third Afghan War]]
===External links===
*[[34th Regiment of Foot|2/4 (Cumberland and Westmoreland) Battalion, Border Regiment]] sailed for India 4 March 1915 and was in India throughout the First World War [http://www.1914-1918.net/border.htm 1914-1918.net]
**[http://www.king-emperor.com/2-4%20Border%20Regiment.html 2/4 Border Regiment in India 1916-1919] includes photographs taken at Gharial, ([[Murree]] Hills), and the Mohmand Blockade Line. king-emperor.com
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/eastsurreys.htm 1/5th Battalion and 1/6th Battalion East Surrey Regiment] were in India most of World War 1,embarking at Southampton on 29 October 1914,  landing at Bombay 2 December 1914 from "The Long, Long Trail: The British Army in the Great War".
** FIBIS Gallery [http://www.gallery.fibis.org/index.php?/category/21 Collection of photographs] taken by and owned by Arthur Cecil Gregory who served in the 5th Bn. East Surrey Regiment in various parts of India during WW1.
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/hants.htm  The Hampshire Regiment] from "The Long, Long Trail". There were Territorial Force battalions in India and Mesopotamia.
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/msex.htm 1/9th Battalion and 1/10th Battalion Middlesex Regiment] Both battalions sailed 30 October 1914  from Southampton for India, arriving Bombay on 2 December 1914. The 1/9th Battalion eventually moved to Mesopotamia, arriving Basra on 24 November 1917, and joined the 53rd Brigade of the 18th Indian Division. It remained in that theatre until the end of the war.. The 1/10th Battalion remained in India until the end of the war.  www.1914-1918.net
**[http://www.flickr.com/photos/58031268@N03  David Prebble’s Photostream]. flickr.com Some of the photographs are labeled “1/9th Middlesex Regiment India 1914 to 1920” and it very probable all the photographs are of this regiment, in England or India
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/swb.htm 1/1st Brecknockshire Battalion, South Wales Borderers
]  arrived in Bombay 3 December 1914, almost immediately went to Aden, subsequently returned to India and remained in India throughout the war, stationed at [[Mhow]].  www.1914-1918.net
*The Diary of Sergeant Ben Nicholas 1914 to 1917. [[53rd Regiment of Foot|4th (Service Battalion) Kings Shropshire Light Infantry]]. "A record of his exploits in India, Burma, Singapore and Malaysia during World War One". Includes the [[5th Regiment of Bengal (Light) Infantry|1915 Singapore Mutiny]]. [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwulfrunianinlondon.files.wordpress.com%2F2014%2F01%2Fthe-diary-of-ben-nicholas-1915-to-19174.pdf html version] [http://wulfrunianinlondon.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/the-diary-of-ben-nicholas-1915-to-19174.pdf pdf] wulfrunianinlondon.files
*[https://greatwarlondon.wordpress.com/tag/rifle-brigade/  DEG Quelch, far from Flanders] He was in the 18th (London) Battalion of the [[Rifle Brigade]], based at Table Island, where there was a wireless station, near the Cocos Islands. "Great War London"
*[http://www.25thlondon.com/index.htm 25th County of London Cyclist Battalion, The London Regiment] was a Territorial Force Regiment whose 1st Battalion spent the war years in India including the North West Frontier. In 1917 they participated in the [[North West Frontier Campaigns|Waziristan Campaign]]. In 1919 they helped quell the [[Massacre at Amritsar|Amritsar uprising]], and participated in the [[3rd Afghan War]]. In 1917, 200 of the 1/25th left India and fought in [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]]. 25thlondon.com
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204155938/http://www.irfca.org/docs/locolists/industrial/display.php?file=Military.txt&title=Military%20Trains  Indian/South-Asian Industrial Locos: Military Trains] (irfca.com by  Simon Darvill  has a section (scroll down) on the  [[British Library]] collection of Lance Corporal Howgego who served in India with the 1/25st Battalion, The London Regiment between 1916 and 1919. Includes a transcript of a 1917 letter to his mother regarding the flooding at [[Tank]]. (British Library catalogue entry [http://apps.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-msseur_2&cid=80#80 Sgt Reginald Mortimer Howgego:  Mss Eur C340  1914-1920])
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20040407134248/http://home.clara.net/nhpendall/fpdiary.htm The Diary of Frederick Pendall], a  member of the [[9th Regiment of Foot|Norfolk Regiment]] who was in Belgaum from  March 1917 to March 1918  (archived website)    This [http://www.nhpendall.webspace.virginmedia.com/page4.html link] contains a photograph and advises  he was "Pte 26695 Norfolk Regiment 1916-1919"
*The "Karachi troop train incident" of the 5th June, 1916, resulted in the death of nineteen Territorial Troops due to heat stroke on a troop train between Karachi and Lahore. "Death Of Territorials In India". House of Lords. Hansard [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1916/jul/25/death-of-territorials-in-india 25 July 1916] vol 22 cc911-6, [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1916/aug/01/death-of-territorials-in-india 01 August 1916] vol 22 cc1037-42. "Karachi Troop Train Incident". House of Lords. Hansard [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1920/may/18/karachi-troop-train-incident 18 May 1920] vol 40 cc390-404, [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1920/jul/21/karachi-troop-train-incident 21 July 1920] vol 41 cc413-20. [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1920/aug/10/karachi-troop-train-incident  10 August 1920] vol 41 cc1169-79
*[http://www.js-ww1.bham.ac.uk/articles/issue3_Connelly.pdf  "The British Campaign in Aden, 1914-1918"] by Mark Connelly ''Journal of the Centre for First World War Studies Vol. 1, No. 3, 2005''. pages 65-96. Mentions the heat fatalities of the [[24th Regiment of Foot|4/South Wales Borderers (Brecknockshire battalion)]]
*[http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/revhist/backiss/vol8/no2/putkowski2.html Mutiny in India in 1919] by Julian Putkowski marxists.org  By March 1919, the Territorials  were disillusioned, and their increasingly bitter complaints featured in a series of anonymous letters that were published by the ''Bombay Chronicle''. As well as complaining generally about the corruption and snobbery they had experienced during their service in India, the correspondents drew attention to the slow pace at which they were being shipped back to Britain by the Army.
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/11226331@N05/sets/72157632248150623/ WO 374/20814 - service record of Horace Charles Druett] flickr.com.He applied for the India Army Reserve of Officers in October 1917 when he was a 2nd  Lieutenant in the 5th Battalion East Surrey Regiment. [https://www.flickr.com/photos/11226331@N05/8274622592/in/set-72157632248150623/ Application form]. He  was seconded 21st December 1917 and was in India until the end of 1920, at least the latter part with the [[4th Regiment of Sikh Infantry, Punjab Frontier Force|1/54 Sikhs FF]] at [[Jullundur]] flickr.com
====Historical books online====
====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kitchenersarmyte00walluoft#page/164/mode/2up/search/India ''Kitchener's Army and the Territorial Forces''] page 164 by Edgar Wallace 1915 Archive.org
Also see [[Madras (City)]]
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/undertenviceroys00woodiala#page/254/mode/2up ''Under Ten Viceroys: the Reminiscences of a Gurkha''], by Major-General Nigel Woodyatt, page 255 "The Territorials in India" 1922  Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ageographicalac00bowrgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''A Geographical Account of Countries Round the Bay of Bengal, 1669 to 1679''] by Thomas Bowrey, edited by Sir Richard Carnac Temple 1905 Archive.org.  Includes [http://www.archive.org/stream/ageographicalac00bowrgoog#page/n22/mode/2up Madras and the Coromandel Coast]
*[http://www.scribd.com/doc/17735398/Memoirs-of-the-Great-War ''Memoirs of the Great War''] by James Racine c 1920s Scribd.com. Pages 70-101 cover his period in India  as an officer with the 2/5th Battalion of the [[37th Regiment of Foot|Hampshire Regiment]]  in Secunderabad c 1915-1916 until the Battalion was transferred to Egypt.  [http://www.archive.org/details/memogw Pdf version]  available from Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OARXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP9 ''The Madras Road Book. Edition - 1839''], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OARXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA143 Index], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OARXAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA3 Alphabetical List of the Madras Collectorates] with details. Google Books
*[http://archive.org/stream/mesopotamia00palmuoft#page/n3/mode/2up ''Letters from Mesopotamia in 1915 and January, 1916''] from Robert Palmer 1916 Archive.org. He went with a draft from the 6th Hants, ([[37th Regiment of Foot|Hampshire Regiment]]) in India since November 1914, to reinforce the 4th Hants.  Both these regiments were part of the Territorial Force. He was killed June 21, 1916, aged 27 years. The initial letters were written in India.
*''Statistics of the Colonies of the British Empire from the Official Records of the Colonial Office'' by  Robert Montgomery Martin 1839 Google Books. ''Book IV- Possessions in Asia'' [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=PvtqMe2cxhoC&pg=PA273 "Chapter I-Hindostan"] pages 273-368
*[http://archive.org/stream/diaryof24thbatta00carliala#page/n3/mode/2up ''Diary of 2/4th Battalion the Border Regiment, 1914-19''] in India and Afghanistan. This Battalion was formed during the First World War and was part of the Territorial Force. Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/routesinpeninsu00scotgoog ''‪Routes in the Peninsula of India‬: ‪Comprising the Whole of the Madras Presidency and Portions of the Adjacent Territories of Bengal and Bombay''‬] by Major F H Scott, Quartermaster General of the Madras Army 1853  Archive.org
 
*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3864349?urlappend=%3Bseq=7 ''Manual of the Bellary District''] by John Kelsall, Madras Civil Service, Acting Sub-Collector, North Arcot 1872. Hathi Trust Digital Library
==Regular British Army troops in India==
*''Manual of the District of Cuddapah in the Presidency of Madras'' by J D B Gribble 1875 Is available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]]
*1st Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment <ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/sussex.htm The Long, Long Trail] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
*[https://archive.org/details/adescriptiveand00morrgoog ''A Descriptive and Historical Account of the Godavery District in the Presidency of Madras''] by Henry Morris 1878 Archive.org
*1st Battalion The Yorkshire Regiment <ref> [http://www.1914-1918.net/yorks.htm The Long, Long Trail] 1914-1918.net accessed 18 Feb 2014 </ref>
*[http://archive.org/stream/amanualkistnadi01mackgoog#page/n9/mode/2up ''A Manual of the Kistna District in the Presidency of Madras''] by Gordon Thomson Mackenzie 1883 Archive.org
*[[21st Hussars|21st Lancers]] were in India on the [[North West Frontier Campaigns| North West Frontier]]
*''Manual of the Kurnool District In the Presidency of Madras'' by Narahari Gopalakrishnamah Chetty (Comp.) 1886 Is available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]]
 
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=kXooAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1 ''A Manual of the Nellore District in the Presidency of Madras''] by John Alexander Corrie Boswell, Collector and Magistrate of the Kistna District 1873 Google Books
==Indian Army troops in India==
*[http://archive.org/stream/manualofnlagir00grigrich#page/n5/mode/2up ''A Manual of the Nílagiri District in the Madras Presidency''] by Henry Bidewell Grigg 1880 Archive.org
Indian Army troops were involved in actions on the [[North West Frontier Campaigns|North West Frontier]].
*''A Manual of the Salem District in the Presidency of Madras'' by Henry Le Fanu 1883 Archive.org [http://archive.org/stream/amanualsalemdis00fanugoog#page/n3/mode/2up ''Volume I: The District''],  [http://archive.org/stream/amanualsalemdis01fanugoog#page/n3/mode/2up ''Volume II: The Taluks'']
 
*Manual of the South Arcot District by J H Garstin,  (MCS) (Comp.) 1878 Is  available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]]
One officer's service may be seen in the webpages Capt G T Gill in "External links" at the bottom of this page.
*[http://archive.org/stream/manualoftinnevel00stuarich#page/n3/mode/2up ''A Manual of the Tinnevelly District in the Presidency of Madras''] by Andrew John Stuart 1879 Archive.org
 
*[https://archive.org/details/apoliticalandge00caldgoog ''A Political and General History of the District of Tinnevelly, in the Presidency of Madras from the earliest period to its cession to the Engliah Government in AD 1801''] by Rev R Caldwell 1881 Archive.org
===Aden===
*''Manual of the Trichinopoly District in the Presidency of Madras'' by Lewis Moore (Comp.) 1878 Is available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]]
*[http://www.js-ww1.bham.ac.uk/articles/issue3_Connelly.pdf  "The British Campaign in Aden, 1914-1918"] by Mark Connelly ''Journal of the Centre for First World War Studies Vol. 1, No. 3, 2005''. pages 65-96. Includes brief mention of [[26th Light Cavalry| 26/King George's Own Light Cavalry]], [[7th (Duke of Connaught's Own) Rajput Regiment of Bengal Infantry  |7/Rajputs]], [[9th Gurkha Rifles |9/Gurkhas]], [[23rd Punjab Pioneers| 23/Sikh Pioneers]], [[1st Regiment of Sikh Infantry, Punjab Frontier Force| 51/Sikhs]],[[2nd Regiment of Madras Native Infantry| 62/Punjabis]],  [[15th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry| 75/Carnatics]], [[108th Infantry|108/Infantry]],  [[109th Infantry| 109/Infantry]] , [[126th Baluchistan Infantry |126/Baluchistans]]
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=1rE5AQAAIAAJ&pg=PP7 ''A Manual of the District of Vizagapatam, in the Presidency of Madras''] by D. F. Carmichael 1869 Google Books
 
*''Imperial Gazetteer of India: Provincial Series    Madras'' [http://archive.org/stream/madras00unkngoog#page/n6/mode/2up  Volume I],  [http://archive.org/stream/madras01unkngoog#page/n6/mode/2up  Volume II] 1908 Archive.org
===Burma===
*''Madras District Gazetteers'' mainly Archive.org
*[http://www.kaiserscross.com/304501/468722.html  The Kachin Hills Uprising: Burma from January to February 1915] by Harry Fecitt from [http://www.kaiserscross.com/304501/home.html Harry’s Sideshows] kaiserscross.com
**[https://archive.org/details/cuddapah01madr ''Madras District Gazetteers: Cuddapah''] by C F Brackenbury ICS 1915 Archive.org
 
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/godavari01madr#page/n9/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers: Godaveri''] 1915
==At sea==
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/madurafrancis01madr#page/n5/mode/2up  ''Madras District Gazetteers: Madura''] 1906
During  the First  World  War ships  of the [[Bombay Marine|Royal  Indian  Marine]] carried troops  and  other  war  stores  from  India  to  Egypt,  Mesopotamia  and  East  Africa. When  mines  were  detected  off  the coasts  of Bombay  and  Aden  during  the  First World  War,  the  Royal  Indian  Marine  went  into  action  with  a  fleet  of minesweepers,  patrol  vessels  and  troop  carriers. The  Royal  Indian  Marine  also played a leading role in landing troops in Mesopotamia and their small river craft did  very  useful  work  on  the  Euphrates  and  Tigris  rivers.<ref>Abstract of a paper "Royal Indian Marine in the First World War" by Kalesh Mohanan presented at the [http://www.indiaww1.in/Conference.pdf  ''India And The Great War'' Conference] at The United Service Institution of India, New Delhi: 5-7 March 2014</ref>
**''Madras District Gazetteers Malabar. Vol. 1'' by C A Innes 1951 edition with additional information and  incorporating 1908 edition, Is available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]] (Note, the Search facility  in the website appears erratic. This  book could only be located using the search term Gazetteer. The catalogue no. is  75585, but even this could not locate it)
 
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/NilgirisFrancis/Untitled#page/n0/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers: The Nilgiris''] 1908
*[http://archive.org/stream/merchantadventu00hookgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Merchant Adventurers, 1914-1918''] by F. A. Hook 1920 Archive.org. A "compilation of the war records of the P. and O., British India and associated lines." Unfortunately the file is lacking the illustrations which should be in the book
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/p1salemrich01richuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers:  Salem Volume 1-Part 1''] 1918, [http://www.archive.org/stream/salemgazet02richuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers: Statistical Appendix for Salem District''] 1932
 
**[https://archive.org/details/GazeetersTinnevellyVol11917  ''Madras District Gazetteers: Tinnevelly Volume I''] by  H R Pate ICS 1917 Archive.org
==Recommended reading==
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/trichinopoly01madr#page/n9/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers: Trichinopoly''] 1907
*Yeats-Brown, Francis ''Lives of a Bengal Lancer'' . An autobiographical account of a Bengal Lancer covering the period from 1905 until the end of the First World War. Describes his deployment in India, France and Mesopotamia. See review in [[Biographies reading list]].
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/vizagapatam01madr#page/n5/mode/2up ''Madras District Gazetteers:  Vizagapatam''] 1907
* Spencer, William ''First World War army service records : a guide for family historians'' The National Archives, 2008 See Review in [[Military reading list]].
 
==British Library holdings==
*[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/0b5342e7-83de-4b2a-ac2f-75c1a7f1080e '''IOR/L/MIL/14/142'''] 1914-1921. Indian Army Officers Casualty Returns: Alphabetical lists of casualties by death among British officers of the Indian Services in the Great War giving rank, age, unit, date, place and cause. Possibly may provide information additional to the Commonwealth War Graves Commission database information (refer below)
*[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/fc8fd140-56ee-4636-b79b-2059d5a88176 '''IOR/L/MIL/15/22'''] British Army in India: Burial returns of officers and others in India, 1914-1918. Also available on LDS microfilm [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/774124?availability=Family%20History%20Library 2029981] ([[FamilySearch Centres#Ordering microfilms|Ordering microfilms]]). Possibly may provide information additional to the Commonwealth War Graves Commission database information (refer below)
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlps_7-1&cid=1-1-8-69#1-1-8-69 '''IOR/L/PS/20/H143'''] Roll of rewards and promotions of officers and men of the Indian Army and departments, and of Royal Artillery and Royal Engineer officers and men attached to Indian units, serving in the undermentioned forces:- France (A) East Africa, including Cameroons (B) Mesopotamia (D) Egypt, including Sudan (E) Gallipoli, including Salonica (G) Indian Frontier Indian area, including Aden, Perim, Somaliland, Gulf of Oman, and China Up to and including [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/ "London Gazette"] dated 11th May 1917 and "Indian Gazette" dated 3rd February 1917 [?London: India Office, 8th edn, 1917]
*[http://hviewer.bl.uk/IamsHViewer/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:/81055/vdc_100000000028.0x000124 '''IOR/L/MIL/7/17154-18939'''] Collection 425 First World War 1914-1918 ‎ (1914-1920)
*[http://hviewer.bl.uk/IamsHViewer/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:/81055/vdc_100000000047.0x0001ed '''IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2380-2420'''] Military Department Library: Indian Army First World War - General ‎ (1914-1931)
*[http://hviewer.bl.uk/IamsHViewer/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:/81055/vdc_100000000047.0x0001ee '''IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2421-4246''']  1914-1921. Military Department  Library: Indian Army First World War - War Diaries
*The Military Department Library also contains items relating to the First World War  catalogued according to regions including [http://hviewer.bl.uk/IamsHViewer/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:/81055/vdc_100000000047.0x000215 '''IOR/L/MIL/17/15/41-138'''] Iraq ‎ (1914-1944)
*''History of the Great War based on official documents by direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence''. Consists of 108 volumes published 1920-1949. The different volumes are explained in this link from [http://www.1914-1918.net/official.html www.1914-1918.net].  Includes
**Mesopotamia: ''The Campaign in Mesopotamia, 1914-1918, Volumes 1-4'' by Brigadier-General F.J. Moberly , available online, see below, and 
**Egypt. The British Library catalogue entry  is: ''Military Operations, Egypt & Palestine, etc.'' [With maps and plans.] by MacMunn, George Fletcher, Sir, K.C.B., and  Falls (Cyril B.) 5 pt. London, 1928-30.  Series: ''History of the Great War based on Official Documents''. One volume is available online, see below.
*''An account of the operations of the 18th (Indian) Division in Mesopotamia, December 1917 to December 1918, with the names of all the units which served with the division and a nominal roll of all the officers'' by Walter Edward Wilson-Johnston 1919.
*See also [[Indian Army]]
 
== Related articles ==
*[[Western Front]]
*[[Mesopotamia Campaign‎]]
*[[Actions in Egypt 1914-15‎]]
*[[Norperforce]]
*[[Railway units in the First World War]]
*[[Railways in the Middle Eastern Theatre]]
*[[China (First World War)]]
*[[East Africa (First World War)|East Africa]]
*[[Egypt, Palestine, Syria (First World War)]]
*[[Gallipoli]]
*[[Salonica and the Balkans]]
*[[Medals]]
*[[POW Camps in India#First World War|POW Camps in India - First World War]]
*[[50th Regiment of Foot#Kent Cyclist Battalion (Territorial Force)| Kent Cyclist Battalion]]
*[[British Army#Other Pension Records|British Army - Records - Other pension records]]
*[[British Army#Other sources|British Army - Records - Other sources]]
**[[British Army#Soldiers’ wills| Soldiers’ wills]]
**[[British Army#Soldiers’ effects records at the National Army Museum|Soldiers’ effects records at the National Army Museum]]
**[[British Army#WFA WW1 pension record cards|WFA WW1 pension record cards]]
**[[British Army#WW1 Prisoners of War - ICRC Archives|WW1 Prisoners of War - ICRC Archives]]
*[[Imperial Service Troops]]. Troops provided by the [[Princely States]]
 
==External links==
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/first-world-war/ UK National Archives First World War Portal] The National Archives' First World War resources
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/ Access to Archives]
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATLN=3&CATID=13398&SearchInit=4&CATREF=National War Office: Officers' Services, First World War, Long Number Papers (numerical)] - The National Archives catalogue
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Army_during_World_War_I Indian Army during World War I] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Battles_of_World_War_I_involving_British_India Battles of WWI involving British India] Wikipedia
*The Army In India – July 1914 by Prof Charles Tustin Kamps [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http://www.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net/site/cimh/british%2520india/indian_army_1914.pdf html version], [http://www.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net/site/cimh/british%20india/indian_army_1914.pdf pdf] Orders of Battle. Retrieved 16 October 2014
*[http://indianmilitaryhistory.org/regiments/Indian%20Infantry%20WW1%20-%201st%20through%2030th.pdf Indian Infantry Regiments - World War I]  by Paul Watson September 23, 2007 indianmilitaryhistory.org and also accessible from orbit.com.  (retrieved 23 April 2014). [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Findianmilitaryhistory.org%2Fregiments%2FIndian%2520Infantry%2520WW1%2520-%25201st%2520through%252030th.pdf Docs.google version] (retrieved 2 May 2014). Taken from the book ''The Indian Army in the Great War 1914-1918: Cavalry Regiments, Infantry Battalions, Mountain Artillery Batteries, and Sappers & Miners Units'' by Paul Watson 2008 ISBN-13: 978-0982054123
*[http://www.cwgc.org/ Commonwealth War Graves Commission] Searchable database.
*[http://www.ww1cemeteries.com/othercemeteries/neuvechapelleindian.htm Neuve Chapelle Memorial]
*[http://www.hut-six.co.uk/ Geoff Sullivan’s Great War Assortment].
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/ The Long, Long Trail: The British Army in the Great War of 1914-1918]
*[http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/ Great War Forum] is a message board for the First World War which is associated with the website "The Long, Long Trail".
*[http://www.westernfrontassociation.com/ The Western Front Association (WFA)] Although the main emphasis is on the Western Front, other areas are also included.
*[http://www.gwpda.org/ The World War I Document Archive]  gwpda.org
*[http://www.indiaww1.in India and the Great War]  A Joint USI (United Service Institution of India)-MEA (Ministry of External Affairs, India) Commemorative Project
**Details of [http://www.usiofindia.org/Projects/View/?pid=72  India and the Great War Project]. Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research, USI . Contains photographs
*[http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/untoldlives/2014/09/finding-indian-soldiers-who-served-in-world-war-one.html "Finding Indian soldiers who served in World War One": Casualty Appendices to the War Diaries]  by Dorota Walker  09 September 2014. British Library Untold lives blog. Retrieved 11 September 2014
*[http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/indiaatlse/2014/08/20/india-and-wwi-balancing-the-demands-of-war-with-the-defence-of-empire/  "India and WWI: balancing demands of war with defence of Empire"] by Adam Prime, 20 August 2014 “India at LSE” London School of Economics. Retrieved 26 August 2014
*[http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/PunjabBlogs/India-s-contribution-to-First-World-War/Article1-1077126.aspx India's contribution to First World War] by Mandeep Singh Bajwa, ''Hindustan Times'' June 16, 2013
*[http://www.indianmilitaryhistory.org Center for Indian Military History]
*[http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/archive/index.php/t-23283.html The Mesopotamian front! As observed by LTC Davis, 1918]  MilitaryPhotos.net
*[http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p4013coll2&CISOPTR=188&CISOBOX=1&REC=1#metajump "British experience in Iraq from 1914-1926: what wisdom can the United States draw from its experience?"] by Matthew W Williams,2004 from Combined Arms Research Library Digital Library
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_mesopotamia_moore.htm  "Mesopotamia"]. An article about Kipling’s poem ''Mesopotamia'' from Kipling.org.uk
*[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Overseas/KutWarCemetery.html  "Kut War Graves - Iraq"]  [http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Overseas/IraqWW1GravesRecovery.html  "Basra"]
*[http://www.angloburmeselibrary.com/world-war-one.html  "Extracts from the Muster Rolls of the Anglo-Indian Force"] angloburmeselibrary.com
*This [http://tribune.com.pk/story/204911/treasure-trove-awesome-/ Treasure trove: Awesome collection in awful condition]  article dated  8 July  2011, ''The Tribune'', Pakistan by Sonia Malik
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/india_wwone_01.shtml India and the Western Front]  Article by Dr David Omissi on BBC History website.
*[http://www.awm.gov.au/journal/j36/nurses.asp Reading between unwritten lines: Australian Army nurses in India, 1916-19] by Ruth Rae  Australian War Memorial website. Describes the 34th Welsh General Hospital (34 WGH) at [[Deolali]]
*[http://gillww1.wordpress.com/ gillww1] David Gill’s gillww1 website. 
*[http://stampomania.blogspot.com.au/2010/10/bhavnagar-imperial-service-lancers-wwi.html Bhavnagar Imperial Service Lancers – WWI] stampomania.blogspot.com. This regiment  was stationed in Suez Canal, Sinai, Palestine and Syria.
*[http://www.westernfrontassociation.com/great-war-on-land/other-war-theatres/3135-fighting-the-tangistanis.html Fighting the Tangistanis: Bushire, Persia, July-September 1915] by Harry Fecitt  westernfrontassociation.com
*The Indian Army - 1st January 1917: Cavalry Regiments by Paul Watson October 4, 2006 [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Forbat.com%2Fsite%2Fhistory%2Fvolume5%2F511%2F1st%2520January%25201917.pdf%20 Docs.google version],  [http://orbat.com/site/history/volume5/511/1st%20January%201917.pdf  original pdf] orbat.com (retrieved 8 May 2014)
*The Indian Army - 1st January 1917: Sappers and Miners; Railway Battalion; Divisional Signal Companies  by Paul Watson  November 15, 2006 [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Forbat.com%2Fsite%2Fhistory%2Fvolume5%2F518%2F1st%2520January%25201917%2520Sappers%2520and%2520Miners.pdf Docs.google version], [http://orbat.com/site/history/volume5/518/1st%20January%201917%20Sappers%20and%20Miners.pdf  original pdf]  orbat.com (retrieved 8 May 2014)
*Indian Army 1917 Mountain Artillery Batteries  by  Paul Watson  November 22, 2006 [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Forbat.com%2Fsite%2Fhistory%2Fvolume5%2F519%2FIndian%2520army1917%2520Mountain%2520Artillery%2520Batteries.pdf%20 Docs.Google version],  [http://orbat.com/site/history/volume5/519/Indian%20army1917%20Mountain%20Artillery%20Batteries.pdf original pdf] orbat.com (retrieved 8 May 2014)
====Historical books online====
*''Gazette of india'' and ''Calcutta Gazette'' - for editions published during the war period, see [[Gazette of India and Calcutta Gazette (First World War)‎|separate list]].
*''The Great World War: A History''. General Editor Frank A Mumby. Published 1915-1920. Archive.org
{|cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar01mumb#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume I]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar01mumb#page/n13/mode/2up Contents]
<br>To December 1914
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar02mumb#page/n7/mode/2up Volume I]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar02mumb#page/n9/mode/2up Contents]
<br>To April 1915
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar03mumb#page/n7/mode/2up Volume III]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar03mumb#page/n9/mode/2up Contents]
<br>To August 1915
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar04mumb#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume IV]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar04mumb#page/n11/mode/2up  Contents]
<br>To December 1915
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar05mumb#page/n7/mode/2up Volume V]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar05mumb#page/n9/mode/2up  Contents]
<br>To May 1916
|-
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar06mumb#page/n11/mode/2up Volume VI] 1917
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar06mumb#page/n13/mode/2up Contents]
<br>To February 1917
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar07mumb#page/n7/mode/2up  Volume VII] 1919
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar07mumb#page/n9/mode/2up Contents]
<br>To February 1918
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar08mumb#page/n7/mode/2up  Volume VIII]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar08mumb#page/n9/mode/2up  Contents]
<br>To November 1918
|[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar09mumb#page/n7/mode/2up Volume IX]1920
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar09mumb#page/n11/mode/2up  Contents]
 
[https://archive.org/stream/greatworldwar09mumb#page/296/mode/2up  Index- All Volumes]
|
|-
|}
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924023223906#page/n185/mode/2up Speech by Lord Chelmsford, Governor General of India]  mentioning Anglo-Indian Force - Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/stream/empireatwar035445mbp#page/n3/mode/2up ''The Empire at War Volume V Part IV: India''] by Sir Francis Younghusband Edited for the Royal Colonial Institute by Sir Charles Lucas 1926  [https://archive.org/stream/empireatwar035445mbp#page/n7/mode/2up Contents] Archive.org
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ASZvjTV1LdUC&pg=PP1 ''India and the First World War''] by ‪Budheswar Pati 1996‬ Google Books
*''History Of The Great War: The Campaign In Mesopotamia 1914-1918 Volumes I-IV'' by F J Moberly. 1923-1927 are available to read online on the Hathi Trust Digital Library.  See [[Mesopotamia Campaign]] for full details.
*''History of the Great War: Military Operations, Egypt & Palestine: Volume 2 June 1917 to the End of the War: Part 1'' by Cyril B Falls is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]]  where it is catalogued as ''History of the Great War Miltary Operations Egypt and Palestine''. Contents, computer page 13
*''History of the Great War: Medical Services; General History'' by G W Macpherson [http://archive.org/stream/medicalservicesg01macpuoft#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://archive.org/stream/medicalservicesg02macp#page/n5/mode/2up  Volume 2], [http://archive.org/stream/medicalservicesg03macp#page/n3/mode/2up Volume 3]  includes Egypt and Palestine, [http://archive.org/stream/medicalservicesg04macp#page/n3/mode/2up Volume 4]  includes Mesopotamia. Published 1921-1924. Archive.org
:Other books in this series: ''Medical Services: Diseases of the War'' [https://archive.org/details/medicalservicesd01macpuoft Volume I], [https://archive.org/details/medicalservicesd02macp Volume II]; ''Medical Services: Surgery of the War'' [https://archive.org/details/medicalservicess01macpuoft Volume I], [https://archive.org/details/medicalservicess02macpiala Volume II]; [https://archive.org/details/191418medicalserv00macpuoft Medical Services: Pathology] 1922-1923 Archive.org
*''History of the Great War: [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b744277?urlappend=%3Bseq=5  Medical Services: Casualties and Medical Statistics of the Great War''] by Major T. J. Mitchell and Miss G. M. Smith. 1931 Hathi Trust Digital Library
*''History of the Great War: [https://archive.org/details/principalevents100grea Principal Events, 1914-1918''] compiled by the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. 1922 Archive.org
*[http://ia341319.us.archive.org//load_djvu_applet.php?file=1/items/ABriefOutlineOfTheCampaignInMesopotamia19141918/ABriefOutlineOfTheCampaignInMesopotamia19141918.djvu ''A brief outline of the campaign in Mesopotamia, 1914-1918''] by Roger Evans, 1926 Archive.org (You will need a [http://djvu.org/resources/ Djvu plug-in], see our article [[Online books#Archive.org|Online books-Archive.org]])
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/warillustratedal09hammuoft#page/3052/mode/2up "Progress in Mesopotamia"] from ''The war illustrated album de luxe; the story of the great European war told by camera, pen and pencil Volume 9 The Fourth Year 1917-1918''  ed by JA Hammerton 1918 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/warillustratedal10hammuoft#page/3382/mode/2up "Final Victories over the Turk"]  from ''The war illustrated album de luxe; the story of the great European war told by camera, pen and pencil Volume 10 the Last Phase''  ed by JA Hammerton 1919 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/warincradleworl01egangoog#page/n9/mode/1up ''The war in the cradle of the world  Mesopotamia'']  by Eleanor Franklin Egan 1918. Archive.org The author was correspondent for the Saturday Evening Post. More details in [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6546/is_51/ai_n29153246/?tag=content;col1 "Writing "Mesopot": Eleanor Franklin Egan on the river to Baghdad, 1917"] by David Hudson.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/firstworldwar19102repiuoft#page/110/mode/2up  "Letter from Sir Charles Monroe, C-in-C in India, dated Simla, August 15, 1917"] regarding conditions in India from ''The First World War, 1914-1918, Volume II'', page 110 by Charles Repington 1920 Archive.org
*''United Empire: The Royal Colonial Institute Journal Volume 6 New Series 1915'' Archive.org
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedempire06royauoft#page/20/mode/2up "The Indian Expeditionary Force"] by HT Montague Bell. page 21.    Includes a list of Officers killed and wounded.
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedempire06royauoft#page/438/mode/2up "India and the War"], by Lieut.-Colonel Sir Francis Younghusband, page 439
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/undertenviceroys00woodiala#page/210/mode/2up ''Under Ten Viceroys: the Reminiscences of a Gurkha''] by Major-General Nigel Woodyatt 1922 Achive.org, from page 210 describes the author’s service in India during the First World War, including his responsibility for the arrangements for all "enemy subjects" of military age in India, both civilians living in India and prisoners of war from East Africa, Mesopotamia Persia etc . Turkish prisoners were sent to [[Burma]]. Others including the Germans were placed in an interment camp  at [[Ahmadnagar|Ahmednagar]], near [[Poona]].
*[http://archive.org/stream/cu31924012679548#page/n7/mode/2up ''The Post Office of India in the Great War''] edited by H.A. Sams  1922 Archive.org [http://archive.org/stream/cu31924012679548#page/n11/mode/2up Contents]
*Despatches on military operations in the Indian Empire since the outbreak of war  including Aden, Persia and the North West Frontier ''London Gazette Supplement''s.
**[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29652/supplements/6695  To 9th March 1916]  ''LGS'' 4 July 1916; [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30360/supplements/11269  To 31st March 1917]  ''LGS'' 31 October 1917; [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/31235/supplements/3585 To 31st May 1918]  ''LGS'' 17 March 1919; [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/32007/supplements/8157 To 30 April 1919] ''LGS'' 5 August 1920
*[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/31476/supplements/9537 "Despatch: Brief review of the part played by India, including the Native States, in the prosecution of the war"] ''London Gazette Supplement'' 25 July 1919
*[http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/displayPage.jsp?ID=7255&page=1&CategoryID=1  ''The Punjab And The War''] compiled by M S Leigh  ICS  1922  Panjab Digital Library. This book may  also be read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website.
*[http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Default.aspx The British Library digitised manuscripts] include some India Office Records relating to the First World War. A  search using the key word India, and adjustment of the dates will locate the documents , or the direct links include
**IOR/L/MIL /17/5/2383 [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Ior/l/mil/17/5/2383 ''India’s Contribution to the Great War''] published by authority of  the Government of India 1923
**IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2384  [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Ior/l/mil/17/5/2384 Indian Force for Europe]. India Office Military Dept, 6 Sep 1914.
**IOR/L/MIL/17/6/78 [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=ior/l/mil/17/6/78 ''History of the 15th Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade during the Great War 1914-1918''] London: HMSO, 1920. Includes maps
*** The Brigade appears to have spent the War in Egypt and Palestine. The constituent regiments include the Kathiawar Signal Troop, Hyderabad Lancers, Mysore Lancers including two troops  Bhavnagar Lancers and one troop  Kashmir Lancers, Patiala Lancers and Jodhpur Lancers
**IOR/V/27/281/33 [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=67&ref=Ior/v/27/281/33 ''Neuve Chapelle, India's Memorial in France, 1914-18'']. Published by authority of the Imperial War Graves Commission London 1927
**IOR/L/PS/11/121 [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=IOR/L/PS/11/121  1917 Political and Secret Annual Files] includes “Indian Journalists Tour of Mesopotamia” Newspaper articles written in Indian newspapers June 1917
**IOR/L/PS/11/129 [http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Ior/l/ps/11/129 1917 Political and Secret Annual Files]  includes P 4640/1917 The Turkish campaigns in Mesopotamia, Palestine and Hedjaz; P 4700/1917 The War: arrest in Persia of certain Indian Army deserters, case of one Abdul Manun; P 4973/1917 The War: military situation in Turkey
*''The Times Documentary History of the War''  published 1917-1920 Archive.org
{|cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary01londuoft Volume I Diplomatic-Part 1]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary02londuoft Volume II Diplomatic-Part 2]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary02londuoft#page/510/mode/2up Index Vols I, II]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary03londuoft Volume III Naval- Part 1]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary03londuoft#page/484/mode/2up  Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary04londuoft Volume IV Naval-Part 2]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary04londuoft#page/490/mode/2up  Index]
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary05londuoft Volume V Military- Part 1]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary05londuoft#page/486/mode/2up  Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary06londuoft Volume VI Overseas-Part 1]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary06londuoft#page/496/mode/2up Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary07londuoft Volume VII Naval-Part 3]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary07londuoft#page/478/mode/2up Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary08londuoft Volume VIII Military- Part 2]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary08londuoft#page/470/mode/2up Index]
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary09londuoft Volume IX Diplomatic-Part 3]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary09londuoft#page/502/mode/2up Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary10londuoft Volume X Overseas-Part 2]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary10londuoft#page/492/mode/2up Index]
|[https://archive.org/details/timesdocumentary11londuoft Volume XI Naval-Part 4]
[https://archive.org/stream/timesdocumentary11londuoft#page/504/mode/2up Index]
|
|-
|}
*''Current History:  A Monthly Magazine of the New York Times''. Initial volumes also had the title ''The European War''. A similar series issued quarterly (same content) included the title ''European War'' for all quarterly volumes up to Volume XX to October 1920. Archive.org
 
{|cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo01newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume I From the Beginning to March 1915]
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo01newyuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Contents]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo01newyuoft#page/1228/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo01newyuoft#page/1228/mode/2up Volume II April 1915-September 1915]
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo02newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Contents]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo02newyuoft#page/1224/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo03newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume III October 1915-March 1916]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo03newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Table of Contents and Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo04newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume IV April-September 1916]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo04newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index]
|-
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo05newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume V October 1916-March 1917]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo05newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo05newyuoft#page/618/mode/2up Index Part 2]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo06newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume VI April-September 1917] 
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo06newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo06newyuoft#page/570/mode/2up Index Part 2]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo07newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume VII October 1917-March 1918]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo07newyuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo07newyuoft#page/n645/mode/2up Index Part 2]
 
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo08newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume VIII April-September 1918]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo08newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo08newyuoft#page/570/mode/2up Index Part 2]
|-
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo09newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume IX October 1918-March 1919]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo09newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up  Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo09newyuoft#page/n649/mode/2up Index Part 2]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo10newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume X April-September 1919]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo10newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up    Index Part 1]-[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo10newyuoft#page/n637/mode/2up Index Part 2]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo11newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume XI October 1919-March 1920]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo11newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo12newyuoft#page/n1/mode/2up Volume XII]  No Index.
|-
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo13newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume XIII October 1920- March 1921]
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo13newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo14newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume XIV April-September 1921]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo14newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo15newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume XV October 1921-March 1922]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo15newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Index]
|[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo16newyuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Volume XVI April-September 1922]
 
[http://archive.org/stream/currenthistoryfo16newyuoft#page/n7/mode/2up Index]
|-
|}
The final volume of the quarterly series of the same monthly magazines, Volume XX of the quarterly series,  appears to be  an update of the earlier periods and may include content which is not included in the half yearly volumes. The content for the quarterly series up to June 1919 appears to be identical to the half yearly volumes. [http://archive.org/stream/newyorktimescurr20newyuoft#page/n3/mode/2up Volume XX July 1919-October 1920], [http://archive.org/stream/newyorktimescurr20newyuoft#page/n431/mode/2up    Cumulative Index of the quarterly series]. At least some of the quarterly editions are available on Archive.org
*''Source Records of the Great War'',  edited by Charles F Horne 1923. Archive.org.  Seven volumes: [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg01char  The Causes], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg02char 1914], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg03char 1915], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg04char  1916], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg05char  1917], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg06char  1918], [https://archive.org/details/sourcerecordsofg07char  1918-1919]
*[https://archive.org/details/IanHay1951ArmyNursing ''One Hundred Years of Army Nursing : The Story of the British Army Nursing Service from the time of Florence Nightingale to the present day''] by John Hay Beith  1953 Archive.org. Contains chapters on WW1


==References==
:Many editions  are available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India|Digital Library of India]] website, under the title ''Madras District Gazetteers''
<references />
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=qvkNAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''A Handbook for India: Being an Account of the Three Presidencies, and of the Overland Route; intended as a guide for Travellers, Officers and Civilians. Part I Madras''] by Edward B. Eastwick, published by John Murray 1859 Google Books
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/handbookmadrasp00firgoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''Handbook of the Madras Presidency''] by Edward B. Eastwick, published by John Murray 2nd edition, (almost entirely rewritten) 1879 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=alwOAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP7 ''Regulations and Acts in force within the Madras Presidency''] by Richard Clarke 1848 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=LNApAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5 ''Madras: Report of the Railway Department 1853''] Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/madrasitscivilad00smolrich  ''Madras: Its civil administration; being rough notes from personal observation written in 1855 and 1856''] by Patrick B Smollett 1858 Archive.org
*''Report on the administration of the Madras Presidency for the Year...''
:[http://books.google.com/books?id=_oAZAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover 1862-63] 1864, [http://books.google.com/books?id=5iUbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1 1864-65] 1866, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vUQbAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover 1865-66] 1866, [http://books.google.com/books?id=TRUTAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover 1867-68] 1868, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vhUTAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover 1868-69] 1869 Google Books; [http://www.archive.org/stream/reportonadminis00statgoog#page/n4/mode/2up  1869-70] 1870, [http://www.archive.org/stream/reportonadminis00goog#page/n4/mode/2up  1870-71] 1872 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=AAcoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5 ‪''The Indian Official Thesaurus‬: ‪Being Introductory to Annals of Indian Administration''] Compiled by Meredith Townsend 1858‬ ‪Google Books.  A guide to records.
*''The Annals of Indian Administration'', edited by Meredith Townsend and later George Smith. Selected extracts from the Records of the Indian, Bengal, Madras Bombay, NWP, and Punjab and perhaps other Governments. Google Books. Many additional volumes up to Volume 19 1873-74 may be viewed online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website.
**[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OqsEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP7 Part I 1856], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=YrAEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR6 Part VI 1858], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jrAEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP7  Volume 3, Part 2 June 1859], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p7AEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR4 Volume 4, Part 1 March 1860], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=frIEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP5 Volume 14 1868-69].
*Madras Almanac and Directory.There were various titles  over time.The following books are available to read online on [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website.
**''The Madras Almanac and Compendium of Intelligence''
***1857 Summary of contents, computer page 6, detailed contents, computer page 8
**''The Madras New Almanac and Compendium of Intelligence''
*** 1861 Summary of contents, computer page 8, detailed contents, computer page 10
**''The Asylum Press Almanack and Directory of Madras and Southern India''
***1918 Includes Burma. Summary of  Contents, computer page 26. General Index missing.
***1919 Includes Burma. Summary of Contents, computer page 30. General Index commences computer page 2116, but is  only two pages A- Bolarum
***1924 Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, computer page 44
***1925 Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, Computer page 54
***1928.Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, computer page 78
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=cxtYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP5 ‪''Manual of Rules and Regulations compiled for the use of Junior Members of the Madras Civil Service. Brought up to 31st January 1870'']‬  by William Donald Google Books
*''Memoirs of the life and correspondence of the Reverend Christian Frederick Swartz, to which is prefixed a Sketch of the history of Christianity in India'' by Hugh Pearson, Dean of Salisbury  2nd Edition 1835 [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=PHDMBnALbxUC&pg=PR3 Volume I], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=vsiRnK4F6egC&pg=PR1Volume II], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=x20eAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1 First American edition (abridged) 1835] Google Books
*''The Church in Madras : being the History of the Ecclesiastical and Missionary Action of the East India Company in the Presidency of Madras'' by  Rev Frank Penny 1904 Archive.org
:[http://www.archive.org/stream/churchinmadrasbe01penn#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume 1 In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries''] [http://www.archive.org/stream/churchinmadrasbe02penn#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume 2 1805 to 1835''] [http://www.archive.org/stream/churchinmadrasbe03penn#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume 3 1835 to 1861'']
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=YlIBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1 ''‪Memoir of an Indian Chaplain, the Reverend Charles Church, M.A‬, of the Madras Establishment of the East India Company''], by  Rev James Hough 1859 Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/RecordssportSou00Hami ''Records of sport in Southern India : chiefly on the Annamullay, Nielgherry and Pulney mountains, also including notes on Singapore, Java and Labuan, from journals written between 1844 and 1870''] by the late General Douglas Hamilton, Madras Army 1892 Archive.org. With many illustrations by the author.


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[[Category:Wars and Campaigns]]
[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:First World War| ]]
[[Category:Presidencies]]
[[Category:Madras Presidency| ]]

Revision as of 03:29, 14 May 2015

An adminsitrative subdivision of British India. The Madras Presidency covered the southern half of India and Ceylon (now called Sri Lanka).

See Presidencies in the Beginners' Guide

Maps

See also

External Links

Historical books online

Also see Madras (City)

Many editions are available to read online on the Digital Library of India website, under the title Madras District Gazetteers
1862-63 1864, 1864-65 1866, 1865-66 1866, 1867-68 1868, 1868-69 1869 Google Books; 1869-70 1870, 1870-71 1872 Archive.org
  • ‪The Indian Official Thesaurus‬: ‪Being Introductory to Annals of Indian Administration Compiled by Meredith Townsend 1858‬ ‪Google Books. A guide to records.
  • The Annals of Indian Administration, edited by Meredith Townsend and later George Smith. Selected extracts from the Records of the Indian, Bengal, Madras Bombay, NWP, and Punjab and perhaps other Governments. Google Books. Many additional volumes up to Volume 19 1873-74 may be viewed online on the Digital Library of India website.
  • Madras Almanac and Directory.There were various titles over time.The following books are available to read online on Digital Library of India website.
    • The Madras Almanac and Compendium of Intelligence
      • 1857 Summary of contents, computer page 6, detailed contents, computer page 8
    • The Madras New Almanac and Compendium of Intelligence
      • 1861 Summary of contents, computer page 8, detailed contents, computer page 10
    • The Asylum Press Almanack and Directory of Madras and Southern India
      • 1918 Includes Burma. Summary of Contents, computer page 26. General Index missing.
      • 1919 Includes Burma. Summary of Contents, computer page 30. General Index commences computer page 2116, but is only two pages A- Bolarum
      • 1924 Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, computer page 44
      • 1925 Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, Computer page 54
      • 1928.Includes Nizam’s Dominions, Mysore, Travancore and Cochin. Contents, computer page 78
  • ‪Manual of Rules and Regulations compiled for the use of Junior Members of the Madras Civil Service. Brought up to 31st January 1870‬ by William Donald Google Books
  • Memoirs of the life and correspondence of the Reverend Christian Frederick Swartz, to which is prefixed a Sketch of the history of Christianity in India by Hugh Pearson, Dean of Salisbury 2nd Edition 1835 Volume I, II, First American edition (abridged) 1835 Google Books
  • The Church in Madras : being the History of the Ecclesiastical and Missionary Action of the East India Company in the Presidency of Madras by Rev Frank Penny 1904 Archive.org
Volume 1 In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries Volume 2 1805 to 1835 Volume 3 1835 to 1861

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