List of doctors and surgeons and List of apothecaries: Difference between pages

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This article details some individual '''Apothecaries'''.  For general information and research guidance, see the main '''[[Apothecary]]''' article.
===FIBIS resources===
*"Assistant Surgeon RLW Beveridge, Indian Medical Department" by Allan Stanistreet ''FIBIS Journal Number 29 (Spring 2013)'' pages 28-29. He was appointed Sub-Conductor (Warrant Officer Class One)  and Assistant Surgeon 4th Grade in the Indian Subordinate Medical Department on 18 April 1910. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
*"Dr Christopher Francis Henry Quick, IMD" by Allan Stanistreet "[[FIBIS Journal]]l Number 30 (Autumn 2013'') pages 21-22


This article details some individual '''Doctors and Surgeons'''. For general information and research guidance, see the main [[Doctor]] article.
===Arthur Fitzgibbon===
''Medals  of the British army, and how they were won''  By Thomas Carter Published by Groombridge, 1861, states:
:"The youngest [[Victoria Cross|VC]] recipient is generally  regarded as Hospital Apprentice Arthur Fitzgibbon (15 years and 3  months), Indian Medical Establishment."


==Individuals==
The  following information, collected from various sources, some of which  give conflicting personal details, include his citation in The London  Gazette (issue 22538 dated 13 Aug 1861, published 13 Aug 1861) for the  action in the [[2nd China War]] of 1860. He was in the Bengal SMD.
A further list of surgeons, who found fame as [[botanists and naturalists]] can be found in that article.


===Bengal===
:{|
|ARTHUR  FITZGIBBON
|-
|Hospital Apprentice, Indian Medical  Establishment; attached [[67th Regiment of Foot|67th Regiment]]
|-
|Born: 13 May  1845, Gujarat, India Died: 7  March 1883, Delhi, India
|-
|Citation: For having behaved with great  coolness and courage at the capture of the [[ battle of Taku Forts 1860|North Taku Fort]] [near  Tientsin, China], on the 21st of August, 1860. On the morning of that  day he accompanied a wing of the 67th Regiment, when it took up a  position within 500 yards of the Fort. Having quitted cover, he  proceeded, under a very heavy fire, to attend to a Dhoolie-bearer, whose  wound he had been directed to bind up; and, while the Regiment was  advancing under the Enemy's fire, he ran across the open to attend to  another wounded man, in doing which he was himself severely wounded.
|-
|The [http://library.wellcome.ac.uk/ Wellcome Library]  (London) has some documents, including his baptism in 1845 at [[Almorah]] (NW India) under the name Andrew  Fitzgibbon.
|-
|[http://web.archive.org/web/20120719152551/http://www.ramcjournal.com/2008/mar08/starling.pdf  “The Youngest Victoria Cross: the Award of  the Victoria Cross to Andrew Fitzgibbon”] (pdf) by PH Starling from ''Journal of the  Royal Army Medical Corps March 2008'', now an archived page.
|}


*Gabriel Broughton was, perhaps, the most influential doctor in the history of British India. In the year 1636 the daughter of Mughal Emperor, Shah Jehan, was badly burnt following the upset of an oil lamp. The Emperor sent for the English ship's surgeon, Gabriel Broughton, who was able to assist her. In a later incident he treated another lady of the Emperor's harem. In reward for his services he asked that the East India Company be given a charter to trade in Bengal.
===Subordinate Medical Department in the Indian Mutiny===
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hamilton_(surgeon) William Hamilton] (Wikipedia), a surgeon, died 1717. In gratitude for the success of the medical treatment given to him by Hamilton, the Mughal Emperor, Furrukhsiyar, made generous gifts to the English surgeon. He also allowed the East India Company to purchase about 30 villages which enabled fortification of their position around Calcutta and greatly strengthened their trading presence in Bengal. Hamilton's profession, therefore, played a significant role in establishing the early influence of the East India Company. [http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=237&s_id=140  Photo of memorial  to Surgeon William Hamilton] on Fibis database
====London Gazette====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/diariesofthreesu00firm#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Diaries of Three Surgeons of Patna, 1763''] edited by W K  Firminger 1909. The diaries of William Anderson, Peter Campbell and William Fullarton (Fullerton) about the massacre at Patna in 1763. William Anderson died there. His diary is also published in the ''Calcutta Review, Volume 79 1884'' which is available online on the Digital Library of India website, computer page 349.(Search for Calcutta Review, Vol 79).  Refer [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Online books-Digital Library of India]] for more details about this site. William Fullerton was appointed Surgeon to the Calcutta General Hospital in 1744
The following names of staff mentioned, killed or wounded during the[[ Indian  Mutiny]] are from the books ''Bulletins and Other State Intelligence part 2, July-December for 1857''  and ''Bulletins and other State Intelligence for the Year 1858 in Four Parts'', first published in the London  Gazette (published in 1859 and 1860):
*John Farquhar Assistant Surgeon c 1794  was “better known for the large fortune which he acquired from the various speculations into which he entered", brief details are in  this [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924030697688#page/n45/mode/2up link] Archive.org
*William Lewis M'Gregor (or McGregor) 1801-1853. He gained his M.D. at Edinburgh 1825. He was appointed Assistant Surgeon 15 March 1826 and Surgeon 13 January 1842.<ref>''Roll of the Indian Medical Service 1615-1930'' by D.G. Crawford</ref> He took part in the [[1st Sikh War]] as surgeon of the [[1st Bengal (European) Fusiliers]], also known as the 1st European Light Infantry. He had also resided, for a time, at Lahore, as physician to Runjeet Singh,<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=sGcZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA546 ''Dublin University Magazine Volume 29, 1847''], page 546 Google Books </ref> the Sikh leader (who died in 1839).  M'Gregor wrote [http://books.google.com/books?id=HlUoAAAAYAAJ ''The History of the Sikhs Volume I''] and [http://books.google.com/books?id=5WJCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''The History of the Sikhs  containing an Account of the War between the Sikhs and the British in 1845-46 Volume II'']  both published in 1846 Google Books. He describes how at the end of 1836 he performed galvanism, a type of electric shock therapy on the ailing Runjeet Singh, [http://books.google.com/books?id=HlUoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA274 page 274 of Volume 1].  [http://books.google.com/books?id=VrcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA673 ''Allen’s Indian Mail''], page 673 reported M'Gregor’s death on 11 September 1853.
*John M'Cosh, generally written McCosh, joined the Bengal Medical Service in 1831 and retired in 1856. In 1833 he was travelling to Australia on sick leave when he was shipwrecked.  He spent two years in Assam<ref> [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=8MMRAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PR6  ''Topography of Assam''] by John M'Cosh 1837, page vi</ref> and served in the [[2nd Sikh War]] and the [[2nd Burma War]], where he was a pioneer photographer.<ref> [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=NsolmLbz8igC&pg=PA49 ''Photography: a Cultural History''], page 49 by Mary Warner Marien 2006 Google Books</ref> For further details  see [[Photographer|Photographer-Individuals]]. He also wrote poetry.<br>
:His books and articles include
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=kHgBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA3  ''Narrative of the wreck of the lady Munro, on the desolate island of Amsterdam, October, 1833''] by J M'Cosh, Assistant Surgeon Hon. East India Company, Bengal Service 1835 Google Books
:*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=8MMRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR5 ''Topography of Assam''] by John M'Cosh 1837. Google Books 
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=4y5WftsInfgC&printsec=frontcover  ''Medical Advice to the Indian Stranger''] by John M'Cosh M.D. (1841).  Google Books
:*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=h9cRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA50  "On an Overland Route Between Calcutta and China"] by J McCosh MD, late Bengal Medical Staff ''Colburn’s United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal'' 1861 Part 2 page 50
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=EX4FAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA369 Obituary of Surgeon Major Allan Webb], died 15 September 1863, age 55, entered the Bengal Medical Service in 1835.  A [http://books.google.com/books?id=CrlXAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA498 second] obituary. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2325962/?page=1 Obituary from the British Medical Journal]. For many years from 1842, in addition to his other positions, he was surgeon to the [[Orphans#Lower_Orphan_School|Lower Orphan School]], Calcutta, probably until his retirement, or close to it.
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=DlpHAAAAIAAJ ''Autobiography of an Indian Army Surgeon: Or, Leaves Turned Down from a Journal''] by Wilmington Walford M.D. (published 1854) Google Books.
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_J._Mouat Frederic John Mouat] 1816-1897, Bengal Surgeon, was a leading figure in the field of education and prison reform, ca 1840-1870  Wikipedia His [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2433148/?page=1 Obituary] was published in the British Medical Journal. 
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=_fZaAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Observations on the nosological arrangement of the Bengal medical returns''] by Frederic John Mouat  Assistant Surgeon, Bengal Army, Professor of Materia Medica and Medical Jurisprudence in the Bengal Medical College 1845 Google Books<br>
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=KBMbAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Report on jails visited and inspected in Bengal, Behar and Arracan''] by Frederic John Mouat Inspector of Jails, Lower Provinces 1856 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=EX4FAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA369 Obituary of Assistant-Surgeon W. J. Thomson], Civil Surgeon of Gurgaon (near Delhi), who died 1863. He had “an early death” and appears to have joined the Bengal Medical Service after 1858.
*[http://antiquecannabisbook.com/chap2B/Shaughnessy/Shaughnessy.htm Dr. William Brooke O'Shaughnessy (1809-1889)], modernised treatment for cholera, introduced cannabis to Western medicine, laid first telegraph system in Asia.
:*[http://www.archive.org/stream/memoirofsurgeonm00adamrich#page/n11/mode/2up ''Memoir of Surgeon-Major Sir W. O'Shaughnessy Brooke...etc''] by M Adams (1889)  Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/recollectionska00dukegoog#page/n12/mode/2up ''Recollections of the Kabul campaign 1879 & 1880''] by Joshua Duke, Bengal Medical Service 1883 Archive.org
*Captain J. R. Roberts, I. M. S., Agency Surgeon at [[Gilgit]] took many of the photographs in the book [http://www.archive.org/stream/makingoffrontier00durarich#page/n15/mode/2up ''Making of a frontier: five years' experiences and adventures in Gilgit, Hunza, Nagar, Chitral & the eastern Hindu-Kush''] by Algernon Durand 1900 Archive.org, and is mentioned page xi of the Preface.


===Madras===
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=0tU1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1687 ''Nominal Roll of Europeans Killed, Wounded,  and Missing, in the Army under the command of his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief.'']  Head-Quarters, Camp before Lucknow. March 14, 1858
*Colly Lyon Lucas joined the EIC’s service 9 January 1764. "A Lucas Family: From Ireland to India" by David Atkinson [[FIBIS Journals|''FIBIS Journal'']] ''Number 26 Autumn 2011'', pages 11-25
::- 3rd  Brigade,  Bengal Horse Artillery. Officiating Apothecary R. W. Beale, severe contusion on 8th instant.
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=wgsDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA3 ''Diseases of India''] by Sir James Annesley, 3rd edition. Google books. Commences with details of his career as a Military Surgeon in the Madras Presidency from 1800 until he retired in 1838, after five years on the Medical Board.
::- Her Majesty's 23rd Fusiliers. Hospital  Apprentice R. Pereira, severe contusion
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Green_Balfour Edward Green Balfour] (Wikipedia) ,appointed assistant surgeon in the Madras Medical Service and sailed for India 1834. Retired 1876. [http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2019%20No%2023/otherstories.html#story3 Pages from History: Edward the green Balfour] ''Madras Musings'' March 16-31 2010
*George Edward Aldred was appointed an Assistant Surgeon in the Madras Medical Service on the 20th of April 1847. This [http://www.britishmedals.us/kevin/profiles/aldred.html page] from Asplin Military History shows the appointment procedures. He was [[Courts-martial|court martialled]] for unbecoming conduct in July 1848 and dismissed, as this [http://books.google.com/books?id=WhcYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA589 item] from ''Allen’s Indian Mail 1848'' shows, but subsequently reinstated.


===Bombay===
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=0tU1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1886 ''List of Europeans Killed by the hands of Rebels''], as per Return furnished by the Magistrate of Delhi, between May 11 and October 24, 1857
*[http://www.iranica.com/articles/jukes-andrew-british-east-india-company-surgeon Andrew Jukes] from Encyclopedia Iranica.  Appointed  Assistant Surgeon 1798.
::- Mr. T. Corbet,  Sub. Medical Department, Delhi.
*''Narrative of the Campaign of the Indus in Sind and Kaubool in 1838-9'' by Richard Hartley Kennedy M.D.  Chief of the Medical Staff of the Bombay Division of the Army of the Indus. 1840 [http://books.google.com/books?id=BmVEAAAAIAAJ Volume 1] [http://books.google.com/books?id=UWVEAAAAIAAJ Volume 2]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Vandyke_Carter Henry Vandyke Carter] 1831-1897 (Wikipedia) provided the drawings for the famous medical text book Gray’s Anatomy. He later joined the Bombay Medical Service where he had a distinguished research career and was Principal of the Grant Medical College Bombay.
:*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2433698/?page=1 Obituary in the ''British Medical Journal''] dated 15 May 1897
:*Details of his youth and final years in [http://www.coulsons.co.uk/index_BluePlaque.htm  Scarborough]
:*[http://www.baylorhealth.edu/proceedings/22_4/22_4_flatt.pdf  “Happy Birthday, Gray’s Anatomy”] by Adrian E Flatt. 2009. Contains some biographical details.
:*[http://www.leprosyhistory.org/cgi-bin/showdetails.pl?ID=11&type=person  Dr Vandyke Carter, Doctor] from  History of Leprosy, an initiative of the International Leprosy Association
:*”Causation Controversies in India: the Leprosy Career of Henry Vandyke Carter” Chapter 2, page 55 (online page 67) from [http://issuu.com/malpani/docs/leprosyinbombay ''Leprosy in the Bombay Presidency 1840-1897 Perceptions and Approaches to its Control''] . A PhD thesis in History by Shubhada S Pandya 2001
:*[http://library.wellcome.ac.uk/assets/wtl040084.pdf List of Carter Papers in the Wellcome Institute], with  a Biographical  Note
*John Henry Sylvester was appointed to the Bombay Medical Service in 1853.  His book [http://books.google.com/books?id=F3UIAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Recollections of the campaign in Malwa and Central India: under Major General Sir Hugh Rose''] by Assistant Surgeon John Henry Sylvester 1860 Google Books is about the campaign during the Indian Mutiny. C 1875 he wrote a manuscript which was published in 1971 by Macmillan, London under the title ''Cavalry surgeon : the recollections of Deputy Surgeon-General John Henry Sylvester, Bombay Army''.  Available at the [[British Library]]  Review of the book (Scroll to bottom) [http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:xKjrfHWDQxEJ:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1795990/pdf/brmedj02262-0077d.pdf+Cavalry+surgeon+:+the+recollections+of+Deputy+Surgeon-General+John+Henry+Sylvester,+Bombay+Army.&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjrbUdwtJDF7N65JWfWtWRKIEk46j8OUwwc8i0-eeAFHL-z-nFLJqM4Zes1PyoF_vSGEi0en15FATSnjysFFKyE-5SqrGsUndnvXnBNoByu6x69qbQzXEbCfPZgA6qpgca10l6a&sig=AHIEtbSNHt4qH6GQ4wh58PNKJIM4nXPKKw html version], [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1795990/pdf/brmedj02262-0077d.pdf original pdf] which says "It’s description of ruthless fighting on the North-west frontier has no equal but Winston Churchhill’s Malakand Field Force". This [http://www.ampltd.co.uk/digital_guides/india_during_the_raj_parts_1_and_2/biographical-notes-on-diarists-part-2.aspx link], scroll down, gives details of his service: He served in the Bombay Medical Service from 1853-1875. He saw service during the Persian campaign 1856-1857, Indian Mutiny, the Central India campaign, action at Mundesur, Jhansi, the battles of the Betwa and Kunch and the capture of Kalpi and Gwalior. In 1863 he was present on the North West Frontier and then saw action at Buner pass and the burning of Ambela
*George Edward Seward, who joined the Bombay Medical Service in 1855, is the subject of this India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2011-04/1302658336 post]. His service included that of Medical Officer and Cantonment Magistrate at Baroda, where he was instrumental in discovering poison in the cup given through the Gaekwar’s agents to Sir Robert Phayre in 1874, later giving evidence at the famous Baroda trial. 
*[http://www.bmj.com/cgi/pdf_extract/1/5229/908 Obituary of R Markham Carter] 1875-1961 from the ''British Medical Journal''.  A large part of his career was in Bombay. He was renowned for the stand he took in respect of the appalling conditions suffered by casualties at Basra in Mesopotamia during the [[First World War]].


===Indian Medical Service===
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=0tU1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA2096 ''Return of Killed and Wounded of the 2nd Brigade Nerbudda Field Force during the Siege and Attack of Rathghur''.] (Bombay Presidency, around March 1858)
*Captain Robert Douglas Scriven of the Indian Medical Service was awarded the Military Cross<ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/35670/supplements/3601/page.pdf London Gazette Tuesday 18 August 1942]</ref> for his escape in 1942 from a Japanese P.O.W. camp, following the fall of Hong Kong in December 1941 His story is told in this [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1469554/Colonel-Tony-Hewitt.html obituary of Colonel Tony Hewitt].<ref>
::- 1st Troop Horse Artillery. Assistant Apothecary W. Conway, wounded dangerously, ball  through head
[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1469554/Colonel-Tony-Hewitt.html Obituary of Colonel Tony Hewitt] www.telegraph.co.uk 17 Aug 2004</ref>


===Royal Army Medical Corps and the earlier British Army Medical Services===
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=DNI1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1616 Benares, June 1857] Killed, One apothecary, Her Majesty’s 10th, murdered by 37th [N.I.] men (Vol 2,1857, report commences page 1616, death listed page 1620)
*Sir James McGrigor, later Director-General of the Army Medical Department, spent a short time in Bombay and Ceylon with the [[88th Regiment of Foot]] from mid 1799.  [http://books.google.com/books?id=AE40AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA92 Chapter VI of his autobiography]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=AE40AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA92 ''The Autobiography and Services of Sir James McGrigor, bart., late Director-General of the Army Medical Department, with an appendix of notes and original correspondence], Chapter VI, page 92 1861 Google Books</ref>
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Leith_Adams Andrew Leith Adams] (Wikipedia) travelled to India in 1849 with the [[64th Regiment of Foot]] and remained for seven years. [http://books.google.com/books?id=vGkUAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Wanderings of a naturalist in India: the western Himalayas, and Cashmere''] by Andrew Leith Adams MD (1867) Google Books.
*[http://www.ramcjournal.com/2009/mar09/starling.pdf “War in Burma-the Award of the Victoria Cross to Ferdinand Simeon Le Quesne"] (pdf) by PH Starling from ''Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps March 2009''. The award was for action in [[Burma]] 4 May 1889 when he was a Surgeon Captain with the [[9th Regiment of Foot|2nd Norfolk Regiment]]. He would have been part of the British Army Medical Services at this time, not the Indian Medical Service. He had later (broken) service in Burma and India until 1909.
*[http://intotibet1903-04.blogspot.com/2008/12/2nd-rajput-mess-alipore-calcutta.html Field Force to Lhasa 1903-1904]. Fifty letters home by Captain Cecil Mainprise of the Royal Army Medical Corps who took part in the [[Tibet Expedition]]. His [http://www.jstor.org/pss/25360117 obituary] in the ''British Medical Journal'' 3 March 1951 indicates he had further service in India, including the [[3rd Afghan War]] of 1919.
*[http://www.scotsatwar.org.uk/veteransreminiscences/rhgirdwood.htm Reminiscences of Professor R H Girdwood, Royal Army Medical Corps, WW2] scotsatwar.org.uk


===Other===
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=DNI1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1622 Benares 4 June 1857] HM 10th Regiment of Foot: Killed:   Hospital Apprentice Edwin Courtenay Jackson, gunshot wounds, head, hip, and thigh; killed while proceeding with hospital supplies to the scene of action (Vol 2,1857, p1622).
*Theodore Ludvig Frederick Folly was a Danish surgeon who worked in the Danish colony of [[Tranquebar]]  [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1251641/ “The Medical Skills of the Malabar Doctors in Tranquebar, India, as Recorded by Surgeon T L F Folly, 1798”] by Niklas Thode Jensen, PhD student  Med Hist. 2005 October 1; 49(4): 489–515.
*[http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/european-adventurers-scholars-and-officials/honigberger-doctorjohn-martin.html Dr John Martin Honigberger] 1795-1865 was physician to the court of Lahore for periods from 1829 to 1849 and known to his Sikh contemporaries as Martin Sahib. The Sikh Encyclopedia [http://books.google.com/books?id=log_dbAdQ4gC&dq=Honigberger&pg=PP15 ''Thirty-five years in the East: Adventures, discoveries, experiments, and historical sketches, relating to the Punjab and Cashmere; in connection with medicine, botany, pharmacy, etc. Together with an original materia medica; and a medical vocabulary, in four European and five Eastern languages''] by John Martin Honigberger, late Physician to the Court of Lahore 1852 Google Books. The article "From the Land of Dracula to an English Rectory, vai the Sikh Court and India's Forests" by Peter Hubert [[FIBIS Journals|''FIBIS Journal'']] ''Number 26, Autumn 2011'', pages 2-10.
*John Williamson Palmer 1825-1906 was an American doctor, appointed, in Hong Kong, surgeon on the EIC war steamer Phlegethon (Bengal Marine). The previous surgeon, returning from a dinner party had slipped overboard and was drowned. The Phlegethon took part in the [[2nd Burma War]] in 1852-1853 and [http://books.google.com/books?id=CIUoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3 ''The golden Dagon, or, Up and down the Irrawaddi: being passages of adventure in the Burman Empire''] by John Williamson Palmer 1856 Google Books details his experiences. He also wrote  [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924022250405#page/n337/mode/2up/ "The Chorus of the Palanquin Bearers"], a description of his transit through Cossitollah Street, Calcutta. <ref>  reprinted in ''Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet, littérateur, scientist'', page 330 by William Sloane Kennedy 1883, Archive.org, originally from ''Atlantic Monthly'', January 1858 </ref>  [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=FKXovyWeMYIC&pg=PA389 Biographical details] <ref> ''"Words for the hour": a new anthology of American Civil War poetry'', edited  by Faith Barrett, Cristanne Miller Google Books </ref>
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/glimpseofindiabe1909swai#page/n7/mode/2up ''A Glimpse of India being a collection of extracts from the letters Dr. Clara A. Swain, first medical missionary to India of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church in America''] 1909 Archive.org and [http://www.archive.org/stream/claraaswainmdfi00socigoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''Clara A. Swain, M.D.: first medical missionary to the women of the Orient''] by Mrs. Robert Hoskins. 1912 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/pennellafghanfr00penngoog#page/n12/mode/1up ''Pennell of the Afghan frontier; the life of Theodore Leighton Pennell, M.D., B. SC., F.R.C.S. Kaisar-i-Hind medal for public service in India''] by Alice Maud Pennell 1914. Dr Pennell of the Bannu Medical Mission died at the age of 44.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dridathestoryofd010071mbp#page/n5/mode/2up ''Dr Ida: The Story Of Dr Ida Scudder Of Vellore''] by Dorothy Clarke Wilson 1959. Archive.org. Dr Ida Scudder was an American medical missionary who practised as a doctor in India from c 1900, who was the driving force behind the establishment of the  Vellore Christian Medical College and Hospital
*[http://gaebler.info/india/selzer.htm ''World War II in British India''] by Hermann M. Selzer, M. D. Born a Polish Jew, he studied medicine in Germany and Italy and worked with his wife, as  doctors in Lahore from the late 1930s. In December 1940, the family was arrested and taken as enemy aliens to first Purandhar and then Satara internment camps in Southern India until August 1946, when they were released and returned to Lahore. gaebler.info
*Laura and Charles Hope were Baptist medical missionaries from Australia, for most of the period 1893 to 1934, as described in the [http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A140557b.htm Australian Dictionary of Biography].


== External links ==
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=09M1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA886 Oude Irregular Force:] Apothecary Thompson is mentioned in the  following reports:
::[http://books.google.com/books?id=09M1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA123 ''No. 2. General Orders by the Governor-General of India  in Council''] (Fort William December  5, 1857) (No  1,543.)  (report commences page 119, mention page 123) THE Governor-General in  Council has received from Brigadier Inglis, of Her Majesty s 32nd  Regiment, lately commanding the garrison in Lucknow, the subjoined  report of the defence of the Residency in that city, from the first- threatened  attack upon it on the 29th of June to the arrival of the force under [[James Outram|Major-General  Sir J. Outram GCB]], and the lamented [[Henry Havelock|Major-General Sir H.  Havelock KCB]] on the 25th of September.


[http://digital.nls.uk/indiapapers/index.html Medical History of British India - National Library of Scotland]
:::"The medical officers of the garrison are  well entitled to the cordial thanks of the Government of India. The  attention, skill, and energy, evinced by...., and of Mr. Apothecary  Thompson, are spoken of in high terms by Brigadier Inglis."
 
::[http://books.google.com/books?id=09M1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA144 ''No. 3. Brigadier Inglis, Commanding Garrison  of Lucknow. to the Secretary to the Government, Military Department,  Calcutta.''] (Lucknow. September 26, 1857) (report  commences page 127, mention page 144)
 
:::"I beg particularly to call the attention  of the Government, of India to the untiring industry, the extreme  devotion, and the great skill which have been evinced by Surgeons  ....and by Mr. Apothecary Thompson—in the discharge of their onerous and most important  duties." 
 
:*''[http://books.google.com/books?id=09M1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA667 Transferred to the Medical College  Hospital, from Allahabad, as sick and wounded.]''  (Along with many from the 1st Madras Fusiliers, possibly around October  1857)
::- Assistant-Apothecary J.  C. Ellis
::- Hospital Apprentice John Volkers.
 
:*''[http://books.google.com/books?id=09M1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA807 Numerical Return of Killed and  Wounded of the Troops composing the Garrison of Lucknow]'',  from the 25th of September, 1857, to the 9th of November, 1857, under  Brigadier J. Inglis. Commanding. Lucknow, November 12, 1857 - One hospital  apprentice of H.M.'s 32nd Regiment, mortally wounded, since dead, is not  included in the above.
 
:*''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Tqc1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA3477 From the Nominal Roll of Casualties  in Brigadier Berkeley's Field Force on the 17th July, 1858.]''  Camp, Soraon, July 19, 1858. Assistant Apothecary George Wade, Royal  Horse Artillery, killed by round shot.
====Other====
*Subordinate Medical Department staff are listed in the article [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GrICAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA137  "The First Bengal European Fusiliiers in the Delhi Campaign"] from ''Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine Volume 83, January-June 1858'', page 137 Google Books
 
===Names from other sources===
*From Stephen  Lewis's [http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/memindz1.htm  Soldiers Memorials], [http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/menM1.htm  Graves in India, letter M].  Grave at Quetta - "Sacred to the  memory of Alfred Fitzherbert Marshall. Extra Assistant Steward 3rd Light  Cavalry. 2nd son of Charles Marshall, Apothecary Lunatic Asylum  Calcutta who departed this life on the 6th day of August 1859 aged 22  years and 2 days, deeply lamented by his parents. He served in the late  Volunteer Cavalry throughout the Mutiny and was wounded at Lucknow when  proceeding to the relief of that Garrison with the late General  Havelock's force.”
 
*'''Murder of Apothecary  Healy''' (sometimes spelt Healey)  by tribesmen, while travelling to his unit (1850). See [http://books.google.com/books?id=axgYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA281 ''Allen's Indian Mail''  page 281], also [http://books.google.com/books?id=axgYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA313 p313], [http://books.google.com/books?id=axgYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA351 p351] and [http://books.google.com/books?id=vRoCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA394 ''Medical Times'',  Jan-June  1850 p394].
 
*'''Apothecary Daly'''  (1821) and '''Assistant  Apothecary Everard''' (1824)  charged with being drunk while treating patients, from a book about [http://books.google.com/books?id=FukGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA597 Law in India, published 1825 (page  597)].  The Daly court martial  is also mentioned in [http://books.google.com/books?id=9SYYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA479 this link (page 497)].
 
*''' Senior Assistant Apothecary''', John Barnes, attached to the  garrison hospital of Cannamore {Madras Presidency] was found guilty of  having embezzled stores in 1832 and was sentenced to be dismissed from  the service of the Honourable East India Company. The Commander in Chief  considered the sentence insufficient “as the value of the drugs stolen  may frequently exceed the value of the situation lost.”  [http://books.google.com/books?id=KzGj7UiAY_cC&pg=PA284 London Medical and Surgical Journal  Volume 4 1834 page 284] 
 
*'''Assistant Apothecary Burgess''' murders '''Assistant Apothecary O’Brien''' in 1840 at [[Kamptee]] (Madras Presidency) and is  sentenced to be hanged, but his sentence is commuted into  “Transportation beyond the seas” ([http://books.google.com/books?id=vSsYAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA234 ''Asiatic journal''  1841, page 234]). Note at  least some convicts were sent to [[Australia]].
         
*Not all reports about Apothecaries were  good (Kurratchee ([[Karachi]]),  Bombay Presidency 1840’s) [http://books.google.com/books?id=wT6gAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA252 ''The Westminster Review''  Published 1846, page 252]
 
*In [[Singapore]] in November 1826, there was a  case of attempted poisoning when a '''Hospital Apprentice, James Bagley''', was caught in the act of putting  something poisonous into the food of his fellow apprentice, '''John Leicester''', after they had a quarrel. [http://smj.sma.org.sg/1501/1501smj15.pdf  “Forensic Medicine in Early Singapore Part I 1819-1839”] by YK Lee ''Singapore Medical Journal''  1974 Mar 15(1) p 84-90
 
*This [http://books.google.com/books?id=xRcYAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA6-PA105 link] gives the names of several hospital  apprentices who were dismissed, together with some appointed in Bengal  1839
 
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=-yS1AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA212 "The case of '''Assistant Apothecary F D’Sylva'''"] -court martial in Burmah. ''The Madras Monthly Journal of Medical Science, Volume 3, January-June 1871'', page 212


==Notes==
==Notes==
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[[Category:Indian Medical Service]]
[[Category:Lists of people by occupation|apoth]]
[[Category:Health]]
[[Category:Lists of people by occupation]]

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This article details some individual Apothecaries. For general information and research guidance, see the main Apothecary article.

FIBIS resources

  • "Assistant Surgeon RLW Beveridge, Indian Medical Department" by Allan Stanistreet FIBIS Journal Number 29 (Spring 2013) pages 28-29. He was appointed Sub-Conductor (Warrant Officer Class One) and Assistant Surgeon 4th Grade in the Indian Subordinate Medical Department on 18 April 1910. See FIBIS Journals for details of how to access this article
  • "Dr Christopher Francis Henry Quick, IMD" by Allan Stanistreet "FIBIS Journall Number 30 (Autumn 2013) pages 21-22

Arthur Fitzgibbon

Medals of the British army, and how they were won By Thomas Carter Published by Groombridge, 1861, states:

"The youngest VC recipient is generally regarded as Hospital Apprentice Arthur Fitzgibbon (15 years and 3 months), Indian Medical Establishment."

The following information, collected from various sources, some of which give conflicting personal details, include his citation in The London Gazette (issue 22538 dated 13 Aug 1861, published 13 Aug 1861) for the action in the 2nd China War of 1860. He was in the Bengal SMD.

ARTHUR FITZGIBBON
Hospital Apprentice, Indian Medical Establishment; attached 67th Regiment
Born: 13 May 1845, Gujarat, India Died: 7 March 1883, Delhi, India
Citation: For having behaved with great coolness and courage at the capture of the North Taku Fort [near Tientsin, China], on the 21st of August, 1860. On the morning of that day he accompanied a wing of the 67th Regiment, when it took up a position within 500 yards of the Fort. Having quitted cover, he proceeded, under a very heavy fire, to attend to a Dhoolie-bearer, whose wound he had been directed to bind up; and, while the Regiment was advancing under the Enemy's fire, he ran across the open to attend to another wounded man, in doing which he was himself severely wounded.
The Wellcome Library (London) has some documents, including his baptism in 1845 at Almorah (NW India) under the name Andrew Fitzgibbon.
“The Youngest Victoria Cross: the Award of the Victoria Cross to Andrew Fitzgibbon” (pdf) by PH Starling from Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps March 2008, now an archived page.

Subordinate Medical Department in the Indian Mutiny

London Gazette

The following names of staff mentioned, killed or wounded during theIndian Mutiny are from the books Bulletins and Other State Intelligence part 2, July-December for 1857 and Bulletins and other State Intelligence for the Year 1858 in Four Parts, first published in the London Gazette (published in 1859 and 1860):

- 3rd Brigade, Bengal Horse Artillery. Officiating Apothecary R. W. Beale, severe contusion on 8th instant.
- Her Majesty's 23rd Fusiliers. Hospital Apprentice R. Pereira, severe contusion
- Mr. T. Corbet, Sub. Medical Department, Delhi.
- 1st Troop Horse Artillery. Assistant Apothecary W. Conway, wounded dangerously, ball through head
  • Benares, June 1857 Killed, One apothecary, Her Majesty’s 10th, murdered by 37th [N.I.] men (Vol 2,1857, report commences page 1616, death listed page 1620)
  • Benares 4 June 1857 HM 10th Regiment of Foot: Killed: Hospital Apprentice Edwin Courtenay Jackson, gunshot wounds, head, hip, and thigh; killed while proceeding with hospital supplies to the scene of action (Vol 2,1857, p1622).
No. 2. General Orders by the Governor-General of India in Council (Fort William December 5, 1857) (No 1,543.) (report commences page 119, mention page 123) THE Governor-General in Council has received from Brigadier Inglis, of Her Majesty s 32nd Regiment, lately commanding the garrison in Lucknow, the subjoined report of the defence of the Residency in that city, from the first- threatened attack upon it on the 29th of June to the arrival of the force under Major-General Sir J. Outram GCB, and the lamented Major-General Sir H. Havelock KCB on the 25th of September.
"The medical officers of the garrison are well entitled to the cordial thanks of the Government of India. The attention, skill, and energy, evinced by...., and of Mr. Apothecary Thompson, are spoken of in high terms by Brigadier Inglis."
No. 3. Brigadier Inglis, Commanding Garrison of Lucknow. to the Secretary to the Government, Military Department, Calcutta. (Lucknow. September 26, 1857) (report commences page 127, mention page 144)
"I beg particularly to call the attention of the Government, of India to the untiring industry, the extreme devotion, and the great skill which have been evinced by Surgeons ....and by Mr. Apothecary Thompson—in the discharge of their onerous and most important duties."
- Assistant-Apothecary J. C. Ellis
- Hospital Apprentice John Volkers.

Other

Names from other sources

  • From Stephen Lewis's Soldiers Memorials, Graves in India, letter M. Grave at Quetta - "Sacred to the memory of Alfred Fitzherbert Marshall. Extra Assistant Steward 3rd Light Cavalry. 2nd son of Charles Marshall, Apothecary Lunatic Asylum Calcutta who departed this life on the 6th day of August 1859 aged 22 years and 2 days, deeply lamented by his parents. He served in the late Volunteer Cavalry throughout the Mutiny and was wounded at Lucknow when proceeding to the relief of that Garrison with the late General Havelock's force.”
  • Senior Assistant Apothecary, John Barnes, attached to the garrison hospital of Cannamore {Madras Presidency] was found guilty of having embezzled stores in 1832 and was sentenced to be dismissed from the service of the Honourable East India Company. The Commander in Chief considered the sentence insufficient “as the value of the drugs stolen may frequently exceed the value of the situation lost.” London Medical and Surgical Journal Volume 4 1834 page 284
  • Assistant Apothecary Burgess murders Assistant Apothecary O’Brien in 1840 at Kamptee (Madras Presidency) and is sentenced to be hanged, but his sentence is commuted into “Transportation beyond the seas” (Asiatic journal 1841, page 234). Note at least some convicts were sent to Australia.
  • In Singapore in November 1826, there was a case of attempted poisoning when a Hospital Apprentice, James Bagley, was caught in the act of putting something poisonous into the food of his fellow apprentice, John Leicester, after they had a quarrel. “Forensic Medicine in Early Singapore Part I 1819-1839” by YK Lee Singapore Medical Journal 1974 Mar 15(1) p 84-90
  • This link gives the names of several hospital apprentices who were dismissed, together with some appointed in Bengal 1839

Notes

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