POW Camps in India: Difference between revisions

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*[http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/opinion/time-to-settle-old-score-1.1201161?ot=inmsa.ArticlePrintPageLayout.ot Time to settle old score] 20 December 20 2011. iol.co.za. Contains reference to the playing of cricket in the camps, particularly in Ceylon, and contains a photograph of the Ahmednagar Boer Cricket Club in India who  "played frequently against their British guards"
*[http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/opinion/time-to-settle-old-score-1.1201161?ot=inmsa.ArticlePrintPageLayout.ot Time to settle old score] 20 December 20 2011. iol.co.za. Contains reference to the playing of cricket in the camps, particularly in Ceylon, and contains a photograph of the Ahmednagar Boer Cricket Club in India who  "played frequently against their British guards"
*[http://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/boer-prisoners-held-by-the-british-army-at-kakul-india-news-photo/56928889 Photograph of Boer prisoners held by the British army at Kakul, India (now in Pakistan) during the Second Boer War, 1902]. Getty Images
*[http://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/boer-prisoners-held-by-the-british-army-at-kakul-india-news-photo/56928889 Photograph of Boer prisoners held by the British army at Kakul, India (now in Pakistan) during the Second Boer War, 1902]. Getty Images
*[http://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajch/article/view/64696 Abstract] of an article "The erection and maintenance of monuments to Boer prisoners of war in India 1902-1948" by J Wassermann ''South African Journal of Cultural History''  Volume 24, No 2 (2010)


==First World War==
==First World War==
===Historical books online===
===Historical books online===
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/reportsonbritish00inteuoft#page/n3/mode/2up ''Reports on British prison-camps in India and Burma, visited by the International Red Cross Committee in February, March and April, 1917''] 1917 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/reportsonbritish00inteuoft#page/6/mode/2up  Contents]
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/reportsonbritish00inteuoft#page/n3/mode/2up ''Reports on British prison-camps in India and Burma, visited by the International Red Cross Committee in February, March and April, 1917''] 1917 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/reportsonbritish00inteuoft#page/6/mode/2up  Contents]
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*Group I – [[Bangalore]]: Camps 1 to 8 - Italian prisoners.  
*Group I – [[Bangalore]]: Camps 1 to 8 - Italian prisoners.  
*Group II – Bhopal: Camps 9 to 16 – Italian prisoners. Camp 16 was a hospital. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_Bairagarh Bhopal Bairagarh] (Wikipedia)
*Group II – Bhopal: Camps 9 to 16 – Italian prisoners. Camp 16 was a hospital. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_Bairagarh Bhopal Bairagarh] (Wikipedia)
*Group III – Ramgarh: Camps 17 to 20 – German Civil Internees and later Italian prisoners. Had a punishment camp for difficult Italian POWs Ramgarh was near [[Hazaribagh]]
*Group III – Ramgarh: Camps 17 to 20 – German Civil Internees and later Italian prisoners. Had a punishment camp for difficult Italian POWs Ramgarh was near [[Hazaribagh]]. It was used as a POW camp up to  May 1942 when the POWs were  moved out and the United States Chinese Training Command was established there.
*Group IV - Clement Town ([[Dehra Dun]]): Camps 21 to 24 – Separated in Wings 1: pro-Nazi, 2: anti-Nazi, 3: Italians. One of the camps was a *Central Internment Camp.  
*Group IV - Clement Town ([[Dehra Dun]]): Camps 21 to 24 – Separated in Wings 1: pro-Nazi, 2: anti-Nazi, 3: Italians. One of the camps was a *Central Internment Camp.  
*Group V – YOL: Camps 25 to 28 – Italian prisoners.  Yol was situated near [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharamsala Dharamsala] (Wikipedia)
*Group V – YOL: Camps 25 to 28 – Italian prisoners.  Yol was situated near [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharamsala Dharamsala] (Wikipedia)
*Group VI – Bikaner: Camp 29 – Japanese prisoners. It was also a punishment camps for difficult Italian POWs.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikaner Bikaner] (Wikipedia)
*Group VI – Bikaner: Camp 29 – Japanese prisoners. It was also a punishment camps for difficult Italian POWs.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikaner Bikaner] (Wikipedia)
*Central Internment Camp ([[Dehra Dun]] / Premnagar): This was mixed civilian internment and prisoner-of-war camp. Italian prisoners of war and German civilian internees housed in separate camps. WING 1 and WING 6 held German internees.  
*Central Internment Camp ([[Dehra Dun]] / Premnagar): This was mixed civilian internment and prisoner-of-war camp. Italian prisoners of war and German civilian internees housed in separate camps. Wing 1 and Wing 6 held German internees.  
*Delhi – Japanese Camp: [[Delhi]] housed the Japanese prisoners captured in Burma.  
*Delhi – Japanese Camp: [[Delhi]] housed the Japanese prisoners captured in Burma.  
*Deoli – Civil Internment Camp: Deoli housed German civilian internees and Japanese civilian internees. It was also a punishment colony for Germans. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoli,_Rajasthan Deoli] (Wikipedia)
*Deoli – Civil Internment Camp: Deoli housed German civilian internees and Japanese civilian internees. It was also a punishment colony for Germans. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoli,_Rajasthan Deoli] (Wikipedia)
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*[http://indianbanknote.blogspot.com.au/2010/05/india-prisoner-of-war-coupons.html  Indian Banknote: India: Prisoner-of-War Coupons] Money used in the Prisoner-of-War Camps  
*[http://indianbanknote.blogspot.com.au/2010/05/india-prisoner-of-war-coupons.html  Indian Banknote: India: Prisoner-of-War Coupons] Money used in the Prisoner-of-War Camps  
*[http://worldandmilitarynotes.com/?s=India+  World and Military Notes] contains examples of money used in the  Prisoner-of-War Camps  
*[http://worldandmilitarynotes.com/?s=India+  World and Military Notes] contains examples of money used in the  Prisoner-of-War Camps  
*[http://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://prigioniero.weebly.com/moneta.html&ei=wIJAT5-wAsyfiAepydXeBA&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CF4Q7gEwCTha&prev=/search%3Fq%3DRamgarh%2BPOW%26start%3D90%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26biw%3D1355%26bih%3D677%26prmd%3Dimvnsb Google English translation] of the original Italian [http://prigioniero.weebly.com/moneta.html Prigioniero a Yol India] about the money used in the camps.


====German prisoners of war====
====German prisoners of war====
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*[http://faroutliers.blogspot.com.au/2006/04/italian-pows-in-india-1944.html Italian POWs in India, 1944] faroutliers.blogspot
*[http://faroutliers.blogspot.com.au/2006/04/italian-pows-in-india-1944.html Italian POWs in India, 1944] faroutliers.blogspot
*[http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/aviators/balsamo.htm Aviators from WWII Generale di Brigata Aerea Alfredo Balsamo] Contains a few photographs of Italian prisoners at Yol camp
*[http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/aviators/balsamo.htm Aviators from WWII Generale di Brigata Aerea Alfredo Balsamo] Contains a few photographs of Italian prisoners at Yol camp
*[http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20070605/letters/an-italian-pow-in-india.15561 An Italian POW in India (Bhopal)] timesofmalta.com. Includes a photograph of a football team.
*[http://cofrancesco.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=86&lang=en "Umberto's War: From the diary of  Umberto Cofrancesco"]: From capture in Libya to the prisoner of war camps at Ramgarh  and Bairagarh [http://cofrancesco.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=86&limit=1&limitstart=5&lang=en page 6]. [http://cofrancesco.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=86&limit=1&limitstart=6&lang=en  page 7], [http://cofrancesco.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=86&limit=1&limitstart=7&lang=en page 8] cofrancesco.net
* Memories of an Italian Naval Signalman bbc.co.uk
* "Memories of an Italian Naval Signalman" bbc.co.uk
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/39/a5815839.shtml Part Four - From POW Camp at Geneiffa, Egypt to a POW Camp at Poona, India]
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/39/a5815839.shtml Part Four - From POW Camp at Geneiffa, Egypt to a POW Camp at Poona, India]
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/48/a5815848.shtml Part Five - From Poona to POW Camp at Ramghar, India]
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/48/a5815848.shtml Part Five - From Poona to POW Camp at Ramghar, India]
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/93/a5815893.shtml  Part Six - From Ramghar to POW Camp 26/3 at Pathankot, Kangra Vallery, near Kashmir on to Bhopal in April 1944 and arrival in Greenoch on 1st June 1944.].
**[http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/93/a5815893.shtml  Part Six - From Ramghar to POW Camp 26/3 at Pathankot, Kangra Vallery, near Kashmir on to Bhopal in April 1944 and arrival in Greenoch on 1st June 1944.].
*This  [http://www.comandosupremo.com/forums/topic/4273-dehra-dun-pow-camp-india/page__view__findpost__p__99805 link] mentions  a diary book written by an Italian POW in Dehra Dun: [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=8i8WAAAACAAJ ''Prigioniero in India: Vita quotidiana e grande storia nel diario di un ufficiale'' (Collana di biografie e testimonianze)] by Domenico Salvatori 1989 ( No preview Google Books details). Includes bibliographical references.  Google English translation: ''Prisoner in India: everyday life and great history in the diary of an officer''
*This  [http://www.comandosupremo.com/forums/topic/4273-dehra-dun-pow-camp-india/page__view__findpost__p__99805 link] mentions  a diary book written by an Italian POW in Dehra Dun: [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=8i8WAAAACAAJ ''Prigioniero in India: Vita quotidiana e grande storia nel diario di un ufficiale'' (Collana di biografie e testimonianze)] by Domenico Salvatori 1989 ( No preview Google Books details). Includes bibliographical references.  Google English translation: ''Prisoner in India: everyday life and great history in the diary of an officer''
*[http://bhopale.blogspot.com.au/2007/11/bairagarh-near-bhopal.html Bairagarh near Bhopal].  Some details of the specially built camp
*[http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20070605/letters/an-italian-pow-in-india.15561 An Italian POW in India (Bhopal)] timesofmalta.com. Includes a photograph of a football team.
*Photographs from flickr.com, tagged Bhopal [http://www.flickr.com/photos/riam/1085270327/pow camp barracks ruins], [http://www.flickr.com/photos/riam/1086123168/pow camp ruins]. [http://www.flickr.com/photos/riam/1086241398/ drainage system, the POW camp]
*This British Library [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoShowDescs.asp?CollID=1092  catalogue entry] indicates  some photographs of the Italian prisoners of war camp at Bairagarh (Bhopal) are in the collection.
*[http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/157879132 Photograph of a Group of Italian POWs at the Ramgarh POW camp in northern India 1942].  [http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/157879134 Group of Italian POWs about to begin a soccer game at the Ramgarh POW camp in northern India 1942] trove.nla.gov.au




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[[Category:Society]]
[[Category:Society]]
[[Category:Indian Army]][[Category:British Army]]

Revision as of 12:52, 20 February 2012

Prisoner of War and Internment Camps in India

Boer War

In India, there were Boer prisoners of war camps at

(Information mainly from the Anglo Boer War Museum website)

External links

First World War

Historical books online

External links

Second World War

The Prisoners-of-war were interned in India in 29 camps forming 6 Groups of camps. In addition, there were two Civil Internment Camps at Dehradun and Deoli and one camp in Delhi for the Japanese prisoners captured in Burma.

  • Group I – Bangalore: Camps 1 to 8 - Italian prisoners.
  • Group II – Bhopal: Camps 9 to 16 – Italian prisoners. Camp 16 was a hospital. Bhopal Bairagarh (Wikipedia)
  • Group III – Ramgarh: Camps 17 to 20 – German Civil Internees and later Italian prisoners. Had a punishment camp for difficult Italian POWs Ramgarh was near Hazaribagh. It was used as a POW camp up to May 1942 when the POWs were moved out and the United States Chinese Training Command was established there.
  • Group IV - Clement Town (Dehra Dun): Camps 21 to 24 – Separated in Wings 1: pro-Nazi, 2: anti-Nazi, 3: Italians. One of the camps was a *Central Internment Camp.
  • Group V – YOL: Camps 25 to 28 – Italian prisoners. Yol was situated near Dharamsala (Wikipedia)
  • Group VI – Bikaner: Camp 29 – Japanese prisoners. It was also a punishment camps for difficult Italian POWs.Bikaner (Wikipedia)
  • Central Internment Camp (Dehra Dun / Premnagar): This was mixed civilian internment and prisoner-of-war camp. Italian prisoners of war and German civilian internees housed in separate camps. Wing 1 and Wing 6 held German internees.
  • Delhi – Japanese Camp: Delhi housed the Japanese prisoners captured in Burma.
  • Deoli – Civil Internment Camp: Deoli housed German civilian internees and Japanese civilian internees. It was also a punishment colony for Germans. Deoli (Wikipedia)

The above information is mainly taken from the website Indian Banknote:India: Prisoner-of-War Coupons

This Wikipedia article lists the following additional camps

  • Deolali from February 1941, later also transferred to Dehra Dun 11 August 1941: Germans.
  • Yercaud for females from Madras Presidency. Summer 1941, closed late 1942.
  • Fort William, Calcutta, army camp, closed early 1940, males were sent to Ahmednagar, females to Katapahar parole camp.
  • Smaller Parole Camps at Naini Tal, Kodaikanal and Katapahar (near Darjeeling), were all closed by late 1942. Inmates transferred to (family reunions) to the camps near Poona: Satara from May 1940, Purandhar (lower Fort), initially for Jewish refugees, later also other Germans, many missionaries with families.

External links

German prisoners of war

Italian prisoners of war