Gazetteers

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A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary or directory.

Place Names in India

Marcus F C Martin, a geographer devised a simple way to understand the old English spellings for Indian places. “For example, FATEHPUR (‘City of Victory’) is a fairly common placename and by the mid-19th century it could be spelled in at least seven ways: FUTTIHPOOR, FUTIHPORE, FUTTAPORE, FUTTEHPOOR, FUTTIPOUR, FUTTYPOOR, FUTTYPORE etc. Marcus saw that the consonants were fairly accurate and could be reduced to a short code: here ‘FTP’ or, if you prefer 4 characters, ‘FTPR’. Then

a.. treat soft ‘c’, ‘ch’ and ‘chh’ as being the same;
b.. treat hard ‘c’, ‘k’ and ‘q’ also as the same; and
c.. treat double consonants as single (‘ck’ as ‘k’, ‘tt’ as ‘t’ etc);
d.. Ignore vowels, except at the beginning of a name, when they should be replaced by a wildcard, such as a dash (-).

Marcus was apparently delighted to find, using this principle, that OOMRAWUTTEE was modern AMRAOTI (both names will code to ‘-MRT’). He published a pamphlet which is long since out of print, with coded tables for the 3,900 Post Offices that existed in India in 1877, when they were renamed in standardised form and continued until independence.

The principle is quite easy to remember and helps enormously when looking up place names in atlases and gazetteers."[1]

Note

Please note that, for the links given below, the Digital Library of India is not currently operating.

Imperial Gazetteer of India

The Imperial Gazetteer of India was created by Sir William Wilson Hunter in 1881.

The third edition, published between 1909 and 1931, is available online, at the Digital South Asia Library, consisting of 24 volumes of text, and 1 volume of maps. It was first published, due to the efforts of Sir William Wilson Hunter, in 9 volumes in 1881 with a second edition of 14 volumes in 1885–1887.

Imperial Gazetteer of India Provincial Series

In 1908/1909 the Imperial Gazetteer of India Provincial Series was published in twenty five volumes, all of which are available online, either as Archive.org, or the later released Archive.org versions, mirrors from the Digital Library of India.
Afghanistan and Nepal Archive.org; Andaman and Nicobar Islands Archive.org; Baluchistan Archive.org; Baroda Archive.org; Bengal Vol. I Archive.org - Bengal Vol. II Archive.org; Berar Archive.org; Bombay Presidency Vol.I Archive.org - Bombay Presidency Vol. II Archive.org; Burma Vol. I Archive.org - Burma Vol. II Archive.org; Central India Archive.org; Central Provinces; Eastern Bengal And Assam Archive.org; Hyderabad State; Kashmir and Jammu Archive.org; Madras Vol. I - Madras Vol. II; Mysore and Coorg Archive.org; North-West Frontier Province; Punjab Vol. I Archive.org - Punjab Vol. II; Rajputana Archive.org; United Provinces of Agra and Oudh Vol. I Archive.org - United Provinces of Agra and Oudh Vol. II Archive.org.

In addition, Afghanistan and Nepal Imperial Gazetteer of India is available to download as a pdf from Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset.
Restricted access: Viewers in North America and some other countries may be able to access the Imperial Gazetteer of India Provincial Series on Google Books or the Hathi Trust Digital Library

Other gazetteers

India

General

Constable's Hand-Gazetteer Of India 1898 Archive.org. Based on the Index to Constable's Hand-Atlas of India (1893 Archive.org), but with additional entries from Provincial Gazetteers, Census Reports (1891) and Postal Directories.

Regional

  • Assam District Gazetteers. Published 1905-1928, Volumes 1-10 by B.C. Allen, 1905-06; Volume 11 written anonymously, 1928. Supplementary volumes published c 1915.
There is a download available as a pdf file from Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset as 1905 Assam District Gazetteers Vols 1 To 10. Archive.org mirror version.
The following were mainly from the Digital Library of India, now with mirror files on Archive.org: Cachar Vol. 1 Archive.org 1905; Sylhet Vol. 2 2013 reprint of 1905 original, Archive.org Sylhet Supplement 1915 Archive.org; Goalpara Vol.3 Archive.org 1905, Supplement to Goalpara Archive.org 1914. Also available British Library EAP454/9/1 (TIFF images); Kamrup Vol. 4 Archive.org 1905; Darrang Vol. 5 Archive.org 1905, Darrang Supplement Archive.org 1915; Nowgong Vol. 6 Archive.org 1905, Nowgong Supplement Archive.org 1915 ; Sibsagar Vol. 7 Archive.org 1906, Sibsagar Supplement Archive.org 1915; Lakhimpur Vol. 8 Archive.org 1905, Lakhimpur Supplement Archive.org 1916; Naga Hills And Manipur Vol. 9 Archive.org 1905; The Khasi and Jaintia Hills, the Garo Hills and the Lushai Hills Vol.10 1906 Archive.org, Volume 10 Supplement 1915. British Library EAP file EAP454/9/2. (Tiff images, may require a plug-in); Vol.11 The Sadiya Frontier Tract and Balipara Frontier Tract, (in two Parts) Archive.org 1928.
Bogra by J. N. Gupta 1910; Chittagong by L S S O'Malley 1908. Also available as a British Library EAP file EAP454/9/4 (Tiff images, may require a plug-in); Chittagong Hill Tracts by R Hutchinson 1909; Dacca by B C Allen 1912 Archive.org.; Dinajpur by F W Strong 1912; Jalpaiguri by John F Gruning ICS 1911; Noakhali by JE Webster 1911 Archive.org.; Rangpur by J A Vas 1911; Tippera by J E Webster 1910
Digital Library of India mirror versions available on Archive.org: Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers plus Chittagong Hill Tracts, Jalpaiguri.
Central Asia Part III–Topography Ethnology Resources and History of Belochistan by MacGregor 1875. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate the book file under "Books/ Indian Subcontinent". Part of the series Central Asia, see below.
Baluchistan District Gazetteer Series published in 1907. Archive.org, mirror versions from Digital Library of India.
Zhob District Vol. I Archive.org version ; Loralai District Vol. II Archive.org - 2nd file Archive.org; Sibi District Vol. III by Major A McConaghey IA 1907 Archive.org; Bolan And Chagai Vol. IV and IV A Archive.org; Quetta-Pishin District Vol.V Archive.org; Sarawan, Kachhi And Jhalawan Vol. VI Archive.org; Makran Vol. VII Archive.org; Kharan Vol. VIIA Archive.org; Vol.VIII Archive.org.
Baluchistan District Gazetteer Series. Vol. IX: Index to Volumes I to VIII 1908. Pdf download, Digital Repository of GIPE-Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics [Pune India]. Other volumes are also available on GIPE. Viewers in some countries, probably including North America, may be able to access volumes on the Google Books or Hathi Trust websites.
  • Bihar and Orissa District Gazetteers, published 1917-1933. Earlier editions were published as Bengal District Gazetteers. Archive.org, many were originally Digital Library of India.
Champaran (handle/2015/279711); Cuttack (handle/2015/93207); Hazaribagh by E Lister 1918; Monghyr by L S S O'Malley, revised edition, elsewhere stated to be 1926; Palamau (handle/2015/279713); Puri (handle/2015/281288); Ranchi (handle/2015/48665); Sambalpur (handle/2015/279714); Shahabad by L S S O Malley, revised edition by J F W James 1924.
DLI mirror versions on Archive.org for Bihar and Orissa District Gazetteers. If you have problems locating the above volumes, use the final number as a search term, example 2015.279711
  • Gazetteer for the Haidarabad Assigned Districts Commonly Called Berar 1870 Archive.org
  • Central India State Gazetteer Series. Compliled by Captain C E Luard, Superintendent of Gazetteer in Central India.This series consisted of 1. Gwalior State 2. Indore State 3. Bhopal State 4. Rewah State 5. Western States (Malwa) 6. Eastern States (Bundelkhand). Published 1907-1908. Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection.
Gwalior State Gazetteer Volume I Text and Tables, Vol I, Part II: Atlas, Vol I, Part III Village List, Vol I Part IV Photographs, the latter poor quality.
Indore State Gazetteer Volume II Text and Tables; Bhopal State Gazetteer Volume III Text and Tables; Rewah State Gazetteer Volume IV Text And Tables; Western States Gazetteer Malwa Volume V Part A, Text; Eastern States (Bundelkhand) Gazetteer. Volume VI-A-Text
Central Provinces District Gazetteers: Chhattisgarh Feudatory States 1909 Archive.org (Volume 10)
Central Provinces District Gazetteers: Raipur District Volume A Descriptive 1909 Archive.org (Volume 18)
Digital Library of India mirror versions on Archive.org for Central Provinces District Gazetteers, including Jubbulpore District, Vol A and Nagpur District, Vol A.
Gazetteers of Central Provinces and Berar. Digital reprints by Maharashtra State Gazetteers Department, of some individual Districts, including Nagpur (archived webpage). Transcriptions: All include District in the title: Akola 1910 (Berar) - Another version Akola akola.nic.in; Amraoti (Berar) amravati.nic.in; Bhandara; Chanda; Durg reprint of Volume A 1910 and Volumes B statistical tables from 1891-1926. Pdf download. durg.gov.in; Nagpur nagpur.nic.in; Wardha
Central Asia Part 4 Section 2–Topography Ethnology Resources and History of Ladak by Maisey 1878. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate the book file under "Books/Indian Subcontinent". Archive.org mirror version. Note: catalogued incorrectly, should be Part 7, Section 2. Part of the series Central Asia , see below.
Gazetteer Of Kashmir And Ladak 1890. Full title: Gazetteer of Kashmír and Ladak : together with routes in the territories of the Maharaja of Jamu and Kashmir compiled (for political and military reference) under the direction of the Quarter Master General in India in the Intelligence Branch 1890. Archive.org version, mirror from Digital Library of India.
Routes in Asia. Variant Title: Routes in Central Asia. Calcutta : Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, 1877-1878. "Compiled under the direction of Major General Fred. S. Roberts, C.B., V.C., Quarter Master General in India ...". Section 5. Routes in the territories of the Maharaja of Jummoo and Kashmir, and adjacent countries compiled ... by M.H. Saward Google Books
Routes in Western-Himalaya Kashmir &c Volume 1 Punch, Kashmir, Ladakh [Púnch, Kashmír & Ladákh] by Kenneth Mason. Published under the direction of the Surveyor General of India, 1922 and printed at the Office of the Trigonometrical Survey of India, Dehra Dun. 2nd edition 1929, Revised and corrected. Pdf downloads, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If not otherwise available, locate the book files under 'Books'
Manual of Coorg : a Gazetteer of the natural features of the country and the social and political condition of its inhabitants ; (with a map and four illustrations) by G Richter 1870 Staatsbibliothek Berlin
Mysore and Coorg : A gazetteer compiled for the government of India by Lewis Rice Archive.org
Mysore: a Gazetteer compiled for Government Revised Edition
Mysore Gazetteer edited by C. Hayavadana Rao published 1927-1930 in 5 volumes (Volume 2 is in 4 parts) (total 8). Volume 1, Descriptive; Volume 2, Historical (in 4 Parts); Volume 3, Economic; Volume 4, Administrative; Volume 5, Gazetteer; One volume is available on Archive.org Mysore Gazetteer Volume 2 Part 4:Historical, Modern Period c 1930
Digital Library of India mirror versions on Archive.org Mysore Gazetteer including Volume 5 reprint edition.
  • North-West Frontier Province District Gazetteer series. For earlier editions, see Punjab District Gazetteers. Hazara District 1907, Archive.org version, mirror from Digital Library of India ; Peshawar District 1931, Archive.org version, mirror from Digital Library of India.
  • Gazetteer of the Countries Adjacent to India on the Northwest by Edward Thornton (1844). Includes Sind, Afghanistan, Baluchistan and the Punjab.
  • Central Asia Part I: A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, & history of the North-West Frontier of British India complied (for political and military reference) by C M MacGregor 1873. Part of the series Central Asia, see below.
Central Asia Part-i Vol-ii J to Peshawar. Archive.org version mirror from Digital Library of India.
Volume I, Volume II, Volume III. Pdf downloads, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download buttons do not display, locate the book files under "Books/ Indian Subcontinent". Part I Volume I, Part I Volume II, Part I Volume III Archive.org mirror versions.
Editions of the following, including many of the Districts with cantonments, are also available on Archive.org, including mirror versions: Ambala 1883, Ambala 1923 (reprint); Amritsar 1883, Amritsar 1893, Amritsar 1947; Bannu 1883; Delhi 1883, Delhi 1912; Dera Ghazi Khan 1883, Dera Ghazi Khan 1893; Dera Ismail Khan 1883; Ferozepore 1883, Ferozepore 1888, Ferozepore 1915; Hazara 1883; Jalandhar 1883, Jullundur 1908; Karnal 1883, Karnal 1892, Karnal 1918; Lahore 1883, Lahore 1893; Lahore 1918; Ludhiana 1888, Ludhiana 1904; Montgomery 1883, Montgomery 1898; Mooltan 1883, Multan 1901, Multan 1923; Peshawar 1883, Peshawar 1897; Rawalpindi 1883, Rawalpindi 1893, Rawalpindi 1907; Sialkot 1895, Sialkot 1920; Simla 1888,Simla 1904.
Punjab States Gazetteers. Title includes State. Bahawalpur Vol. XXXVI A. 1904, pub. 1908; Chamba Vol. XXII A. 1904, pub. 1910; Dujana State Volume III A 1904; Faridkot Volume XVI A. 1907, pub. 1909; Kalsia State 1904 Volume VII A, p 1908; Mandi State Vol. XII A. 1904, pub. 1908, Mandi State 1920; Phulkian States. Patiala, Jind and Nabha Volume XVII A. 1904, pub. 1909; Simla Hill States Vol. VIII 1910, pub. 1911, Simla Hill States 1934; Sirmur State 1904 p 1907, Sirmur State 1934 p 1939; Suket State 1904 Volume XII A, Suket State 1927.
Volume I- Karachi District: Archive.org/DLI 1910 (perhaps 1919?), Archive.org/DLI, [1919], ; Volume II- Hyderabad District, Archive.org version; Volume III -Sukkur District, Archive.org version 1919; Archive.org version 1928; Volume IV- Larkana District, Archive.org version 1927; Volume V- Nawabshah District, (handle/2015/17369) 1920, Archive.org version 1926; Volume VI-Thar and Parkar District (handle/2015/17102) 1919, Archive.org version, 1919 different file. (Not available online: B Volume VII Upper Sind Frontier District, but it is available at the British Library IOR/V/27/63/110).

Burma

Editions on Archive.org, many originally from Digital Library of India. Most titles include the wording District Vol A  :
Akyab 1917, Amherst 1913, Northern Arakan (or Arakan Hill Tracts) 1910, Bassein 1916, Bhamo 1912, Lower Chindwin District, Upper Burma 1912, also available Hong Kong University Library; Upper Chindwin 1913, Henzada 1915, Insein 1914, Kyaukse 1925, Mandalay 1928, Maubin (or Ma-Ubin) 1931, Mergui 1912, Myitkyina 1912, Pakokku 1913, Pegu 1917, Ruby Mines 1915, Salween 1910, Sandoway 1912, Shwebo 1929, Syriam 1914, Tharrawaddy 1920, Thaton 1931, Thayetmyo 1911, Toungoo 1914, Yamèthin 1934.
Myanmar Law Library contains some online volumes of the Burma Gazetteer, which appear to be transcriptions including Volume A for Amherst c 1934, Mandalay, probably c 1925, Shwebo c 1924 and Tharawaddy, c 1913, and some B volumes, classified under Legal journal. If the link is not permanent, search for Gazetteer.
HathiTrust Digital Library editions accessible to those in regions such as North America.

Afghanistan

Central Asia

  • The series Central Asia Intelligence Branch, QMG's Dept, 1871-78. Initial volumes by C M MacGregor pt. 1. North-West Frontier of British India. 3 vol.; pt. 2. Afghanistan; pt. 3. Balochistan; pt. 4. Persia; pt. 5. Asiatic Turkey and Caucasia; pt. 6, section 1 Khanat of Khiva by Cpt Henry Collett; pt. 6, section 2 Khanat of Bokhara by Captain John Moubray Trotter. Note some references to this part use the spelling Khanate; pt 7, section 1. A gazetter of Kashmir and the adjacent districts of Kishtwar, Badrawar, Jamu, Naoshera, Punch and the valley of the Kishen Ganga by Capt Charles Ellison Bates; pt. 7, section 2. Ladak by F. Maisey.
Mostly available at the British Library UIN: BLL01002315764, last volume available at the BL in a reprint edition. Mostly also available IOR/L/MIL/17/14/72. Available online:
  • Part I, see immediately before Punjab District Gazetteers, above.
  • Part II, see Afghanistan above
  • Part III, see Baluchistan above
  • Parts IV, V, see Persian Gulf etc below
  • Part VII, Section 1, and Section 2 see Kashmir above.
  • Routes in Asia. Variant Title: Routes in Central Asia. Calcutta : Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, 1877-1878. "Compiled under the direction of Major General Fred. S. Roberts, C.B., V.C., Quarter Master General in India ...".
Section 1. Routes in Asia Minor, Armenia, Kurdistan, Georgia, Mesopotamia, and part of western Persia / compiled ... by W.J. Boyes -- Section 2. Routes in Afghanistan / compiled ... by F.J.N. Mackenzie -- Section 3. Routes in Khiva, Bokhara, Khokand, Yarkand, and Russian Turkestan / compiled ... by R.H. Fawcett -- Section 4. Routes in Persia and Balochistan / compiled ... by C.M. MacGregor -- Section 5. Routes in the territories of the Maharaja of Jummoo and Kashmir, and adjacent countries / compiled ... by M.H. Saward -- Section 6. pt. 1. Routes in Nepaul. pt. 2. Routes in Bhutan. pt. 3. Routes in Sikhim. Pt 4. Routes in Thibet. pt. 5. Routes in Burmah. pt. 6. Routes between Assam and Burmah / compiled ... by H.S. Brownrigg.
Section I, Section II, Section III, Section IV, Section V, Section VI Google Books
The six Sections are also available on HathiTrust Digital Library.
  • Dardistan and Kafiristan : in three parts compiled under the orders of C.M. Macgregor, Quarter Master General in India, by E.G. Barrow, ... Intelligence Branch. 1885, Contents: pt. 1. A gazetteer of Dardistan - pt. 2. An account of Kafiristan - pt. 3. A compilation of the routes traversing these regions. Original spelling uses Dárdistán and Káfiristán. At head of title: Confidential; incomplete, to be revised. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate the book file under "Books/Afghanistan"
  • Gazetteer of Dardistan and Kafiristan compiled by E.G. Barrow, Intelligence Branch, Quarter Master General's Department in India, 1886. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate the book file under "Books/Afghanistan".
  • Gazetteer of the Eastern Hindu Kush, by Capt E G Barrow, DAQMG, Intelligence Branch 1888. Pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download button does not display, locate the book file under "Books/Central Asia". Information elsewhere[2] indicates Part I, Wakhan, Ishkasham and Zebak; Parts II-III have similar titles to the 1885 publication; Part IV Routes in the Hindu Kush. Available at the British Library : Mss Eur F112/381 (Lord Curzon papers) along with two appendices to Barrow's Gazetteer by Lieutenant G K Cockerill 1895, 1896 Mss Eur F112/382-383.
  • Table of Distances in Russia, Central Asia, and India. Compiled at the Intelligence Branch of the War Office, May 1885, by Lieut. Wisely. Great Britain. War Office. Intelligence Division. 1885. British Library Digital file.

Ceylon

Volume 1, A-K 1896, Volume 2, L-Z 1898

Mesopotamia (Iraq)

Entries from A Handbook of Mesopotamia by Admiralty War Staff Intelligence Division 1917

Nepal

Persian Gulf, Oman And Central Arabia

British Library Untold lives blog ‘Persian Gulf tragedy’ – the death of John Gordon Lorimer 08 February 2014 (retrieved 18 June 2014)

External links

References

  1. ↑ Smith, Max Place Name Rootsweb India Mailing List 1 December 2013, archived.
  2. ↑ Page 37 Mapping Transition in the Pamirs: Changing Human-Environmental Landscapes edited by Hermann Kreutzmann, Teiji Watanabe. Google Books

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