East Indian Railway
| East Indian Railway | ||
|---|---|---|
 Howrah Station, Calcutta | ||
| Line of route | ||
| Howrah (Calcutta) to Delhi | ||
| Gauge / mileage | ||
| Broad gauge | 1962 miles (1905) | |
| Timeline | ||
| 1849 | Guarantee agreed with East India Company | |
| 1851 | Construction begun | |
| 1854 1867 1871 |
First train between Howrah and Hooghly First through train to Delhi First through train to Bombay via Jubbalpore | |
| 1880 | Line acquired by State | |
| Key locations | ||
| Presidency | Bengal | |
| Stations | Agra, Benares, Hooghly, Mirzapur, Patna | |
| System agency | ||
| 1880 | worked by East Indian Railway Company | |
| How to interpret this infobox | ||
| East Indian Railway | ||
|---|---|---|
 East Indian Railway device | ||
| System timeline | ||
| 1880 | EIR re-formed to work line now owned by State | |
| 1925 | Management of system taken over by State | |
| Constituent companies / lines | ||
| 1880 | East Indian Railway | |
| 1889 | Delhi-Umballa-Kalka Railway | |
| South Behar Railway | ||
| 1885 | Tarkessur Railway | |
| Jind-Panipat Railway | ||
| 1925 | Oudh and Rohilkhand merged into EIR | |
| Key locations | ||
| Headquarters | Calcutta | |
| Workshops | Jamalpur, Liluah | |
| Major Stations | Agra, Benares, Howrah, Patna | |
| Successor system / organisation | ||
| 1947 | Eastern Division, Indian Railways | |
| 1952 | split between Eastern & Northern Railways (IR zones) | |
| System mileage | ||
| Broad gauge | 2225 miles (1905) 4011 miles (1943) | |
| Associated auxiliary force | ||
| East Indian Railway Regiment | ||
| How to interpret this infobox | ||
Built on the same terms and conditions as the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR), the East Indian Railway (EIR) was a British company, registered in London, privately owned and financed, operating under license and guarantee from the (British) Board of Control in India and the East India Company (EIC).
By 1859, the arrangements were "the construction and working of lines from Calcutta to Delhi, and from Allahabad to Juppulpore - total, about 1,400 miles. Capital - 12,731,000l. This amount has been sanctioned for the works specified, but it is probable that a larger sum will be required. Rate of Interest Guaranteed - 5 per cent. on 11,553,000l. capital; 4½ per cent. on 1,178,000l. debentures, convertible into shares."[1]
History
Formed in 1845, the EIR was not contracted by the EIC to begin railway construction until 1849 when it became one of the three original guaranteed companies sanctioned to construct experimental lines. It was not until 1854 that the EIR opened its first section from Howrah to Hooghly. By 1864, the EIR had arrived in Delhi although it was not until 1871 that the Bombay-Calcutta route was completed when the GIPR reached Juppulpore.
In 1862, the Jamalpur Locomotive workshops were established. On 15 January 1934, the workshops along with the entire railway colony were destroyed by an earthquake. It took 3 years to rebuild the facility.
The Government of India (GoI) acquired the assets of the EIR on 31 December 1879 while leaving the management to the private company.
The GoI took over the direct running of the EIR on 1 January 1925.
Indian Railways
In 1952, the EIR was split to form two zones of Indian Railways. The Moradabad, Lucknow & Allahabad Division was subsuned into Northern Railway while the remainder was merged with the Bengal-Nagpur Railway (BNR) to form Eastern Railway. This latter merger was not considered a success as, in 1955, BNR was demerged to form South Eastern Railway.
Organisation
By 1914, EIR was organised into the following departments, each with its own workshops with the main ones shown.
- Agency
- Audit & Accounts
- Carriage & Wagon
- Colliery
- Electrical
- Engineering
- Locomotive
- Medical
- Printing
- Provifent Institution
- Stores
- Traffic
Schools
The EIR operated many schools, of which probably the best known was Oak Grove School at Mussoorie. Oak Grove School is still associated with Indian Railways and Northern Railway.
Branch Lines and extensions
- Barun-Daltonganj Railway, opened 1902. Section of EIR line
- Bhagalpur Badli Railway, under construction 1907 for EIR
- Calcutta Chord Railway, opened 1931-32. EIR link from Dum Dum to Dankuni over Willindon Bridge
- Howrah-Burdwan Chord Railway, opened 1917. Part of EIR system
Railways absorbed into EIR
Railways absorbed into EIR
- Delhi-Umballa-Kalka Railway, formed 1889 as private company, merged into EIR, 1925
- Deoghur Railway, opened 1882. Short branch line linking important pilgrimage centre to main line, initally own agency; merged into EIR, 1911
- Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway(O&RR), formed from Indian Branch Railway(IBR); nationalised, 1889; merged into EIR, 1925
- Patna & Gaya State Railway, opened before 1881. State line merged into EIR, c.1892
- Tarkessur Railway, opened 1884-85. Worked by EIR; Merged into EIR 1915.
Lines worked by EIR at some time
Lines connected to EIR system
Records
The following are held in the India Office Records at the British Library.
- L/AG/46/11/133-137 : Contracts of appointment, c1858-1925 (possibly not all included)
The above is indexed in
- Z/L/AG/46 : Index to UK Appointments to Indian Railways (1849-1925)
The following is not included in the index Z/L/AG/46.
- L/AG/46/11/138-141 : Half-yearly staff lists, 1861-1890 & 1911-1922 (giving ages from 1886).
FIBIS resources
- "The Indian Railways and a dynasty of Pearce's (1855 to 1930)", FIBIS Journal, Spring 2011, Number 25 page 13-16.
- "The Walsh Family and the Cawnpore Massacre" by Paddy Walsh FIBIS Journal Number 31 (Spring 2014) pages 3-15.
- William Walsh was working for the East Indian Railway as a Railway Inspector at the time of the massacre, having joined c 1856-57 after retiring as a pensioned Sergeant, Bengal Artillery.
- For access, see FIBIS Journals
Recommended reading
- George Huddleston, History of the East Indian Railway (Calcutta: Thacker, Spink & Co, 1906). Archive.org. [A second part, published in 1939, took the history to 1924.]
- Blair Williams, "EIR at Jamalpur - Anglo-Indian Railway Officers", The International Journal of Anglo-Indian Studies (Vol 6, No 2, 2001).
- "The Carriage and Wagon Workshops of the East Indian Railway", The Indian Railway Gazette, 1st February 1908, page 33-35.
- "Development of the East Indian Railway", Railway Age Gazette, 1st August 1913, Vol.55, No 5, page 191-195.
- "East Indian Railway", The Railway Gazette, 1st November 1929, page 21-32 & 113-114.
Also see
External links
- "History of Eastern Railway", Indian Railways Fans Club.
- EIR Picture Gallery, Indian Railways Fans Club.
- How Railways made tracks in India September 29, 2003 thehindubusinessline.in
- Imperial Indian Mail (and other trains) trains-worldexpresses.com
Historical books online
- "The East Indian Railway", page 358 from Bengal and Assam, Behar and Orissa: their history, people, commerce and industrial resources by Somerset Playne and J W Bond 1917 Archive.org
Published books
- Mukherjee, Hena. The Early History of the East Indian Railway 1845-1879. Published by Firma KLM Private Limited, Calcutta 1994.
- "Symphony of Progress: The Saga of Eastern Railway 1854-2003 published by the Eastern Railway in Kolkata 2003. website of Eastern Railway, Sealdah
Notes & references
- ↑ "Money Market and City Intelligence", The Times, Wednesday, 15 June 1859, #23333, 7a