2nd Afghan War: Difference between revisions

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*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/m/019pho0000430s3u00023000.html Plan of Kabul City, drawn by the Guides March 1880], and photographed by John Burke 1880.  Click on “zoomable image” to enlarge. British Library Online Gallery.
*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/m/019pho0000430s3u00023000.html Plan of Kabul City, drawn by the Guides March 1880], and photographed by John Burke 1880.  Click on “zoomable image” to enlarge. British Library Online Gallery.
====Historical books online====
====Historical books online====
*''The Second Afghan War Official Account 1907'' [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282349 Archive.org mirror version], originally from Digital Library of India. Illustrations are of poor quality. Also available [http://hdl.handle.net/10973/39738  Digital Repository of GIPE (Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics [Pune India<nowiki>]</nowiki>)]
*''The Second Afghan War Official Account 1907'' [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282349 Archive.org mirror version], originally from Digital Library of India. Illustrations are of poor quality. Also available [https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/39738  Digital Repository of GIPE (Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics [Pune India<nowiki>]</nowiki>)]
:The same content was issued under the title [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar00brangoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Second Afghan War, 1878-80: Abridged Official Account''] produced in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters, India 1908 Archive.org. Note: Part of the latter filming is unsatisfactory, with text missing from the sides of some pages, and some of the illustrations have not been filmed.
:The same content was issued under the title [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar00brangoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Second Afghan War, 1878-80: Abridged Official Account''] produced in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters, India 1908 Archive.org. Note: Part of the latter filming is unsatisfactory, with text missing from the sides of some pages, and some of the illustrations have not been filmed. Also available as a pdf download [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1908-the-second-afghan-war-1878-80-abridged-official-account-by-army-hq-s-pdf/ PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1826/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version], however all appear to be the same digital file.
: Also available as a pdf download [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1908-the-second-afghan-war-1878-80-abridged-official-account-by-army-hq-s-pdf/ PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset].
:[https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.06221/page/n5/mode/2up Another file, Archive.org] from Ministry of Culture/Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad.
: The six volume ''The Second Afghan War''  compiled and collated by and under the orders of Sir C. M. MacGregor, published 1885-1886 as  "Strictly confidential", on which the ''Abridged Official Account'' was based, is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01012490881, or  IOR/L/MIL/17/14/29 (parts 2-6 only).  
: The six volume ''The Second Afghan War''  compiled and collated by and under the orders of Sir C. M. MacGregor, published 1885-1886 as  "Strictly confidential", on which the ''Abridged Official Account'' was based, is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01012490881, or  IOR/L/MIL/17/14/29 (parts 2-6 only).  
*[https://archive.org/details/warinafghanistan0000macg/page/n5/mode/2up ''War in Afghanistan, 1879-80 : the personal diary of Major General Sir Charles Metcalfe MacGregor''] edited by William Trousdale 1985 Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
*''The Second Afghan War, 1878-79-80 its causes, its conduct and its consequences'' by Colonel H.B. Hanna. Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar101hann#page/n5/mode/2up  Volume 1] 1899, [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar102hann#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume 2] 1904
*''The Second Afghan War, 1878-79-80 its causes, its conduct and its consequences'' by Colonel H.B. Hanna. Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar101hann#page/n5/mode/2up  Volume 1] 1899, [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar102hann#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume 2] 1904
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwar02hensgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Afghan War of 1879-80'']  by Howard Hensman, Special Correspondent of ''The Pioneer'' (Allahabad) and ''The Daily News'' (London).  Second Edition 1882 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwar02hensgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Afghan War of 1879-80'']  by Howard Hensman, Special Correspondent of ''The Pioneer'' (Allahabad) and ''The Daily News'' (London).  Second Edition 1882 Archive.org
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*[http://www.archive.org/stream/personalrecords01ashegoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''Personal records of the Kandahar campaign by officers engaged therein'']. Edited by Major Ashe 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/personalrecords01ashegoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''Personal records of the Kandahar campaign by officers engaged therein'']. Edited by Major Ashe 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kurumkabulkandah00roberich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Kurum, Kabul & Kandahar being a brief record of impressions in three campaigns under General Roberts''] by Charles Gray Robertson, Lieutenant 8th (the King’s) Regiment 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kurumkabulkandah00roberich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Kurum, Kabul & Kandahar being a brief record of impressions in three campaigns under General Roberts''] by Charles Gray Robertson, Lieutenant 8th (the King’s) Regiment 1881 Archive.org
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=QXYIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP5 ''Transport in Southern Afghanistan, between Sukkur and Quetta, 1878-1880''] by Lieut. S S Parkyn (The Royal Irish) late Assistant Superintendent and Paymaster of Transport, Southern Afghanistan. 2nd edition 1882. Google Books. Rawalpindi edition  had title ''Transport Southern Afghanistan : Sukkar-Quetta 1878-1880''. Full name Samuel Spence Parkyn.
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=fKIW_IkolzcC&pg=PA281 "The March from Kabul to Kandahar in August, and the Battle of the 1st September 1880"] by Lieut.-Colonel E F Chapman RA page 282 Vol 25 1882 ''Journal of the Royal United Service Institution''. Google Books.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/recollectionska00dukegoog#page/n12/mode/2up ''Recollections of the Kabul campaign 1879 & 1880''] by Joshua Duke, Bengal Medical Service 1883 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/recollectionska00dukegoog#page/n12/mode/2up ''Recollections of the Kabul campaign 1879 & 1880''] by Joshua Duke, Bengal Medical Service 1883 Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/kohatkuramandkh00thogoog#page/n8/mode/2up  ''Kohat, Kuram, and Khost; Or, Experiences and Adventures in the Late Afghan War''] by Richard Gillham-Thomsett, Surgeon, Army Medical Department 1884 Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/kohatkuramandkh00thogoog#page/n8/mode/2up  ''Kohat, Kuram, and Khost; Or, Experiences and Adventures in the Late Afghan War''] by Richard Gillham-Thomsett, Surgeon, Army Medical Department 1884 Archive.org
*''The Death March Through The Khyber Pass'' by G J H Evatt  1891.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.285135 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.  More complete title details are ''Personal Recollections of the Afghan Campaigns of 1878-79-80. The “Death-march” through the Khyber Pass in the Afghan Campaign 1878-79''  by Surgeon-Major G. J. H. Evatt, A M D. Reprinted from “Journal of the United Service Institution of India,” 1890.
*''The Death March Through The Khyber Pass'' by G J H Evatt  1891.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.285135 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.  More complete title details are ''Personal Recollections of the Afghan Campaigns of 1878-79-80. The “Death-march” through the Khyber Pass in the Afghan Campaign 1878-79''  by Surgeon-Major G. J. H. Evatt, A M D. Reprinted from “Journal of the United Service Institution of India,” 1890.
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=u8JMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA125 "Brief Account of the Return March to India of the Army in Afghanistan, Under General Sir Donald Stewart ... in 1880"]  by Lieut.-Colonel Walter J Boyes, late DAAG, N [North] Afghanistan Field Force, page 125 Vol 37 1893  ''Journal of the Royal United Service Institution''. Google Books.
*[https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog  ''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900''] by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich 1901 Archive.org. Contains two chapters on the Afghan War  of 1879- 1880. The author worked  as a military surveyor.
*[https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog  ''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900''] by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich 1901 Archive.org. Contains two chapters on the Afghan War  of 1879- 1880. The author worked  as a military surveyor.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/fromkabultokumas00will#page/10/mode/2up Afghanistan service], page 11 ''From Kabul to Kumassi: Twenty-four years of soldiering and sport'' by Brig. Gen. Sir James Willcocks 1904 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/fromkabultokumas00will#page/10/mode/2up Afghanistan service], page 11 ''From Kabul to Kumassi: Twenty-four years of soldiering and sport'' by Brig. Gen. Sir James Willcocks 1904 Archive.org
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*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ourafghanpolicyo00bdbdrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''Our Afghan policy and the occupation of Candahar''] by D.B. 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ourafghanpolicyo00bdbdrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''Our Afghan policy and the occupation of Candahar''] by D.B. 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lifecareerofmajo00deykrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''The life and career of Major Sir Louis Cavagnari, C. S. I., K. C. B., British envoy at Cabul with a brief outline of the Second Afghan War'']. Compiled by Kally Prosono Dey 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lifecareerofmajo00deykrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''The life and career of Major Sir Louis Cavagnari, C. S. I., K. C. B., British envoy at Cabul with a brief outline of the Second Afghan War'']. Compiled by Kally Prosono Dey 1881 Archive.org
*''The Victoria Cross in Afghanistan and on the frontiers of India during the years 1877, 1878, 1879 & 1880 : how it was won''  related by W.J. Elliott 1882. Part of the series ''Deeds of Daring Library''. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.80165/page/n3    Archive.org version], missing map. [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1882-the-victoria-cross-in-afghanistan-and-on-the-frontiers-of-india-by-elliott-s-pdf/ Pahar version], link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download does not display, locate under Books/Afghanistan/1882.
*''The Victoria Cross in Afghanistan and on the frontiers of India during the years 1877, 1878, 1879 & 1880 : how it was won''  related by W.J. Elliott 1882. Part of the series ''Deeds of Daring Library''. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.80165/page/n3    Archive.org version], missing map. [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1882-the-victoria-cross-in-afghanistan-and-on-the-frontiers-of-india-by-elliott-s-pdf/ Pahar version], link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If download does not display, locate under Books/Afghanistan/1882. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1014 Archive.org mirror version]. All appear to be the same digital file.
*[http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Afghanistan: a Short Account of Afghanistan, its History, and our Dealings with it. In Two Volumes. Second Edition with a Map and Additional Volume, bringing the History of the Afghan Question down to 1885''] by Philip F Walker (Barrister-At-Law, late 75th Regt) 1885 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n172/mode/2up  Volume 2, same digital file]. [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n166/mode/2up Index to Volume 1],  [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n240/mode/2up Index to Volume 2] (numbered separately)
*[http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Afghanistan: a Short Account of Afghanistan, its History, and our Dealings with it. In Two Volumes. Second Edition with a Map and Additional Volume, bringing the History of the Afghan Question down to 1885''] by Philip F Walker (Barrister-At-Law, late 75th Regt) 1885 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n172/mode/2up  Volume 2, same digital file]. [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n166/mode/2up Index to Volume 1],  [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n240/mode/2up Index to Volume 2] (numbered separately)
*  ''Through the Khyber Pass'' by Rev J. Gregson 1883. Full title: ''Through the Khyber Pass to Sherpore Camp, Cabul. An account of Temperance Work among our soldiers in the Cabul Field Force''.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.91465 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.
*  ''Through the Khyber Pass'' by Rev J. Gregson 1883. Full title: ''Through the Khyber Pass to Sherpore Camp, Cabul. An account of Temperance Work among our soldiers in the Cabul Field Force''.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.91465 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.43264/page/n5 ''With Lord Roberts Through the Khyber Pass''] by David Ensor 1963 Archive.org.  A volume in the ''Adventures in Geography'' series. Probably intended as a book for school students.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.43264/page/n5 ''With Lord Roberts Through the Khyber Pass''] by David Ensor 1963 Archive.org.  A volume in the ''Adventures in Geography'' series. Probably intended as a book for school students.
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1979-my-god-maiwand-operations-of-the-south-afghanistan-field-force-1878-80-by-maxwell-s-pdf/  ''My God - Maiwand!: Operations of the South Afghanistan Field Force 1878-80''] by Leigh Maxwell 1979. Link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download does not display, look under Books/Afghanistan.
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1979-my-god-maiwand-operations-of-the-south-afghanistan-field-force-1878-80-by-maxwell-s-pdf/  ''My God - Maiwand!: Operations of the South Afghanistan Field Force 1878-80''] by Leigh Maxwell 1979. Link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download does not display, look under Books/Afghanistan.
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1986-the-road-to-kabul-the-second-afghan-war-1878-1881-by-robson-s-pdf/ ''The Road to Kabul : the Second Afghan War 1878-1881''] by Brian Robson 1986.  Link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download does not display, look under Books/Afghanistan. Robson also wrote ''Crisis on the Frontier: the [[3rd Afghan War|Third Afghan War]] and the Campaign in Waziristan 1919-1920'' (2004)  
*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1986-the-road-to-kabul-the-second-afghan-war-1878-1881-by-robson-s-pdf/ ''The Road to Kabul : the Second Afghan War 1878-1881''] by Brian Robson 1986.  Link to a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. If the download does not display, look under Books/Afghanistan. [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3596 Archive.org mirror version]. Robson also wrote ''Crisis on the Frontier: the [[3rd Afghan War|Third Afghan War]] and the Campaign in Waziristan 1919-1920'' (2004)
*[http://pahar.in/pahar/2002-from-kashmir-to-kabul-the-photographs-of-john-burke-and-william-baker-1860-1900-by-khan-pdf/  ''From Kashmir to Kabul: The photographs of John Burke and William Baker 1860-1900''] by Omar Khan 2002. Download from Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset (MCADD). Includes chapters and photographs about the [[2nd Afghan War| Second Afghan War]],  [[Peshawar]], [[Murree]], [[Kashmir]], [[Lahore]].
=====''London Gazette'' and the ''Gazette of India''=====
=====''London Gazette'' and the ''Gazette of India''=====
The ''[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/ London Gazette]'' may be searched online for official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan. As  examples, the following correspondence been noted for 1880 (there may be other correspondence).
The ''[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/ London Gazette]'' may be searched online for official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan. As  examples, the following correspondence been noted for 1880 (there may be other correspondence).
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*''The Far Pavilions'' by M.M. Kaye 1978. "...a 1,000 page epic of war and romance set in 19th century India; the book sold in its millions and was adapted for television in 1984..."  
*''The Far Pavilions'' by M.M. Kaye 1978. "...a 1,000 page epic of war and romance set in 19th century India; the book sold in its millions and was adapted for television in 1984..."  
:[https://archive.org/details/MMKayeTheFarPavilionsBookFi/page/n3 Archive.org version]; Archive.org Lending Library edition in two volumes: [https://archive.org/details/farpavilions01kaye/page/n5  Volume 1], [https://archive.org/details/farpavilionsvolu02kaye/page/n5 Volume 2]
:[https://archive.org/details/MMKayeTheFarPavilionsBookFi/page/n3 Archive.org version]; Archive.org Lending Library edition in two volumes: [https://archive.org/details/farpavilions01kaye/page/n5  Volume 1], [https://archive.org/details/farpavilionsvolu02kaye/page/n5 Volume 2]
:[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1453069/M-M-Kaye.html Obituary: ''The Telegraph''] 31 January 2004
:[https://web.archive.org/web/20180618130112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1453069/M-M-Kaye.html Obituary: ''The Telegraph''] 31 January 2004, archived.
{{#widget:Google PlusOne
*[https://archive.org/details/roadtokandahar0000wilc/mode/2up ''The Road to Kandahar''] by John Wilcox 2005.  Extra wording on cover ''A Simon Fonthill Novel''. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
|size=small
*[https://archive.org/details/redrunshelmand0000merc ''Red runs the Helmand''] by  Patrick Mercer 2011. [https://archive.org/details/redrunshelmand0000merc_u1r6/mode/2up 2nd file] 2012 edition. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
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Latest revision as of 05:32, 14 November 2022

2nd Afghan War
1878-80
Chronological list of Wars and Campaigns
[[Image:|250px| ]]
Location: Afghanistan
Combatants:
British and Indians Afghanistan
Result:
British took control of Afghan foreign relations
Border areas ceded to Britain
Medals:
The Afghanistan Medal 1878-1880
Clasps: Ali Musjid, Peiwar Kotal, Charasia, Ahmed Khel and Kandahar
Kabul to Khandahar Star 1880
Links:
Category: 2nd Afghan War
General Browne's March from Peshawar to Gandamak
General Roberts' March to Ali Kheyl
General Stewart's March to Kandahar
General Roberts' March to Kabul
General Stewart's March to Kabul
General Roberts' March from Kabul to Kandahar
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: First Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: Second Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: Third Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps


The 2nd Anglo-Afghan War 1878-80 came about because the British were concerned over Tsarist Russian expansion and tried to get the Afghan Amir Sher Ali to agree to a diplomatic mission to Kabul. When this was refused but a Russian mission admitted, the British invaded from three directions. With the country occupied, Sher Ali's son Yakoub Khan signed the Treaty of Gandamak in May 1879. The British forces withdrew but an uprising in Kabul led to the murder of the British Resident Sir Pierre Cavagnari. This provoked a second invasion by the British under Major General Sir Frederick Roberts and the occupation of Kabul following the Battle of Charasia in October 1879. The Afghans were again defeated at the Siege of Sherpur Cantonment in December. A further revolt led to the defeat of the British at the Battle of Maiwand in July 1880 following which Kandahar was besieged. Roberts led a force from Kabul to defeat the Afghans under Ayub Khan at the Battle of Baba Wullee. The Treaty of Gandamak was confirmed and the British withdrew.

Chronology of events

Biographies

Entries in the Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906 and Dictionary of National Biography 1912
Henry Abadie (1841-1915)
Ayub Khan (1849-?)
Thomas Baker (1837-1893)
Robert Onesiphorus Bright (1823-1896)
Samuel Browne (1824-1901)
Pierre Cavagnari (1841-1879)
Mortimer Durand (1850-1924)
Charles Gough (1832-1912)
Herbert Taylor Macpherson (1827-1886)
William Godfrey Dunham Massy (1838-1906)
Charles Palliser (1830-1895)
Frederick Roberts (1824-1914)
Robert Sandeman (1835-1892)
Sher Ali (1842-1872?)
Donald Stewart (1824-1900)

Also see

External Links

Maps

Historical books online

The same content was issued under the title The Second Afghan War, 1878-80: Abridged Official Account produced in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters, India 1908 Archive.org. Note: Part of the latter filming is unsatisfactory, with text missing from the sides of some pages, and some of the illustrations have not been filmed. Also available as a pdf download PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. Archive.org mirror version, however all appear to be the same digital file.
Another file, Archive.org from Ministry of Culture/Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad.
The six volume The Second Afghan War compiled and collated by and under the orders of Sir C. M. MacGregor, published 1885-1886 as "Strictly confidential", on which the Abridged Official Account was based, is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01012490881, or IOR/L/MIL/17/14/29 (parts 2-6 only).
London Gazette and the Gazette of India

The London Gazette may be searched online for official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan. As examples, the following correspondence been noted for 1880 (there may be other correspondence).

The Gazette of India also contains some official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan which is not mentioned in the London Gazette. See Newspapers and journals online-Gazette of India for some online editions. Also available at the British Library . As an example, the Gazette of India for the period September-December 1880 has an entry dated 11 September 1880 concerning Major W Jacob of the 19th Bombay Native Infantry and the march to Chaman 29-30th July 1880. This account is now available at Archive.org, pages 440-442.

Fiction
  • The Far Pavilions by M.M. Kaye 1978. "...a 1,000 page epic of war and romance set in 19th century India; the book sold in its millions and was adapted for television in 1984..."
Archive.org version; Archive.org Lending Library edition in two volumes: Volume 1, Volume 2
Obituary: The Telegraph 31 January 2004, archived.
  • The Road to Kandahar by John Wilcox 2005. Extra wording on cover A Simon Fonthill Novel. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
  • Red runs the Helmand by Patrick Mercer 2011. 2nd file 2012 edition. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.